Caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica de pacientes con tuberculosis notificados en una institución de salud del distrito de Barranquilla (Colombia)
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Fecha
2021-06
Autores
Alzate-Rios, María Juliana
Blanco-Charris, Saray Michelle
Rojas-Avila, Daniela Paola
Tellez-Coronado, Dagoberto
Vilaró-Otero, Michelle Marie
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Introducción: la tuberculosis (TB) es un problema de salud pública, catalogada como una de las diez principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial. Es producida por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, afecta principalmente a los pulmones pero puede afectar otros órganos.
Objetivo: Describir las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis notificados en una institución de salud del distrito de Barranquilla (Colombia), durante los años 2017 a 2019.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo en el que se revisó de forma retrospectiva las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis en una institución de salud del distrito de Barranquilla, durante el periodo de observación.
Resultados: Se notificaron 147 pacientes, de los cuales el 68% eran hombres, el 45,6% tenían entre 20 y 44 años; los trabajadores no calificados representaron el 83,67% y el 67,3% eran afiliados al régimen subsidiado. En cuanto a las características clínicas el diagnóstico de tuberculosis confirmado por laboratorio fue de 55%. La infección concomitante con VIH se registró en el 21,1% de los pacientes y entre las comorbilidades más frecuentes se hallaron la diabetes con 7,5% y desnutrición 6,8%. Todos los pacientes presentaron tuberculosis sensible al tratamiento.
Conclusión: En conclusión, los datos y observaciones descritos en el presente estudio, tuvieron comportamiento sociodemográfico y clínico similar a los registrados en el país, los cuales sirven como herramienta para fortalecer las estrategias de vigilancia y control de este evento de interés en salud pública.
Introduction: tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem, classified as one of the ten main causes of death worldwide. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it mainly affects the lungs but can affect other organs. Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis reported in a health institution in the district of Barranquilla (Colombia), during the years 2017 to 2019. Methods: Descriptive study in which the medical records of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in a health institution in the district of Barranquilla were retrospectively reviewed during the observation period. Results: 147 patients were reported, of which 68% were men, 45.6% were between 20 and 44 years old; unskilled workers represented 83.67% and 67.3% were affiliated to the subsidized regime. Regarding the clinical characteristics, the laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis was 55%. Concomitant infection with HIV was registered in 21.1% of the patients and among the most frequent comorbidities were diabetes with 7.5% and malnutrition with 6.8%. All patients had tuberculosis sensitive to treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, the data and observations described in this study had sociodemographic and clinical behavior similar to those registered in the country, which serve as a tool to strengthen the surveillance and control strategies of this event of interest in public health.
Introduction: tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem, classified as one of the ten main causes of death worldwide. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it mainly affects the lungs but can affect other organs. Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis reported in a health institution in the district of Barranquilla (Colombia), during the years 2017 to 2019. Methods: Descriptive study in which the medical records of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in a health institution in the district of Barranquilla were retrospectively reviewed during the observation period. Results: 147 patients were reported, of which 68% were men, 45.6% were between 20 and 44 years old; unskilled workers represented 83.67% and 67.3% were affiliated to the subsidized regime. Regarding the clinical characteristics, the laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis was 55%. Concomitant infection with HIV was registered in 21.1% of the patients and among the most frequent comorbidities were diabetes with 7.5% and malnutrition with 6.8%. All patients had tuberculosis sensitive to treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, the data and observations described in this study had sociodemographic and clinical behavior similar to those registered in the country, which serve as a tool to strengthen the surveillance and control strategies of this event of interest in public health.
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Palabras clave
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Tuberculosis pulmonar, Colombia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Colombia