Factores de riesgo asociados a tuberculosis y farmacorresistencia de la tuberculosis en pacientes atendidos en una ESE de primer nivel de Soledad, Atlántico en el periodo 2016-2019
Cargando...
Fecha
2020-06
Autores
Caraballo Parra, Daniela Marcela
Marin Baldovino, Adriana Lucia
Salgado Araujo, Mayra Alejandra
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Introducción: La tuberculosis aún es la enfermedad infecciosa más letal del mundo. Esta patología es causada por la bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, un bacilo ácido alcohol resistente, por lo general afecta a los pulmones, aunque existen hasta en un tercio formas extrapulmonares. Las comorbilidades son factores de riesgo importantes para la adquisición de la enfermedad, dentro de estos encontramos principalmente.
Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a tuberculosis y farmacorresistencia de la tuberculosis en pacientes de una ESE de primer nivel de Soledad, Atlántico en el periodo 2016-2019.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal.
Resultados: De los 468 pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis el 65% fueron masculinos frente a un 35% de población femenina. El rango de edad de mayor predominio fue de los 20 a 29 años con un 24%. El estrato socioeconómico de predominio fue el 1 con un 80% de total de la población.
La comorbilidad con mayor número de pacientes fue VIH, esta coinfección tuvo un porcentaje de 14.52 % de la población total con 68 pacientes. Le sigue en frecuencia la diabetes mellitus con 39 pacientes que representa un 8.33%. El 7.2% de los pacientes presentó farmacorresistencia con un predominio de monorresistencia.
Conclusiones: La tuberculosis sigue siendo una enfermedad con una alta prevalencia, especialmente en países con malas condiciones socioeconómicas y una importante desigualdad social como Colombia. Las personas que están en una edad productiva son más susceptibles a adquirir la infección, lo que tiene como consecuencia una carga económica para el Estado y pérdida de fuerza laboral por el componente de morbimortalidad que lleva consigo la tuberculosis.
Introduction: Tuberculosis is still the most lethal infectious disease in the world. This pathology is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a resistant bacillus alcohol, usually affecting the lungs, although they exist in up to one-third extrapulmonary forms. Comorbidities are important risk factors for the acquisition of the disease, within these we find mainly. Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with tuberculosis and tuberculosis drug resistance in patients with a first-level ESE in Soledad, Atlántico in the period 2016-2019. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional. Results: Of the 468 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis, 65% were male and 35% female. The highest age range was 20-29 years with 24%. The predominant socioeconomic stratum was 1 with 80% of the total population. The comorbidity with the largest number of patients was HIV, this co-infection had a percentage of 14.52% of the total population with 68 patients. It is followed frequently by diabetes mellitus with 39 patients representing 8.33%. 7.2% of patients had drug resistance with a predominance of monoresistance. Conclusions: Tuberculosis remains a high-prevalence disease, especially in countries with poor socio-economic conditions and significant social inequality such as Colombia. People who are in a productive age are more susceptible to infection, resulting in an economic burden on the State and a loss of labour due to the morbidity and mortality component of tuberculosis.
Introduction: Tuberculosis is still the most lethal infectious disease in the world. This pathology is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a resistant bacillus alcohol, usually affecting the lungs, although they exist in up to one-third extrapulmonary forms. Comorbidities are important risk factors for the acquisition of the disease, within these we find mainly. Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with tuberculosis and tuberculosis drug resistance in patients with a first-level ESE in Soledad, Atlántico in the period 2016-2019. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional. Results: Of the 468 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis, 65% were male and 35% female. The highest age range was 20-29 years with 24%. The predominant socioeconomic stratum was 1 with 80% of the total population. The comorbidity with the largest number of patients was HIV, this co-infection had a percentage of 14.52% of the total population with 68 patients. It is followed frequently by diabetes mellitus with 39 patients representing 8.33%. 7.2% of patients had drug resistance with a predominance of monoresistance. Conclusions: Tuberculosis remains a high-prevalence disease, especially in countries with poor socio-economic conditions and significant social inequality such as Colombia. People who are in a productive age are more susceptible to infection, resulting in an economic burden on the State and a loss of labour due to the morbidity and mortality component of tuberculosis.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis farmacorresistente, Factores de riesgo, Coinfección, Tuberculosis, Drug-resistant tuberculosis, Risk factors, Co-infection