Habilidades para la vida y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de un colegio de la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Mora Parada, María Paula
Moreno Jiménez, María Camila
Vega Valencia, Sergio Alfredo
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre las habilidades para la vida y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de un colegio privado del barrio San Luis, comuna 4 de la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. De la población total se encuentran 66 estudiantes entre los grados 8°, 9°, 10°, 11°. De los cuales (n=42) eran mujeres y (n=24) corresponde a los hombres. El estudio utilizó un diseño orientada desde un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental, de tipo transaccional con un alcance correlacional - causal el cual busca estudiar cómo se comportan dos variables en determinado fenómeno y la relación que hay entre dos variables, se administraron dos instrumentos de evaluación, el test de habilidades para la vida conformado por 80 ítems de tipo Likert, y el instrumento (CRAFFT) cribado para el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en adolescentes; De acuerdo a los resultados del primer objetivo que consiste en identificar el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de un colegio de la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander al analizar los datos se detecta que el 78,7% (52) estudiantes que están en un nivel no representativo de riesgo, , se detecta que la sustancia más consumida por los estudiantes por más de un dia, fue el alcohol con un 39,39% que como se refleja en la tabla 3, representa 26 personas; teniendo más facilidad y acceso a esta sustancia que a otras. En cuanto a la marihuana el porcentaje de consumo es muy bajo, con un 1,51% es decir, 1 sola persona la ha consumido más de seis veces, y por último otras sustancias como medicamentos recetados o de venta libre sólo el 3,03% lo que equivale a dos estudiantes siendo esta consumida también en más de seis ocasiones. referente al segundo objetivo en el cual se tuvo en cuenta evaluar las habilidades para la vida se concluye que las dimensiones más altas fueron empatía, toma de decisiones, pensamiento creativo, pensamiento crítico, manejo de sentimientos y emociones, en contraposición con el conocimiento de sí mismo, la comunicación efectiva y asertiva, las relaciones interpersonales, la solución de conflicto y problemas y el manejo de tensiones-estrés, que estuvieron dentro de los niveles normal bajo a muy inferior, así mismo en cuanto al tercer objetivo se concluye que no hay correlación entre las dimensiones de habilidades para la vida y el consumo de sustancias. Estos datos fueron analizados en el SPSS versión 25, mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman Brown, con lo cual se comprueba que frente al consumo ninguna de estas dimensiones guarda incidencia. Se concluye que el consumo de sustancias es cada vez mayor en la adolescencia precoz, elevando el riesgo de que se produzca una adicción, 52 estudiantes de 66 en total no han consumido ningún tipo de sustancias lo que significa, que no hay riesgo de consumo actual. Se destaca que la sustancia más consumida es el alcohol, pues es de más fácil acceso para los adolescentes, y siendo las mujeres las más consumidoras
The research aimed to analyze the relationship between life skills and the use of psychoactive substances in students of a private school in the San Luis neighborhood, commune 4 of the city of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Of the total population, 66 students are in grades 8, 9, 10, 11. Of which (n = 42) were women and (n = 24) corresponded to men. The study used a design oriented from a non-experimental quantitative approach, of a transactional type with a correlational - causal scope, which seeks to study how two variables behave in a certain phenomenon and the relationship between two variables, two evaluation instruments were administered, the life skills test made up of 80 Likert-type items, and the instrument (CRAFFT) screened for the use of psychoactive substances in adolescents; According to the results of the first objective, which consists of identifying the consumption of psychoactive substances in students of a school in the city of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, when analyzing the data, it is detected that 78.7% (52) students who are in A non-representative level of risk, it is detected that the substance most consumed by students for more than one day, was alcohol with 39.39% which, as reflected in table 3, represents 26 people; having more ease and access to this substance than others. As for marijuana, the percentage of consumption is very low, with 1.51% that is, 1 single person has used it more than six times, and finally other substances such as prescription or over-the-counter drugs only 3.03 %, which is equivalent to two students, also being consumed more than six times. Regarding the second objective in which the assessment of life skills was taken into account, it is concluded that the highest dimensions were empathy, decision-making, creative thinking, critical thinking, managing feelings and emotions, in contrast to self-knowledge. effective and assertive communication, interpersonal relationships, conflict and problem solving and stress-tension management, which were within the normal low to very low levels, likewise regarding the third objective it is concluded that there is no correlation between the dimensions of life skills and substance use. These data were analyzed in SPSS version 25, using the Spearman Brown correlation coefficient, which shows that none of these dimensions is relevant to consumption. It is concluded that substance use is increasing in early adolescence, raising the risk of addiction, 52 students out of 66 in total have not consumed any type of substance, which means that there is no risk of current use . It is noted that the most consumed substance is alcohol, since it is easier for adolescents to access, and women are the most consuming.
The research aimed to analyze the relationship between life skills and the use of psychoactive substances in students of a private school in the San Luis neighborhood, commune 4 of the city of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Of the total population, 66 students are in grades 8, 9, 10, 11. Of which (n = 42) were women and (n = 24) corresponded to men. The study used a design oriented from a non-experimental quantitative approach, of a transactional type with a correlational - causal scope, which seeks to study how two variables behave in a certain phenomenon and the relationship between two variables, two evaluation instruments were administered, the life skills test made up of 80 Likert-type items, and the instrument (CRAFFT) screened for the use of psychoactive substances in adolescents; According to the results of the first objective, which consists of identifying the consumption of psychoactive substances in students of a school in the city of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, when analyzing the data, it is detected that 78.7% (52) students who are in A non-representative level of risk, it is detected that the substance most consumed by students for more than one day, was alcohol with 39.39% which, as reflected in table 3, represents 26 people; having more ease and access to this substance than others. As for marijuana, the percentage of consumption is very low, with 1.51% that is, 1 single person has used it more than six times, and finally other substances such as prescription or over-the-counter drugs only 3.03 %, which is equivalent to two students, also being consumed more than six times. Regarding the second objective in which the assessment of life skills was taken into account, it is concluded that the highest dimensions were empathy, decision-making, creative thinking, critical thinking, managing feelings and emotions, in contrast to self-knowledge. effective and assertive communication, interpersonal relationships, conflict and problem solving and stress-tension management, which were within the normal low to very low levels, likewise regarding the third objective it is concluded that there is no correlation between the dimensions of life skills and substance use. These data were analyzed in SPSS version 25, using the Spearman Brown correlation coefficient, which shows that none of these dimensions is relevant to consumption. It is concluded that substance use is increasing in early adolescence, raising the risk of addiction, 52 students out of 66 in total have not consumed any type of substance, which means that there is no risk of current use . It is noted that the most consumed substance is alcohol, since it is easier for adolescents to access, and women are the most consuming.
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Palabras clave
Habilidades para la vida, Consumo de sustancias, Adolescentes, Psicología social, Life skills, Substance use, Adolescents, Social psychology