Rendimiento académico, hábitos y calidad de sueño en estudiantes universitarios
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Sanchez Ortiz, Helen Azucena
Velasco Velandia, Liseth Fernanda
Gamboa Pedraza, Diana Katherine
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente investigación analiza la relación entre las variables de rendimiento académico, los hábitos y la calidad de sueño de los estudiantes universitarios utilizando el paradigma positivista, un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, un diseño no experimental y un alcance correlacional. El instrumento de recolección de datos que se implementó fue el instrumento de Índice de calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh (ICSP) en una población de 104 estudiantes universitarios de segundo a décimo semestre en el periodo 2020-2 de diferentes carreras. Los principales resultados obtenidos correspondieron inicialmente a la caracterización de la población por sus datos sociodemográficos, seguidamente de la identificación de la calidad de sueño con la descripción del rendimiento académico. Como resultados, se obtuvo que la mayoría de los participantes fueron del sexo femenino con un porcentaje de 56,7%, así mismo, la media de la edad fue 21,15. Dentro de la totalidad de los participantes el 98,1% presentó interés por su carrera y un 95,2% son solteros. Por otro lado, en las dimensiones del instrumento ICSP, se obtuvo que un 45,2% tiene “bastante buena” su calidad subjetiva del sueño, el 47,1% presenta una “buena” latencia del sueño, de la misma manera un 52,9% tiene una duración de sueño entre “6 y 7 horas”, en la eficiencia habitual del sueño un 94,2% es superior al “85%”, en cuanto a las alteraciones del sueño un 76,9% se ubica en el intervalo de “1-9”, siguiendo con las dimensiones, un 86,5% en el último mes no utiliza medicamentos para dormir, el 56,8% se encuentra en el intervalo de “1-2” en la disfunción diurna. Evidenciándose así en el puntaje global que un 51% tenía una buena calidad de sueño, con respeto a la otra variable la media del promedio 2020-1 fue de 4,1 y la del promedio acumulado fue de 3,9. Y finalmente, se realizó la correlación significativa de las variables por medio de la Rho Spearman. evidenciándose que no existe relación entre el rendimiento académico y la calidad de sueño, aunque sí se encontró correlación entre el puntaje global y todas las dimensiones del sueño que media el instrumento, así mismo, estas dimensiones tienen correlación con otras variables.
The present research analyzes the relaengtionship between the variables of academic performance, habits and sleep quality of university students using the positivist paradigm, a quantitative methodological approach, a non-experimental design and a correlational scope. The data collection instrument that was implemented was the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (ICSP) instrument in a population of 104 university students from the second to the tenth semester in the 2020-2 period of different careers. The main results obtained correspond to the characterization of the population by its sociodemographic data, followed by the identification of sleep quality with the description of academic performance. As results, it was obtained that the majority of the participants were female with a percentage of 56.7%, thus, the mean age was 21.15. Among all the participants, 98.1% showed interest in their career and 95.2% are single. On the other hand, in the dimensions of the ICSP instrument, it was obtained that 45.2% have "quite good" their subjective quality of sleep, 47.1% have a "good" sleep latency, in the same way 52 , 9% have a sleep duration between "6 and 7 hours", in the usual sleep efficiency 94.2% is higher than the "85%", as for sleep disturbances 76.9% is located in the range of "1-9", following the dimensions, 86.5% in the last month not used sleeping medications, 56.8% is in the range of "1-2" in daytime dysfunction. Thus, it is evident in the global score that 51% had a good quality of sleep, with respect to the other variable, the mean of the 2020-1 average was 4.1 and the accumulated average was 3.9. And finally, the significant correlation of the variables was carried out using the Rho Spearman. showing that there is no relationship between academic performance and quality of sleep, although if a correlation was found between the global score and all dimensions of sleep that the instrument mediates, likewise, these dimensions have a correlation with other variables.
The present research analyzes the relaengtionship between the variables of academic performance, habits and sleep quality of university students using the positivist paradigm, a quantitative methodological approach, a non-experimental design and a correlational scope. The data collection instrument that was implemented was the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (ICSP) instrument in a population of 104 university students from the second to the tenth semester in the 2020-2 period of different careers. The main results obtained correspond to the characterization of the population by its sociodemographic data, followed by the identification of sleep quality with the description of academic performance. As results, it was obtained that the majority of the participants were female with a percentage of 56.7%, thus, the mean age was 21.15. Among all the participants, 98.1% showed interest in their career and 95.2% are single. On the other hand, in the dimensions of the ICSP instrument, it was obtained that 45.2% have "quite good" their subjective quality of sleep, 47.1% have a "good" sleep latency, in the same way 52 , 9% have a sleep duration between "6 and 7 hours", in the usual sleep efficiency 94.2% is higher than the "85%", as for sleep disturbances 76.9% is located in the range of "1-9", following the dimensions, 86.5% in the last month not used sleeping medications, 56.8% is in the range of "1-2" in daytime dysfunction. Thus, it is evident in the global score that 51% had a good quality of sleep, with respect to the other variable, the mean of the 2020-1 average was 4.1 and the accumulated average was 3.9. And finally, the significant correlation of the variables was carried out using the Rho Spearman. showing that there is no relationship between academic performance and quality of sleep, although if a correlation was found between the global score and all dimensions of sleep that the instrument mediates, likewise, these dimensions have a correlation with other variables.
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Palabras clave
Rendimiento académico, Calidad de sueño, Hábitos, Estudiantes universitarios, Sueño, Academic performance, Sleep quality, Habits, university students, Sleep