Análisis del transporte de carga terrestre en los últimos tres años en Colombia
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Barros Fragozo, José Javier
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
El sector transporte juega un papel importante en la consolidación de los procesos
de globalización y de competitividad en Colombia. La globalización de las economías es
una realidad que exige de los países un esfuerzo para optimizar sus procesos productivos,
siendo la disponibilidad y accesibilidad de los bienes una condición necesaria para lograr
una mayor competitividad en el contexto internacional. Teniendo en cuenta que una de las
principales estrategias de internacionalización del gobierno nacional ha sido la firma de
acuerdos comerciales con diferentes regiones y países del mundo.
He hecho un análisis y caracterización de los distintos modos de trasporte de carga en
Colombia para entender de esta forma cual es la situación actual de los mismos, encontrar
los principales obstáculos que se presentan en el transporte de carga en Colombia y de igual
manera establecer posibles soluciones a estos problemas que retrasan de forma sustancial el
desarrollo de nuestro país.
Teniendo en cuenta estos problemas de la situación actual del trasporte de carga en
Colombia he llegado a la conclusión que se requiere que los objetivos de las políticas del
gobierno nacional sean la facilitación del transporte y el comercio, la eficiencia en función
de los costos y de los servicios de transporte, la seguridad de la cadena de suministro, y la
inversión en infraestructura vial, y que estas se combinen en un marco de política global y
estratégico que permita ofrecer a la economía nacional las condiciones adecuadas para
aumentar la competitividad en los mercados internacionales. Razón por la cual la
infraestructura y los servicios de logística en el sector de transporte de carga deben ser
eficientes, rentables, confiables y sostenibles. Lo cual permitiría una mayor facilidad para
la entrada de nuevos productos a nuestro país reduciendo tiempos y costos finales. El sector
transportador de carga en Colombia en los últimos tiempos ha sido afectado por diferentes
variables agregando así la problemática actual del Covid 19, que perturban la operación
dinámica y flexible del sistema en términos productivos y competitivos; disminuyendo la
rentabilidad operativa de transportar una carga entre un punto origen y un punto destino
determinado en una zona de actuación de la organización.
Por otro lado, condiciones internas y externas del sector hacen que el flujo de carga e
información entre los nodos de interés del sistema sea interrumpido por el efecto látigo y la
réplica que este genera a través de los actores de la cadena de abastecimiento.
Arreola, R. Moreno, L. and Carrillo, J. (2013) in the second decade of the twentieth century, Colombia had one of the most backward systems in all of Latin America in terms of transportation and infrastructure; only in the 1960s and then in the early 1990s, with the framework law on foreign trade (Law 7 of January 1991), did the country take a turn towards international markets and gave rise to economic openness. This opening brought with it a new challenge for businessmen (including those in the transportation sector) and for the State because it established the criteria and general objectives of foreign policy and trade. The cargo transport sector is a determinant in the formation of the national economy and today is a strategic factor for globalization; for centuries crises have occurred that affected large and small global economies due to the need to mobilize the goods to obtain greater profits and business alternatives that will provide conditions of stability and growth for the nation. As the world becomes more globalized and competent, it also becomes more necessary and more rigorous specifications of transport to meet the requirements of national and international trade. By increasing competitiveness in the main markets, the country is forced to adapt and offer customers cost advantages, speed, reliability and flexibility in the distribution of goods, a situation that is achieved through the provision of an adequate road infrastructure network. The description of the problem, of the terrestrial load transport sector in Colombia in the last times has been affected by different variables, between her we have the problematic one like the economic yield, logistic and of infrastructure, is affected by the external conditions of the system, in this sense are due to identify the actors, scenes, resources, relations, phases, levels and indicators that determine the decisions in the sector as they are it: Price of fuel and lubricants, cost of tolls, operating costs, administrative expenses, freight table, costs of cargo generators and costs of intermediaries, thus adding to the current problems of Covid 19, which disturb the dynamic and flexible operation of the system in productive and competitive terms; reducing the operational profitability of transporting a load between an origin and a given destination point in an area where the organization operates
Arreola, R. Moreno, L. and Carrillo, J. (2013) in the second decade of the twentieth century, Colombia had one of the most backward systems in all of Latin America in terms of transportation and infrastructure; only in the 1960s and then in the early 1990s, with the framework law on foreign trade (Law 7 of January 1991), did the country take a turn towards international markets and gave rise to economic openness. This opening brought with it a new challenge for businessmen (including those in the transportation sector) and for the State because it established the criteria and general objectives of foreign policy and trade. The cargo transport sector is a determinant in the formation of the national economy and today is a strategic factor for globalization; for centuries crises have occurred that affected large and small global economies due to the need to mobilize the goods to obtain greater profits and business alternatives that will provide conditions of stability and growth for the nation. As the world becomes more globalized and competent, it also becomes more necessary and more rigorous specifications of transport to meet the requirements of national and international trade. By increasing competitiveness in the main markets, the country is forced to adapt and offer customers cost advantages, speed, reliability and flexibility in the distribution of goods, a situation that is achieved through the provision of an adequate road infrastructure network. The description of the problem, of the terrestrial load transport sector in Colombia in the last times has been affected by different variables, between her we have the problematic one like the economic yield, logistic and of infrastructure, is affected by the external conditions of the system, in this sense are due to identify the actors, scenes, resources, relations, phases, levels and indicators that determine the decisions in the sector as they are it: Price of fuel and lubricants, cost of tolls, operating costs, administrative expenses, freight table, costs of cargo generators and costs of intermediaries, thus adding to the current problems of Covid 19, which disturb the dynamic and flexible operation of the system in productive and competitive terms; reducing the operational profitability of transporting a load between an origin and a given destination point in an area where the organization operates
Descripción
Palabras clave
Transporte, Logística, Carga, Terrestre, Economía, Operaciones, Transport, Logistics, Cargo, Land, Economy, Operations