Las dislipidemias y su tratamiento en centros de altacomplejidad en Colombia
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Ruiz, Álvaro J.
Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando
Urina-Triana, Miguel
Román-González, Alejandro
Isazae, Daniel
Etayof, Edwin
Quintero, Adalberto
Molina, Dora Inés
Toro, Juan Manuel
Parra, Gustavo
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Sociedad Espanola de Arteriosclerosis
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo: Los datos sobre la distribución de las dislipidemias en Colombia sonlimitados. El objetivo primario de este estudio fue describir la frecuencia de las dislipidemias; los objetivos secundarios fueron: la frecuencia de comorbilidades cardiovasculares, el uso de estatinas y otros hipolipemiantes, la frecuencia de intolerancia a estatinas, el porcentaje de pacientes en metas de c-LDL, y estimar la distribución del riesgo cardiovascular (RCV).Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con recolección de datos retrospectiva que incluyóa 461 pacientes con diagnóstico de dislipidemia tratados en 17 centros cardiovasculares de altacomplejidad en las 6 principales áreas geográficas y económicas de Colombia.Resultados: La media (DE) de edad de los pacientes incluidos fue de 66,4 (±12,3) a˜nos. El 53,4%(246) eran mujeres. Las dislipidemias se distribuyeron así: dislipidemia mixta (51,4%), hiperco-lesterolemia (41,0%), hipertrigliceridemia (5,4%), hipercolesterolemia familiar (3,3%) y c-HDLbajo (0,7%). El medicamento más prescrito fue atorvastatina (75,7%), seguido de rosuvastatina(24,9%). El 55% del total de pacientes y el 28,6% de aquellos con enfermedad coronaria noestaban en metas de c-LDL a pesar del tratamiento. La frecuencia de intolerancia a estatinas fue del 2,6%.Conclusiones: La dislipidemia mixta y la hipercolesterolemia son las dislipidemias más frecuentes. Un porcentaje considerable de pacientes en tratamiento, incluidos aquellos con enfermedad coronaria, no lograron sus objetivos de c-LDL. Este inadecuado control lipídicoinfluye en el RCV y requiere un cambio en las estrategias terapéuticas, intensificando el trata-miento con estatinas o adicionando nuevos fármacos en los pacientes con mayor RCV.© 2020 Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. Todos los derechos reservados.
Background and objective: Data is scarce on the distribution of different types of dyslipidae-mia in Colombia. The primary objective was to describe the frequency of dyslipidaemias. Thesecondary objectives were: frequency of cardiovascular comorbidity, statins and other lipid-lowering drugs use, frequency of statins intolerance, percentage of patients achieving c-LDLgoals, and distribution of cardiovascular risk (CVR).Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from 461patients diagnosed with dyslipidaemia and treated in 17 highly specialised centres distributedinto six geographic and economic regions of Colombia.Results: Mean (SD) age was 66.4 (±12.3) years and 53.4% (246) were women. Dyslipidaemiaswere distributed as follows in order of frequency: mixed dyslipidaemia (51.4%), hypercholes-terolaemia (41.0%), hypertriglyceridaemia (5.4%), familial hypercholesterolaemia (3.3%), andlow c-HDL (0.7%). The most prescribed drugs were atorvastatin (75.7%) followed by rosuvas-tatin (24.9%). As for lipid control, 55% of all patients, and 28.6% of those with coronary heartdisease, did not achieve their personal c-LDL goal despite treatment. The frequency of statinintolerance was 2.6% in this study.Conclusions: Mixed dyslipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia are the most frequent dyslipidae-mias in Colombia. A notable percentage of patients under treatment with lipid-lowering drugs,including those with coronary heart disease, did not achieve specific c-LDL goals. This poor lipidcontrol may worsen patient’s CVR, so that therapeutic strategies need to be changed, eitherwith statin intensification or addition of new drugs in patients with higher CVR.© 2020 Sociedad Espa˜nola de Arteriosclerosis. Published by Elsevier Espa˜na, S.L.U. All rightsreserved.
Background and objective: Data is scarce on the distribution of different types of dyslipidae-mia in Colombia. The primary objective was to describe the frequency of dyslipidaemias. Thesecondary objectives were: frequency of cardiovascular comorbidity, statins and other lipid-lowering drugs use, frequency of statins intolerance, percentage of patients achieving c-LDLgoals, and distribution of cardiovascular risk (CVR).Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from 461patients diagnosed with dyslipidaemia and treated in 17 highly specialised centres distributedinto six geographic and economic regions of Colombia.Results: Mean (SD) age was 66.4 (±12.3) years and 53.4% (246) were women. Dyslipidaemiaswere distributed as follows in order of frequency: mixed dyslipidaemia (51.4%), hypercholes-terolaemia (41.0%), hypertriglyceridaemia (5.4%), familial hypercholesterolaemia (3.3%), andlow c-HDL (0.7%). The most prescribed drugs were atorvastatin (75.7%) followed by rosuvas-tatin (24.9%). As for lipid control, 55% of all patients, and 28.6% of those with coronary heartdisease, did not achieve their personal c-LDL goal despite treatment. The frequency of statinintolerance was 2.6% in this study.Conclusions: Mixed dyslipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia are the most frequent dyslipidae-mias in Colombia. A notable percentage of patients under treatment with lipid-lowering drugs,including those with coronary heart disease, did not achieve specific c-LDL goals. This poor lipidcontrol may worsen patient’s CVR, so that therapeutic strategies need to be changed, eitherwith statin intensification or addition of new drugs in patients with higher CVR.© 2020 Sociedad Espa˜nola de Arteriosclerosis. Published by Elsevier Espa˜na, S.L.U. All rightsreserved.
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Palabras clave
Aterosclerosis, Enfermedad cardiovascular, Dislipidemia, Estatinas, Hipercolesterolemia familiar, Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular disease, Dyslipidaemia, Statins, Familial hypercholesterolaemia