Modelo de desarrollo de capacidades emprendedoras en adolescentes de 13 a 19 años. Caso departamento del Atlántico
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Campo Ternera, Lilia Angélica
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
Antecedentes:Las capacidades emprendedoras son consideradas un elemento clave para el desarrollo económico y sostenible de los países, que debe ser entendido como un fenómeno complejo orientado más allá de la creación de empresas y que debe iniciar su desarrollo desde edades tempranas; frente a esto, el propósito de esta investigación es proponer un modelo de desarrollo de capacidades emprendedoras en la población de adolescentes de 13 a 19 años del departamento del Atlántico con miras al reconocimiento y fortalecimiento de potencialidades en los diversos contextos sociales, partiendo de la revisión de las bases conceptuales que describan, analicen e interpreten el emprendimiento como elemento determinante para el desarrollo económico y social del país.
Objetivos:Explicar la interacción entre las capacidades emprendedoras potenciales y efectivas en adolescentes de 13 A 19 años del departamento del Atlántico.
Materiales y Métodos:Para el logro de este propósito, se desarrolló una investigación empírico analítica, de tipo explicativa; diseño no experimental de corte transaccional; utilizando una muestra de 1.579 jóvenes con edades entre los 13 y los 19 años vinculados a Instituciones Educativas de los Municipios y corregimientos del Atlántico, se diseñó un instrumento de evaluación en forma de encuesta que evaluó las categorías organizadas para las capacidades emprendedoras: factores personales, formación para el emprendimiento y factores socioculturales, tras el levantamiento y validación, se continuó con la construcción de indicadores compuestos; y la modelación de la estructura de emprendimiento para jóvenes del Atlántico, mediante un Sistema de Ecuaciones Estructurales.
Resultados:Los principales resultados de la investigación muestran como la capacidad emprendedora potencial afecta de manera directa y positiva a la capacidad de emprendedora efectiva, siendo esta determinada tanto por la
aspectos personales definidos en términos de rasgos personales como habilidades para la vida, observándose un papel moderador los factores familiares y un efecto de mediación de tipo parcial entre la capacidad emprendedora potencial la formación para el emprendimiento y la capacidad emprendedora
Conclusiones:el modelo teórico de interacción de capacidades emprendedoras en los adolescentes del departamento del Atlántico, resultado de esta investigación, resalta la complejidad de la capacidad emprendedora efectiva, al verse afectada por múltiples factores de carácter personal, cognitivo, familiar, educativo y cultural, dejando en evidencia el efecto que de forma directa o indirecta de estos factores puede tener en los otros, como potencializador de éxito de iniciativas de emprendimiento. Este estudio tiene contribuciones importantes para investigadores y sobre la creación políticas públicas que permitan fortalecer las capacidades emprendedoras potenciales en los diferentes entornos donde se desarrolla el adolescente.
Background: Entrepreneurship capabilities are considered a key element for the economic and sustainable development of countries, which must be understood as a complex phenomenon beyond enterprise generation, so it is necessary to start its development from an early age. Taking this in consideration, the purpose of this research is to propose a development model of entrepreneurship capabilities for the teenage population of the Atlántico Department, looking for the acknowledgment and strengthening of the capabilities on the different social contexts, starting from the revision of the conceptual basis that describe, analyze and interpret entrepreneurship as a defining element for the economic and social development of the country. Objective:Explain the interaction between potential and effective entrepreneurial abilities in adolescents aged 13 to 19 in the Atlantic department. Materials and Methods: To achieve this purpose, an empirical analytic research, of a projective type, with a non-experimental design transactional analysis was performed, to a sample of 1.579 young people with ages between 13 and 19 years old that were part of Educational Institutions of the municipalities of Atlántico. An assessment instrument was designed as a survey that would evaluate the defined categories for entrepreneurship capabilities: personal factors, entrepreneurship formation, and socio-cultural factors. After the collection and validation of information performed by Educational Institutions, we went on to identify the methodology of operationalization of the variables for their posterior use in the model proposal, from the answers to the survey, with the construction of complex indicators and the modeling of the structure of entrepreneurship for teenagers of Atlántico, by a Structural Equations System. Results: The main results of this research show how the potential entrepreneurship capability affects in a direct and positive way the effective entrepreneurship capability, this last one being determined by personal aspects, defined in terms of personal features like life skills, and observing a moderating role for family factors and a partial mediation effect between the potential entrepreneurship capability, the entrepreneurship formation, and the entrepreneurship capability. Conclusions: The theoretical model of the interaction of entrepreneurship capabilities in teenagers of the Atlántico Department, the result of this research, highlights the complexity of the effective entrepreneurship capability, since this one is affected by multiple personal, cognitive, familial, educational and cultural factors, clearly showing the effect that in a direct or indirect way these factors may have in the others and a potentializer of success in entrepreneurship initiatives. This study has important contributions for researchers and for the creation of public policies that allow strengthening the potential entrepreneurship capabilities in the different development environments of teenagers.
Background: Entrepreneurship capabilities are considered a key element for the economic and sustainable development of countries, which must be understood as a complex phenomenon beyond enterprise generation, so it is necessary to start its development from an early age. Taking this in consideration, the purpose of this research is to propose a development model of entrepreneurship capabilities for the teenage population of the Atlántico Department, looking for the acknowledgment and strengthening of the capabilities on the different social contexts, starting from the revision of the conceptual basis that describe, analyze and interpret entrepreneurship as a defining element for the economic and social development of the country. Objective:Explain the interaction between potential and effective entrepreneurial abilities in adolescents aged 13 to 19 in the Atlantic department. Materials and Methods: To achieve this purpose, an empirical analytic research, of a projective type, with a non-experimental design transactional analysis was performed, to a sample of 1.579 young people with ages between 13 and 19 years old that were part of Educational Institutions of the municipalities of Atlántico. An assessment instrument was designed as a survey that would evaluate the defined categories for entrepreneurship capabilities: personal factors, entrepreneurship formation, and socio-cultural factors. After the collection and validation of information performed by Educational Institutions, we went on to identify the methodology of operationalization of the variables for their posterior use in the model proposal, from the answers to the survey, with the construction of complex indicators and the modeling of the structure of entrepreneurship for teenagers of Atlántico, by a Structural Equations System. Results: The main results of this research show how the potential entrepreneurship capability affects in a direct and positive way the effective entrepreneurship capability, this last one being determined by personal aspects, defined in terms of personal features like life skills, and observing a moderating role for family factors and a partial mediation effect between the potential entrepreneurship capability, the entrepreneurship formation, and the entrepreneurship capability. Conclusions: The theoretical model of the interaction of entrepreneurship capabilities in teenagers of the Atlántico Department, the result of this research, highlights the complexity of the effective entrepreneurship capability, since this one is affected by multiple personal, cognitive, familial, educational and cultural factors, clearly showing the effect that in a direct or indirect way these factors may have in the others and a potentializer of success in entrepreneurship initiatives. This study has important contributions for researchers and for the creation of public policies that allow strengthening the potential entrepreneurship capabilities in the different development environments of teenagers.
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Palabras clave
Emprendimiento, Capacidades emprendedoras, Factores psicosociales, Formación para el emprendimiento, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship capabilities, Psychosocial factors, Entrepreneurship formation