Validación de una herramienta para revelar diagnóstico de VIH a niños y adolescentes
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Trejos-Herrera, Ana María
Alarcón-Vásquez, Yolima
Pino-Melgarejo, Mariana
Mebarak-Chams, Moisés
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Resumen
Introducción. La revelación del diagnóstico de VIH/Sida a niños y
adolescentes ha tenido beneficios y desafíos para las familias afectadas.
Objetivo. Validar la herramienta “Mi Dragón Dormido” para el proceso
de revelación del diagnóstico de VIH/Sida a menores de 15 años.
Materiales y métodos. Se seleccionaron 10 jueces expertos y 40
cuidadores de niños seropositivos y seronegativos para VIH mediante
muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Se administraron cuestionarios
estructurados para evaluar cinco componentes de eficacia y se realizó
análisis descriptivo de los datos y tabulación mediante el programa
IBM SPSS Versión 24.
Resultados. Jueces expertos y cuidadores determinaron que el
formato y los mensajes fueron claros y favorecieron la identificación
y aceptación. También indicaron que la herramienta permitió un
cambio de comportamiento en el público objetivo.
Conclusión. La herramienta es válida para apoyar el proceso de
revelación de diagnóstico a niños con VIH y demostró aceptación en
población seronegativa, lo que sugiere que puede ser utilizada en hogares
y contextos educativos para promover comportamientos que respalden
la salud, el bienestar general y la reducción de prácticas discriminatorias
hacia las personas con VIH.
Introduction: The disclosure of the HIV/AIDS diagnosis to children and adolescents has benefits and challenges for affected families. Objective: To validate the tool Mi Dragón Dormido (My Sleeping Dragon) during the process of disclosing an HIV/AIDS diagnosis to children under the age of 15. Materials and methods: 10 expert judges and 40 caregivers of HIV-positive and HIV-negative children were selected using nonprobability purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires were applied to evaluate five efficacy components. A descriptive analysis of data and tabulation were performed using IBM SPSS Version 24 software. Results: Expert judges and caregivers determined that the format and the messages were clear and favored identification and acceptance. They also stated that the tool enabled behavior change in the target audience. Conclusion: The tool is valid for supporting the process of disclosure of diagnosis to children with HIV and demonstrated acceptance in HIV-negative populations, suggesting that it can be used in homes and educational settings to promote behaviors that support health, general well-being and the reduction of discriminatory practices towards people with HIV.
Introduction: The disclosure of the HIV/AIDS diagnosis to children and adolescents has benefits and challenges for affected families. Objective: To validate the tool Mi Dragón Dormido (My Sleeping Dragon) during the process of disclosing an HIV/AIDS diagnosis to children under the age of 15. Materials and methods: 10 expert judges and 40 caregivers of HIV-positive and HIV-negative children were selected using nonprobability purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires were applied to evaluate five efficacy components. A descriptive analysis of data and tabulation were performed using IBM SPSS Version 24 software. Results: Expert judges and caregivers determined that the format and the messages were clear and favored identification and acceptance. They also stated that the tool enabled behavior change in the target audience. Conclusion: The tool is valid for supporting the process of disclosure of diagnosis to children with HIV and demonstrated acceptance in HIV-negative populations, suggesting that it can be used in homes and educational settings to promote behaviors that support health, general well-being and the reduction of discriminatory practices towards people with HIV.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Seropositividad para VIH, Serodiagnóstico del SIDA, Serología del SIDA, Revelación de la verdad, Revelación (DeCS), HIV Seropositivity, AIDS Serodiagnosis, AIDS Serology, Truth Disclosure, Disclosure (MeSH)