Evaluación de la eficacia del ejercicio físico sobre la capacidad funcional de sujetos con enfermedad cardiovascular
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2018
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Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión
Resumen
El entrenamiento aeróbico interválico (EAI) y
la danza, pueden ser unos métodos apropiados
para optimizar la resistencia aeróbica,
umbral anaeróbico, función endotelial y cardiaca. El
objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el EAI de moderada
intensidad con la terapia de baile grupal y con el
entrenamiento aeróbico continuo (EAC) sobre los cambios
del VO2 pico en sujetos en fase II de tratamiento de
rehabilitación cardiaca.
Material y Métodos: Ensayo clínico aleatorio en sujetos
con diagnóstico de cardiopatía isquémica en programa
de rehabilitación cardiaca fase II. Se evaluaron
tres programas de ejercicio físico: EAI, EAC y baile grupal,
la capacidad funcional se evaluó mediante la prueba
de caminata de seis minutos, antes y después de
12 sesiones de ejercicio. El VO2 pico se calculó con la
fórmula modificada propuesta por el Colegio Americano
de Medicina del Deporte.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 30 sujetos (10 en cada grupo).
El VO2 pico aumentó significativamente en todos
los grupos después de 4 semanas, sin embargo, el grupo
de entrenamiento aeróbico interválico (EAI) tuvo el
mejor resultado y mejor capacidad funcional (MET).
Conclusión: El EAI produjo mejor efecto en la capacidad
funcional que los otros dos programas. Es necesario
contar con más estudios para realizar una mejor
evaluación a largo plazo de estos programas.
Aerobic interval training (AIT) and dance can be appropriate methods to optimize aerobic endurance, anaerobic threshold, endothelial and cardiac function. The objective of this study was to compare moderate intensity AIT with group dance therapy and continuous aerobic training (CAT) on changes in peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) in subjects in phase II of cardiac rehabilitation treatment. Methods: Randomized clinical trial in patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program. Three programs of physical exercise were evaluated: AIT, CAT and group dancing. Functional capacity was assessed by the six-minute walk test, before and after 12 exercise sessions. VO2 peak was calculated with the modified formula proposed by the American College of Sports Medicine. Results: 30 subjects were included (10 in each group). VO2 peak increased significantly in all groups after 4 weeks, however, the interval aerobic training group (IAS) had the best result and better functional capacity (MET). Conclusion: The IEA produced a better effect on functional capacity than the other two programs. It is necessary to have more studies to make a better long-term evaluation of these programs.
Aerobic interval training (AIT) and dance can be appropriate methods to optimize aerobic endurance, anaerobic threshold, endothelial and cardiac function. The objective of this study was to compare moderate intensity AIT with group dance therapy and continuous aerobic training (CAT) on changes in peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) in subjects in phase II of cardiac rehabilitation treatment. Methods: Randomized clinical trial in patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program. Three programs of physical exercise were evaluated: AIT, CAT and group dancing. Functional capacity was assessed by the six-minute walk test, before and after 12 exercise sessions. VO2 peak was calculated with the modified formula proposed by the American College of Sports Medicine. Results: 30 subjects were included (10 in each group). VO2 peak increased significantly in all groups after 4 weeks, however, the interval aerobic training group (IAS) had the best result and better functional capacity (MET). Conclusion: The IEA produced a better effect on functional capacity than the other two programs. It is necessary to have more studies to make a better long-term evaluation of these programs.
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Palabras clave
Ejercicio físico, Terapia de baile, Rehabilitación cardíaca, Physical exercise, Dance therapy, Cardiac rehabilitation