Determinantes del desempeño psicomotor en escolares de Barranquilla, Colombia
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Fecha
2017-06-01
Autores
Palacio-Duran, Erika
Pinillos-Patiño, Yisel
Herazo-Beltrán, Yaneth
Galeano-Muñoz, Luisa
Prieto-Suárez, Edgar
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Editor
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Resumen
Objetivo Establecer la prevalencia del perfil psicomotriz en niños de cuatro a ocho
años de edad de los colegios de la localidad Norte Centro Histórico de la ciudad de
Barranquilla.
Método Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado en 755 estudiantes de cuatro
a ocho años de edad de colegios oficiales y privados. El perfil motriz se midió
mediante la Batería Psicomotora (BPM) de Da Fonseca.
Resultados Existe mayor riesgo para un desempeño apráxico-dispráxico del subfactor
praxia global para los escolares de cuatro a cinco años [OR 4,8; IC 95 %; 3,3-7,1] que
estudian en colegios oficiales [OR 4,4; IC 95 %; 2,7-7,3]; los que viven en estrato 1, 2 y 3
[OR 2,4; IC 95 %; 1,5-3,9] y quienes tienen un peso aumentado [OR 2; IC 95 %; 1,2-3,3].
El mayor riesgo para un desempeño apráxico-dispráxico en praxia fina fue los participantes
de cuatro a cinco años de edad [OR 3,7; IC 95 %; 2,7-5,3], para los estudiantes
de colegios oficiales [OR 1,9; IC 95 %; 1,3-2,]. Un desempeño apráxico-dispráxico en el
subfactor estructuración espacio temporal es mayor en las niñas [OR 1,6; IC 95 %; 1,1-
2,2], para los escolares de cuatro a cinco [OR 4,8; IC 95 %; 3,3-7,1]; en los que estudian
en el sector oficial [OR 1,9; IC 95 %; 2,7-5,3]; para los que residen en estratos socioeconómicos
1, 2 y 3 [OR 1,6; IC 95 %; 1,1-2,7].
Conclusiones Los determinantes como estudiar en colegios del sector oficial, estado
nutricional, género y estrato socioeconómico están relacionados con el desempeño
motor de los estudiantes.
Objective To establish the prevalence of the psychomotor profile in children aged four to eight years attending the schools of the North Historical Center of Barranquilla, Colombia. Method A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 755 students from public and private schools aged between 4 and 8 years. The motor profile was measured by Da Fonseca Psychomotor Battery. Results An increased risk for apraxic-dyspraxic performance of the global praxis subfactor was observed in schoolchildren aged four to five years [OR 4.8; 95 % CI; 3.3-7.1] who study in public schools [OR 4.4; 95 % CI; 2.7-7.3], in those classified in the socioeconomic in strata 1, 2 and 3 [OR 2.4; 95 % CI; 1.5-3.9], and in those with an increased weight [OR 2; 95 % CI; 1.2-3.3]. The highest risk for apraxic-dyspraxic performance correlated to public school students [OR 1.9; 95% CI; 1.3-2.8] aged between four and five [OR 3.7; 95 % CI; 2.7-5.3]. The apraxic-dyspraxic performance in the structuring of the temporal space subfactor was higher in girls [OR 1.6; 95 % CI; 1.1- 2.2], in schoolchildren aged four to five [OR 4.8; 95 % CI; 3.3-7.1], in students of public schools [OR 1.9; 95 % CI; 2.7- 5.3], and in children classified in the socioeconomic strata 1, 2 and 3 [OR 1.6; 95 % CI; 1.1-2.7]. Conclusions Determinants such as studying in public schools, nutritional status, gender and socioeconomic stratum are related to motor performance in students.
Objective To establish the prevalence of the psychomotor profile in children aged four to eight years attending the schools of the North Historical Center of Barranquilla, Colombia. Method A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 755 students from public and private schools aged between 4 and 8 years. The motor profile was measured by Da Fonseca Psychomotor Battery. Results An increased risk for apraxic-dyspraxic performance of the global praxis subfactor was observed in schoolchildren aged four to five years [OR 4.8; 95 % CI; 3.3-7.1] who study in public schools [OR 4.4; 95 % CI; 2.7-7.3], in those classified in the socioeconomic in strata 1, 2 and 3 [OR 2.4; 95 % CI; 1.5-3.9], and in those with an increased weight [OR 2; 95 % CI; 1.2-3.3]. The highest risk for apraxic-dyspraxic performance correlated to public school students [OR 1.9; 95% CI; 1.3-2.8] aged between four and five [OR 3.7; 95 % CI; 2.7-5.3]. The apraxic-dyspraxic performance in the structuring of the temporal space subfactor was higher in girls [OR 1.6; 95 % CI; 1.1- 2.2], in schoolchildren aged four to five [OR 4.8; 95 % CI; 3.3-7.1], in students of public schools [OR 1.9; 95 % CI; 2.7- 5.3], and in children classified in the socioeconomic strata 1, 2 and 3 [OR 1.6; 95 % CI; 1.1-2.7]. Conclusions Determinants such as studying in public schools, nutritional status, gender and socioeconomic stratum are related to motor performance in students.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Desempeño psicomotor, Habilidades motoras, Factores socioeconómicos, Estado nutricional, Psychomotor performance, Motor skills, Socioeconomic factors, Nutritional status