Acciones educativas para la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en la institución educativa colegio Jaime Garzón
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Romero Ortega, Briagny Roció
Palacio Rubio, Jhonathan Stiven
Jaimes Tarazona, María Fernanda
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Introducción: En el marco del presente proyecto de investigación es de suma importancia conocer las acciones implementadas por la Institución Educativa del colegio Jaime Garzón para la prevención de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, la cual es entendida como una problemática de gran impacto, por lo cual es pertinente abordar este fenómeno desde la siguiente pregunta ¿Cuáles son las acciones implementadas por la Institución Educativa Colegio Jaime Garzón para la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas?, para esto se fundamentó desde las siguientes categorías de estudio, acciones educativas, sustancias psicoactivas y políticas de prevención, por lo tanto se implementó una metodología que está integrada por el paradigma interpretativo, enfoque cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico y cuyos resultados se encuentran en el desarrollo de la escritura de los presentes hallazgos.
Antecedentes: Fueron necesarios el rastreo de diferentes proyectos que aportaron a nuestra investigación partiendo desde la relación que existe entre el abordaje de teorías y las realidades sociales que están inmersas dentro de la problemática qué estamos investigando.
Siendo el total de siete antecedentes que se relacionaban con el presente proyecto, entre ellos tres de carácter internacional qué consideran importante la etapa de la adolescencia, la orientación desde el aula escolar al sano uso del tiempo libre y la influencia de las sustancias psicoactivas en los adolescentes en etapa escolar.
Por otra parte, tenemos cuatro antecedentes nacionales que nos sirven de referencia para tener una perspectiva amplia en cuanto a la implementación de las acciones educativas dentro de las instituciones en diferentes zonas del país para evitar o aminorar el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los adolescentes.
Objetivos: Para lo cual se estableció el objetivo general: Analizar acciones educativas implementadas por la institución Jaime Garzón en el grado 9 grado frente a la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Y tres objetivos específicos para dar cumplimiento a este. Identificar las acciones educativas implementadas por el colegio Jaime Garzón en los estudiantes de 9 grado frente a la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, examinar las acciones educativas implementadas en el colegio Jaime garzón, que permitan el seguimiento a propuestas para la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, relacionar las acciones de prevención con respecto a la política de prevención de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas.
Materiales y Métodos: El método fue bajo un paradigma interpretativo, desde un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño fenomenologico. La población está representada por estudiantes de secundaria del grado noveno de la institución educativa colegio Jaime Garzón, Norte de Santander. La muestra está conformada por 15 estudiantes o participantes de secundaria, que representan los sujetos del fenómeno a estudiar en la investigación, también se tuvo en cuenta el aporte de 10 personas entre docentes y administrativos que apoyaron la investigación. Para la presente recolección de datos se utilizaron las técnicas de entrevista, observación no participante y grupo focal.
Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos por medio de la recolección de información a través de la entrevista semiestructurada se puede identificar que no se implementa de forma permanente las acciones educativas y que en su gran parte los docentes desconocen de la problemática que se presenta en el colegio, así mismo desconocen de las políticas públicas implementadas en la institución, después de examinar las acciones educativas y analizar el comportamiento observado se detalla que existe una serie de problemas en los estudiantes y que necesitan más frecuente de un acompañamiento tanto de institucional como familiar.
Conclusiones: Se evidencia que los estudiantes de la institución colegio Jaime Garzón tienen un conocimiento básico frente a la problemática de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas por tanto gran porcentaje de estudiantes normalizan el consumo lo cual es un factor de riesgo pues hay mayor predisposición por parte de ellos a aceptar consumir sustancias psicoactivas.
Se permitió visibilizar que dentro de la institución educativa existen falencias con respecto a la problemática, ya que a través de la de la interacción directa con los estudiantes, docentes y administrativos, se puede evidenciar que existen alumnos del grado noveno que consumen sustancias psicoactivas y que la institución no implementa metodologías de manera pedagógica que permitan disminuir el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los estudiantes quienes inciden en el
consumo de la misma y por otro lado acciones que prevengan que nuevos estudiantes se sumen a esta práctica.
Introduction: Within the framework of this research project, it is of the utmost importance to know the actions implemented by the Educational Institution of the Jaime Garzón school for the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances, which is understood as a problem of great impact, for which it is pertinent to address this phenomenon from the following question: What are the actions implemented by the Jaime Garzón School Educational Institution for the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances? For this, it was based on the following categories of study, educational actions, psychoactive substances and policies of prevention, therefore a methodology was implemented that is integrated by the interpretive paradigm, qualitative approach and phenomenological design and whose results are found in the development of the writing of the present findings. Background: It was necessary to track different projects that contributed to our research, starting from the relationship that exists between the approach of theories and the social realities that are immersed in the problem that we are investigating. Being the total of seven antecedents that were related to the present project, among them three of an international nature that consider the stage of adolescence important, the orientation from the school classroom to the healthy use of free time and the influence of psychoactive substances in children. adolescents in school stage. On the other hand, we have four national antecedents that serve as a reference to have a broad perspective regarding the implementation of educational actions within institutions in different areas of the country to avoid or reduce the consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents. Objectives: For which the general objective was established: Analyze educational actions implemented by the Jaime Garzón institution in the 9th grade against the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances. And three specific objectives to fulfill this. Identify the educational actions implemented by the Jaime Garzón school in the 9th grade students against the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances, examine the educational actions implemented in the Jaime Garzón school, which allow the follow-up of proposals for the prevention of substance use psychoactive substances, relate the prevention actions with respect to the psychoactive substance use prevention policy. Materials and Methods: The method was under an interpretive paradigm, from a qualitative approach and a phenomenological design. The population is represented by ninth grade high school students from the Jaime Garzón school, Norte de Santander. The sample is made up of 15 high school students or participants, who represent the subjects of the phenomenon to be studied in the research, the contribution of 10 people between teachers and administrators who supported the research was also taken into account. For the present data collection, the techniques of interview, non-participant observation and focus group were used. Results: The results obtained through the collection of information through the semi-structured interview can identify that educational actions are not permanently implemented and that for the most part teachers are unaware of the problems that occur in the school, Likewise, they are unaware of the public policies implemented in the institution. After examining the educational actions and analyzing the behavior observed, it is detailed that there are a series of problems in the students and that they need more frequent accompaniment, both from the institution and from the family. Conclusions: It is evident that the students of the Jaime Garzón school institution have basic knowledge regarding the problem of psychoactive substance use, therefore a large percentage of students normalize consumption, which is a risk factor because there is a greater predisposition on their part. to accept consuming psychoactive substances. It was allowed to make visible that within the educational institution there are shortcomings regarding the problem, since through direct interaction with students, teachers and administrators, it can be evidenced that there are ninth grade students who consume psychoactive substances and that The institution does not implement methodologies in a pedagogical way that allow reducing the consumption of psychoactive substances in students who affect their consumption and, on the other hand, actions that prevent new students from joining this practice.
Introduction: Within the framework of this research project, it is of the utmost importance to know the actions implemented by the Educational Institution of the Jaime Garzón school for the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances, which is understood as a problem of great impact, for which it is pertinent to address this phenomenon from the following question: What are the actions implemented by the Jaime Garzón School Educational Institution for the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances? For this, it was based on the following categories of study, educational actions, psychoactive substances and policies of prevention, therefore a methodology was implemented that is integrated by the interpretive paradigm, qualitative approach and phenomenological design and whose results are found in the development of the writing of the present findings. Background: It was necessary to track different projects that contributed to our research, starting from the relationship that exists between the approach of theories and the social realities that are immersed in the problem that we are investigating. Being the total of seven antecedents that were related to the present project, among them three of an international nature that consider the stage of adolescence important, the orientation from the school classroom to the healthy use of free time and the influence of psychoactive substances in children. adolescents in school stage. On the other hand, we have four national antecedents that serve as a reference to have a broad perspective regarding the implementation of educational actions within institutions in different areas of the country to avoid or reduce the consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents. Objectives: For which the general objective was established: Analyze educational actions implemented by the Jaime Garzón institution in the 9th grade against the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances. And three specific objectives to fulfill this. Identify the educational actions implemented by the Jaime Garzón school in the 9th grade students against the prevention of the consumption of psychoactive substances, examine the educational actions implemented in the Jaime Garzón school, which allow the follow-up of proposals for the prevention of substance use psychoactive substances, relate the prevention actions with respect to the psychoactive substance use prevention policy. Materials and Methods: The method was under an interpretive paradigm, from a qualitative approach and a phenomenological design. The population is represented by ninth grade high school students from the Jaime Garzón school, Norte de Santander. The sample is made up of 15 high school students or participants, who represent the subjects of the phenomenon to be studied in the research, the contribution of 10 people between teachers and administrators who supported the research was also taken into account. For the present data collection, the techniques of interview, non-participant observation and focus group were used. Results: The results obtained through the collection of information through the semi-structured interview can identify that educational actions are not permanently implemented and that for the most part teachers are unaware of the problems that occur in the school, Likewise, they are unaware of the public policies implemented in the institution. After examining the educational actions and analyzing the behavior observed, it is detailed that there are a series of problems in the students and that they need more frequent accompaniment, both from the institution and from the family. Conclusions: It is evident that the students of the Jaime Garzón school institution have basic knowledge regarding the problem of psychoactive substance use, therefore a large percentage of students normalize consumption, which is a risk factor because there is a greater predisposition on their part. to accept consuming psychoactive substances. It was allowed to make visible that within the educational institution there are shortcomings regarding the problem, since through direct interaction with students, teachers and administrators, it can be evidenced that there are ninth grade students who consume psychoactive substances and that The institution does not implement methodologies in a pedagogical way that allow reducing the consumption of psychoactive substances in students who affect their consumption and, on the other hand, actions that prevent new students from joining this practice.
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Palabras clave
Educación, Sustancias psicoactivas, Adolescentes, Prevención, Education, Psychoactive substances, Adolescents, Prevention