Aplicabilidad del principio de estabilidad ocupacional reforzada por salud a la población migrante venezolana en condición irregular: una visión desde la constitucionalización y convencionalización del derecho laboral colombiano
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Sandoval Martínez, Silvia Camila
Berbesí Eugenio, Gladys Mariela
Rueda Lázaro, Jesús Manuel
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La Asamblea Nacional Constituyente en su redacción de la Constitución Política de 1991 consagró en el artículo 53º la estabilidad laboral como un principio mínimo fundamental propio de las relaciones laborales. No obstante, la Corte Constitucional ha ampliado su marco de aplicación a cualquier vínculo contractual denominándola estabilidad ocupacional reforzada, imponiendo así a la parte contratante un requisito adicional para la terminación del contrato. En la actualidad la incertidumbre suscita frente a la población migrante en condición irregular, por lo que se tiene como objetivo general determinar si les es aplicable el principio a la estabilidad ocupacional reforzada por fuero de salud. Para resolverlo se utilizó la investigación histórico-hermenéutica, toda vez que el objeto recae en la interpretación de la Ley 361 de 1997, mediante el enfoque cualitativo y la técnica de análisis documental; para ello se analizan las sentencias de la Corte Constitucional y la Corte Suprema de Justicia, en atención a la antinomia constitucional que se vislumbra del tema objeto de investigación. Adicional, se estudia la ley expedida por el gobierno nacional para personas discapacitadas, así como la finalidad teleológica de la Constitución Política y los postulados doctrinales de organismos internacionales. La conclusión de mayor relevancia fue el supuesto que jurisprudencialmente no se tiene ningún antecedente similar aplicable, empero, en atención a los principios de solidaridad social y progresividad en la protección de los derechos laborales resulta inminente la aplicabilidad de este principio a la población migrante irregularizada, aunado a la constitucionalización y convencionalización del derecho laboral.
The National Constituent Assembly in its drafting of the Political Constitution of 1991 enshrined in article 53 job stability as a fundamental minimum principle of labor relations. However, the Constitutional Court has extended its framework of application to any contractual relationship, calling it reinforced occupational stability, thus imposing an additional requirement on the contracting party for the termination of the contract. At present, the uncertainty arises in the face of the migrant population in an irregular condition, for which the general objective is to determine if the principle of occupational stability reinforced by health jurisdiction is applicable to them. To solve it, historical-hermeneutical research was used, since the object lies in the interpretation of Law 361 of 1997, through the qualitative approach and the documentary analysis technique; For this, the sentences of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court of Justice are analyzed, in attention to the constitutional antinomy that is glimpsed of the subject under investigation. Additionally, the law issued by the national government, the teleological purpose of the Political Constitution and the doctrinal postulates of international organizations are studied. The most relevant conclusion was the assumption that jurisprudentially there isn’t similar applicable precedent, however, in view of the principles of social solidarity and progressiveness in the protection of labor rights, the applicability of this principle to the irregular migrant population is imminent, coupled with the constitutionalization and conventionalization of labor law.
The National Constituent Assembly in its drafting of the Political Constitution of 1991 enshrined in article 53 job stability as a fundamental minimum principle of labor relations. However, the Constitutional Court has extended its framework of application to any contractual relationship, calling it reinforced occupational stability, thus imposing an additional requirement on the contracting party for the termination of the contract. At present, the uncertainty arises in the face of the migrant population in an irregular condition, for which the general objective is to determine if the principle of occupational stability reinforced by health jurisdiction is applicable to them. To solve it, historical-hermeneutical research was used, since the object lies in the interpretation of Law 361 of 1997, through the qualitative approach and the documentary analysis technique; For this, the sentences of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court of Justice are analyzed, in attention to the constitutional antinomy that is glimpsed of the subject under investigation. Additionally, the law issued by the national government, the teleological purpose of the Political Constitution and the doctrinal postulates of international organizations are studied. The most relevant conclusion was the assumption that jurisprudentially there isn’t similar applicable precedent, however, in view of the principles of social solidarity and progressiveness in the protection of labor rights, the applicability of this principle to the irregular migrant population is imminent, coupled with the constitutionalization and conventionalization of labor law.
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Palabras clave
Constitucionalización del derecho laboral, Convencionalización del derecho laboral, Debilidad manifiesta, Estabilidad laboral, Migrante irregular, Constitutionalization of the labor law, Conventionalization of labor law, Manifest weakness, Job stability, Irregular migrant