Examinando por Autor "Castro, Ana"
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Ítem Diagnostic criteria and management of metabolic syndrome: Evolution overtime(Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela, 2020) Rojas, Edward; Castro, Ana; Manzano, Alexander; Suarez, Maria Karina; Lameda, Victor; Carrasquero, Ruben; Nava, Manuel; Bermúdez, ValmoreThe beginnings of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) as a suspected, not yet recognized entity can be traced back to 1923 when a study concerning a particularly common clustering of metabolic entities observed in diabetic patients was first published. Years of research and endless debate yielded the currently accepted MetS definition and diagnostic criteria, even if some components and their cut-off points are still up for discussion. To date, MetS are defined as a clustering of metabolic risk factors that greatly increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), while also being closely related to various potentially deadly comorbidities. Furthermore, since early detection and management of MetS have been shown to decrease the risk for CVD and T2D, current research has focused on unifying diagnostic criteria and proposing novel parameters to facilitate MetS identification, while also promoting a healthy lifestyle as a preventive measure. With a deeper understanding of MetS pathophysiology comes the broadening of therapeutic targets open for study, thus expanding and enhancing the treatment methods currently in use. This review aims to summarize the evolution of MetS as a concept, development of the diagnostic criteria, current management, and future directions.Ítem Hypertension, emotions and happiness: A brief view from the biology to the positive psychology(Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela, 2022) Bautista-Sandoval, María; Chacín, Maricarmen; Chaparro-Suárez, Yudy; Riaño-Garzón, Manuel E; Díaz-Camargo, Edgar Alexis; Duran, Pablo; Parra, Heliana; Castro, Ana; Nava, Manuel; Medina Ortiez, Oscar; D’Marco, Luis; Rojas, Edward; Bermúdez, ValmoreHigh blood pressure (HBP) is a silent disease with an extremely high prevalence worldwide. It is considered the leading risk factor for cardiovascular (CVD) and neurovascular disorders. The etiology of hypertension is based on various genetic, environmental, and social factors. Currently, compelling evidence points to the link between HBP and certain psycho-emotional factors, such as mental stability, happiness, general well-being, and fulfillment, all consistently associated with better physical and psychological health. Clinical and epidemiological evidence supports their value as a novel target in HBP management despite the lack of clarity concerning how psycho-emotional and affective states affect cardiovascular health. Among the main psycho-emotional strategies implemented to treat HBP and other CVD patients, emphasis should be placed on psychosocial interventions and positive psychology, which have shown promising results in this regard thus far. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively determine whether an individual’s psychosocial and emotional state can be an HBP risk factor.Ítem Intrinsic and environmental basis of aging: A narrative review(Elsevier Ltd., 2023) Navarro, Carla; Salazar, Juan; Díaz, María P.; Chacin, Maricarmen; Santeliz, Raquel; Vera, Ivana; D'Marco, Luis; Parra, Heliana; Bernal, Mary Carlota; Castro, Ana; Escalona, Daniel; García-Pacheco, Henry; Bermúdez, ValmoreLongevity has been a topic of interest since the beginnings of humanity, yet its aetiology and precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Aging is currently viewed as a physiological phenomenon characterized by the gradual degeneration of organic physiology and morphology due to the passage of time where both external and internal stimuli intervene. The influence of intrinsic factors, such as progressive telomere shortening, genome instability due to mutation buildup, the direct or indirect actions of age-related genes, and marked changes in epigenetic, metabolic, and mitochondrial patterns constitute a big part of its underlying endogenous mechanisms. On the other hand, several psychosocial and demographic factors, such as diet, physical activity, smoking, and drinking habits, may have an even more significant impact on shaping the aging process. Consequentially, implementing dietary and exercise patterns has been proposed as the most viable alternative strategy for attenuating the most typical degenerative aging changes, thus increasing the likelihood of prolonging lifespan and achieving successful aging.Ítem Specialized Proresolving Lipid Mediators: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis(MDPI, 2022) Salazar, Juan; Pirela, Daniela; Nava, Manuel; Castro, Ana; Angarita, Lissé; Parra, Heliana; Durán-Agüero, Samuel; Rojas-Gómez, Diana Marcela; Galbán, Néstor; Añez, Roberto; Chacín, Maricarmen; Diaz, Andrea; Villasmil, Nelson; Bautista De Sanctis, Juan; Bermúdez, ValmoreCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global public health issue due to its high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The implementation of innovative therapeutic alternatives for CVD is urgently required. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) are bioactive compounds derived from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, integrated into four families: Lipoxins, Resolvins, Protectins, and Maresins. SPMs have generated interest in recent years due to their ability to promote the resolution of inflammation associated with the pathogeneses of numerous illnesses, particularly CVD. Several preclinical studies in animal models have evidenced their ability to decrease the progression of atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia, and reperfusion injury via diverse mechanisms. Large-scale clinical trials are required to determine the effects of SPMs in humans. This review integrates the currently available knowledge of the therapeutic impact of SPMs in CVD from preclinical and clinical studies, along with the implicated molecular pathways. In vitro results have been promising, and as such, SPMs could soon represent a new therapeutic alternative for CVD.