Entre la norma y la realidad: violencia, obstétrica y derechos de las mujeres migrantes venezolanas en Cúcuta
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Silva Fajardo, Sarai Tatiana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El presente artículo analiza el enfoque normativo y legal de la violencia obstétrica hacia las mujeres migrantes venezolanas atendidas en la ciudad de Cúcuta durante el período 2021-2025, en concordancia con la legislación colombiana y los tratados internacionales en materia de derechos humanos. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque interpretativo y un diseño hermenéutico, orientado a comprender los significados legales, sociales e institucionales asociados a la garantía de un parto digno y respetado. Se empleó la técnica de revisión documental, apoyada en una matriz de análisis de contenido aplicada a informes de mujeres migrantes atendidas en hospitales públicos y privados, así como a disposiciones normativas, sentencias judiciales y documentos institucionales de entidades como Dejusticia, DANE, ICBF, Defensoría del Pueblo, OMS y OPS.
Los resultados evidencian deficiencias en la implementación de políticas públicas de atención materna, prácticas discriminatorias y barreras en el acceso a servicios de salud seguros y humanizados. Se concluye que, pese al marco jurídico existente, persisten tensiones entre la protección formal de los derechos y la realidad vivida por las mujeres migrantes, lo que demanda el fortalecimiento de las estrategias institucionales orientadas a la prevención, atención y sanción de la violencia obstétrica en Colombia.
This article analyzes the legal and regulatory framework of obstetric violence against Venezuelan migrant women who received care in the city of Cúcuta between 2021 and 2025, in accordance with Colombian legislation and international human rights treaties. The research was developed under an interpretive approach and a hermeneutic design, aimed at understanding the legal, social, and institutional meanings associated with guaranteeing a dignified and respectful childbirth. A documentary review technique was applied, supported by a content analysis matrix that included reports from migrant women assisted in public and private hospitals, as well as regulations, judicial rulings, and institutional documents from organizations such as Dejusticia, DANE, ICBF, the Ombudsman’s Office, WHO, and PAHO. The findings reveal deficiencies in the implementation of maternal care policies, discriminatory practices, and barriers to accessing safe and humanized health services. It is concluded that, despite the existing legal framework, there remain tensions between the formal protection of rights and the lived realities of migrant women, highlighting the need to strengthen institutional strategies for the prevention, care, and sanction of obstetric violence in Colombia.
This article analyzes the legal and regulatory framework of obstetric violence against Venezuelan migrant women who received care in the city of Cúcuta between 2021 and 2025, in accordance with Colombian legislation and international human rights treaties. The research was developed under an interpretive approach and a hermeneutic design, aimed at understanding the legal, social, and institutional meanings associated with guaranteeing a dignified and respectful childbirth. A documentary review technique was applied, supported by a content analysis matrix that included reports from migrant women assisted in public and private hospitals, as well as regulations, judicial rulings, and institutional documents from organizations such as Dejusticia, DANE, ICBF, the Ombudsman’s Office, WHO, and PAHO. The findings reveal deficiencies in the implementation of maternal care policies, discriminatory practices, and barriers to accessing safe and humanized health services. It is concluded that, despite the existing legal framework, there remain tensions between the formal protection of rights and the lived realities of migrant women, highlighting the need to strengthen institutional strategies for the prevention, care, and sanction of obstetric violence in Colombia.
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Palabras clave
Violencia obstétrica, Derechos humanos, Parto digno, Migración venezolana, Marco jurídico colombiano
