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Obesidad Infantil: Un problema de pequeños que se está volviendo grande

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dc.contributor.authorChacín, Maricarmen
dc.contributor.authorCarrillo, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorRodríguez, Johel E.
dc.contributor.authorSalazar, Juan
dc.contributor.authorRojas, Joselyn
dc.contributor.authorAñez, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorAngarita, Lissé
dc.contributor.authorChaparro, Yudy
dc.contributor.authorMartínez, Magda
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Hazel
dc.contributor.authorReyna, Nadia
dc.contributor.authorHerazo Beltrán, Yaneth
dc.contributor.authorBermúdez, Valmore
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-10T17:25:15Z
dc.date.available2020-02-10T17:25:15Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractLa obesidad es una enfermedad crónica de comportamiento epidemiológico complejo que se origina de la interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales, entre los que destacan los patrones de alimentación y el consumo calórico diario, así como el grado de actividad física. Según la Organización Mundial para la Salud (OMS), la obesidad se define como una acumulación anormal y excesiva de grasa corporal. Para el diagnóstico de esta condición en niños y adolescentes se utilizan tablas diseñadas por la OMS que definen a un individuo con sobrepeso como aquel con un IMC superior al percentil 85 pero inferior al percentil 95, y con obesidad aquellos individuos con un IMC por encima del percentil 95 para una edad y sexo específicos. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños está en aumento en muchos países del orbe y pesar de ser un problema que ha sido estudiado sistemáticamente desde hace más de 40 años aún está lejos de ser resuelto, y contrariamente a lo que se cree, su mayor crecimiento e impacto está ocurriendo en los países pobres y en vías de desarrollo, así, en el ámbito mundial para el año 2018 el número de niños menores de 5 años con sobrepeso era de 38 millones, de los cuales, 27.2 millones vivían en Asia y África. Actualmente en las Américas 5.6 millones de niños son portadores de sobrepeso u obesidad, los cuales coexisten con un número aún importante de niños con desnutrición lo cual se conoce como “doble carga de la malnutrición y obesidad”, un hecho que forma parte del fenómeno de la transición nutricional. En Colombia la última encuesta nacional de nutrición ha reportado una prevalencia de exceso de peso de un 6.3% en niños menores de 5 años, un 24.4% en escolares y un 17.9% en adolescentes. Por su parte, en el Norte de Santander los estudios realizados sobre obesidad infantil son muy escasos y con tamaños de muestra reducidos, reportando que la prevalencia de sobrepeso se encuentra en un 23% y la de obesidad en un 17%, cifras que deben llamar la atención para la realización de estudios controlados y con marcos muestrales apropiados.spa
dc.description.abstractObesity is a chronic disease with a complex epidemiological behaviour originated from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, among which are the patterns of diet and daily caloric consumption, as well as the degree of physical activity. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is defined as an abnormal and excessive accumulation of body fat. For the diagnosis of this condition in children and adolescents, tables designed by the WHO define overweight as a BMI higher than the 85th percentile but lower than the 95th percentile, and obesity as those individuals with a BMI above of the 95th percentile for a specific age and sex. Overweight and childhood obesity is rising in many countries, and despite being a problem systematically studied for more than 40 years, it is still far from being solved. Contrary to generalised believing, the most significant impact in terms of prevalence is occurring in both poor and low-income countries. Thus, -in a global scope for 2018, the number of children with obesity under five years old was 38 million, of which 27.2 million lived in Asia and Africa. Currently, 5.6 million children are carriers of overweight or obesity in the Americas coexisting with a significant number of children with malnutrition as a part of the nutritional transition phenomenon. In Colombia, the latest national nutrition survey has reported 6.3% and an overall prevalence of “weight-excess” (Obesity + overweight) in children less than five years, 24.4% in schoolchildren and 17.9% in adolescents. On the other hand, in the North of Santander, studies on childhood obesity are both very scarce and with small sample sizes, reporting an overweight and obesity prevalence of 23% and 17% respectively, a landscape that should be a call of attention for conducting more controlled studies with an appropriate sampling frame.eng
dc.format.mimetypepdfspa
dc.identifier.issn18564550
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/4712
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherCooperativa servicios y suministros 212518 RSspa
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional*
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.sourceRevista Latinoamericana de Hipertensiónspa
dc.sourceVol. 14, Nº 5 (2019)spa
dc.source.urihttp://www.revhipertension.com/rlh_5_2019/16_obesidad_infantil_problema.pdfspa
dc.subjectObesidadspa
dc.subjectSobrepesospa
dc.subjectMalnutrición infantilspa
dc.subjectSíndrome metabólicospa
dc.subjectDiabetesspa
dc.subjectObesityeng
dc.subjectOverweighteng
dc.subjectInfant Malnutritioneng
dc.subjectMetabolic Syndromeeng
dc.titleObesidad Infantil: Un problema de pequeños que se está volviendo grandespa
dc.title.translatedChildhood Obesity: A Shorty´s problem becoming bigeng
dc.typearticlespa
dc.type.driverarticlespa
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