Factores que inciden en el manejo de residuos en consulta externa de una IPS de primer nivel
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Campo Robles, Natalia Carolina
De La Hoz Pantoja, Yuranis del Carmen
Ramírez Rodríguez, Sharid Michell
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
Uno de los principales problemas al que se enfrentan las IPS y salud pública es el tema de manejo y gestión de residuos; ya que se considera estos residuos y desechos biológicos como un riesgo de contaminación, que pueden producir además de un alto índice de morbilidad en los funcionarios, una contaminación ambiental en las comunidades aledañas a estas, por la forma final que manejen estos.
Los residuos deben ser desactivados en la IPS y luego ser tratados en plantas especializadas en manejo de residuos hospitalarios y que posean los permisos, autorizaciones o licencias ambientales correspondientes y reúnan las características técnicas determinadas por el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente. actualmente la normatividad en Colombia se ha modificado y aun cuando se denomina hospitalarios, en este servicio se maneja materia que se considera contaminado, y antes de poder hacer una mejora en el manejo de los residuos en consulta externa, deben establecerse definiciones consistentes y con base científica sobre que significa el término residuos hospitalarios y sus componentes, teniendo en cuenta que dentro de la IPS primer nivel se manejan los programas de Promoción de la salud, prevención y diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad, y que dentro de estos encontramos
actividades tales como la vacunación, toma de muestra de laboratorio sobre fluidos corporales , citologías y por otro lado en la atención de consulta externa se generan el uso de guantes, gasas, bajalenguas, material de curación, aplicación de medicamento parenterales entre otros, y de salas de urgencia y observación donde se reciben pacientes que ameritan ser valorados y atendidos con uso de materiales que terminan siendo contaminantes frente a la situación del paciente ( ejemplo pacientes con heridas).
One of the main problems faced by the IPS and public health is the issue of waste handling and management, since these residues and biological waste are considered as a risk of contamination, which can produce, in addition to a high rate of morbidity in the staff, environmental pollution in the surrounding communities, by the final form in which they are handled. The waste must be deactivated at the IPS and then treated in specialized hospital waste management plants that have the corresponding environmental permits, authorizations or licenses and meet the technical characteristics determined by the Ministry of the Environment. Currently the regulations in Colombia have been modified and even though it is called hospital waste, this service handles material that is considered contaminated, and before being able to improve the management of outpatient waste, consistent and scientifically based definitions must be established on what the term hospital waste and its components mean, taking into account that within the first level IPS the programs of health promotion, prevention and early diagnosis of the disease are managed, and that within these we find activities such as vaccination, laboratory sampling of body fluids, cytology, and on the other hand in outpatient care the use of gloves, gauze, tongue depressors, healing material, application of parenteral medication among others, and emergency and observation rooms where patients who need to be assessed and treated are received with materials that end up being pollutants in front of the patient's situation (e.g. patients with wounds).
One of the main problems faced by the IPS and public health is the issue of waste handling and management, since these residues and biological waste are considered as a risk of contamination, which can produce, in addition to a high rate of morbidity in the staff, environmental pollution in the surrounding communities, by the final form in which they are handled. The waste must be deactivated at the IPS and then treated in specialized hospital waste management plants that have the corresponding environmental permits, authorizations or licenses and meet the technical characteristics determined by the Ministry of the Environment. Currently the regulations in Colombia have been modified and even though it is called hospital waste, this service handles material that is considered contaminated, and before being able to improve the management of outpatient waste, consistent and scientifically based definitions must be established on what the term hospital waste and its components mean, taking into account that within the first level IPS the programs of health promotion, prevention and early diagnosis of the disease are managed, and that within these we find activities such as vaccination, laboratory sampling of body fluids, cytology, and on the other hand in outpatient care the use of gloves, gauze, tongue depressors, healing material, application of parenteral medication among others, and emergency and observation rooms where patients who need to be assessed and treated are received with materials that end up being pollutants in front of the patient's situation (e.g. patients with wounds).
Descripción
Palabras clave
Riesgo biológicos, Manejo de residuos, Disposición final de residuos, Contaminación ambiental, Biohazard, Waste management, Waste disposal, Environmental contamination
