Aplicación de la ley 1826 del año 2017 en los procesos de captura en situación de flagrancia en la URI Barranquilla 2020-2022
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Castro Cárdenas, Daniel Ricardo
Pérez Santos, Hoover Albeiro
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Como figura central dentro del proceso penal colombiano, ha experimentado cambios significativos a lo largo de los años, desde la Ley 600 del año 2000 hasta la implementación de la Ley 1826 de 2017. Este documento marca el inicio del juicio oral y es presentado por el fiscal ante el juez competente. La Ley 906 de 2004, en su artículo 336, establece los lineamientos para la presentación del escrito de acusación, requiriendo que se presente ante el juez competente cuando existan elementos materiales probatorios y evidencias físicas que indiquen con probabilidad de verdad la existencia de la conducta delictiva y la responsabilidad del imputado.
Con la entrada en vigor de la Ley 1826 en 2017, se realizaron modificaciones en los términos procesales, particularmente en casos de captura en situación de flagrancia, con el objetivo de agilizar los procedimientos y descongestionar los despachos judiciales. En la Unidad de Reacción Inmediata (URI) de Barranquilla, donde se llevan a cabo judicializaciones de ciudadanos capturados en flagrancia, se ha aplicado esta normativa. Sin embargo, se evidencian debilidades en su implementación, especialmente relacionadas con el tiempo limitado que tienen los fiscales para recolectar elementos probatorios, lo que puede llevar a la liberación de los indiciados si los actos urgentes no cumplen con los requisitos necesarios para sustentar la acusación. La tesis central del ensayo se enfoca en analizar las limitaciones en la aplicación de la Ley 1826 en los procedimientos de captura en flagrancia en la URI de Barranquilla durante el periodo 2020-2022. Se describen los casos y delitos señalados por esta ley que requieren que el fiscal presente el escrito de acusación en la etapa inicial del proceso penal. Se destaca la importancia de distinguir entre un proceso penal abreviado y uno ordinario, ya que el escrito de acusación representa el inicio de la etapa de juicio y es fundamental para el procesamiento de una persona señalada de cometer un delito.
As a central figure within the Colombian criminal process, it has undergone significant changes over the years, from Law 600 of 2000 to the implementation of Law 1826 of 2017. This document marks the beginning of the oral trial and is presented by the prosecutor before the competent judge. Law 906 of 2004, in its article 336, establishes the guidelines for the presentation of the indictment, requiring it to be presented before the competent judge when there is evidence and physical evidence indicating, with a probability of truth, the existence of the criminal conduct and the responsibility of the defendant. With the entry into force of Law 1826 in 2017, modifications were made to procedural terms, particularly in cases of capture in flagrante delicto, with the aim of expediting procedures and relieving judicial offices. In the Immediate Reaction Unit (URI) of Barranquilla, where judicial processes of citizens captured in flagrante delicto are conducted, this regulation has been applied. However, weaknesses in its implementation are evident, especially related to the limited time that prosecutors have to collect evidence, which may lead to the release of the accused if urgent acts do not meet the necessary requirements to support the accusation. The central thesis of the essay focuses on analyzing the limitations in the application of Law 1826 in flagrante delicto capture procedures in the URI of Barranquilla during the period 2020-2022. The cases and crimes indicated by this law that require the prosecutor to present the indictment in the initial stage of the criminal process are described. The importance of distinguishing between an abbreviated criminal process and an ordinary one is highlighted, as the indictment represents the beginning of the trial stage and is fundamental for the prosecution of a person accused of committing a crime.
As a central figure within the Colombian criminal process, it has undergone significant changes over the years, from Law 600 of 2000 to the implementation of Law 1826 of 2017. This document marks the beginning of the oral trial and is presented by the prosecutor before the competent judge. Law 906 of 2004, in its article 336, establishes the guidelines for the presentation of the indictment, requiring it to be presented before the competent judge when there is evidence and physical evidence indicating, with a probability of truth, the existence of the criminal conduct and the responsibility of the defendant. With the entry into force of Law 1826 in 2017, modifications were made to procedural terms, particularly in cases of capture in flagrante delicto, with the aim of expediting procedures and relieving judicial offices. In the Immediate Reaction Unit (URI) of Barranquilla, where judicial processes of citizens captured in flagrante delicto are conducted, this regulation has been applied. However, weaknesses in its implementation are evident, especially related to the limited time that prosecutors have to collect evidence, which may lead to the release of the accused if urgent acts do not meet the necessary requirements to support the accusation. The central thesis of the essay focuses on analyzing the limitations in the application of Law 1826 in flagrante delicto capture procedures in the URI of Barranquilla during the period 2020-2022. The cases and crimes indicated by this law that require the prosecutor to present the indictment in the initial stage of the criminal process are described. The importance of distinguishing between an abbreviated criminal process and an ordinary one is highlighted, as the indictment represents the beginning of the trial stage and is fundamental for the prosecution of a person accused of committing a crime.
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Palabras clave
Proceso penal, Captura en flagrancia, Procedimientos judiciales, Limitaciones, Juicio oral, Elementos materiales probatorios, Delitos, Pruebas, Criminal process, Capture in flagrante delicto, Judicial procedures, Limitations, Oral trial, Material evidence, Crimes, Evidence