Factores de riesgos psicosociales que enfrentan los trabajadores humanitarios en el contexto transfronterizo en Norte de Santander
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Parra Diaz, Esthefany
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Este estudio analiza los factores de riesgo psicosocial que afectan a los trabajadores humanitarios en Norte de Santander, una región marcada por el conflicto, la migración y una alta demanda de asistencia humanitaria. Mediante un enfoque fenomenológico cualitativo, se exploraron las experiencias de once profesionales de ONG que brindan atención directa en la región. Estos riesgos se categorizan en tres dimensiones: personal, organizacional y familiar. A nivel personal, los participantes experimentaron agotamiento emocional, ansiedad y dificultades para gestionar la carga emocional asociada a su trabajo. En el ámbito organizacional, prevalecieron las culturas laborales rígidas, el liderazgo autoritario, la ambigüedad de roles y la falta de políticas de cuidado sostenidas. En el ámbito familiar, los trabajadores enfrentaron tensiones, aislamiento y dificultades para
conciliar la vida laboral y personal. Si bien algunos participantes cuentan con redes de apoyo, estas suelen ser insuficientes y carecen de respaldo institucional. Los
hallazgos subrayan la urgente necesidad de que las organizaciones humanitarias diseñen e implementen políticas integrales de bienestar que aborden las necesidades emocionales de su personal y refuercen factores de protección como el autocuidado, el apoyo institucional y la contención emocional.
This study analyzes the psychosocial risk factors affecting humanitarian workers in Norte de Santander, a region marked by conflict, migration, and a high demand for humanitarian assistance. Through a qualitative phenomenological approach, the experiences of eleven NGO professionals providing direct care in the region were explored. These risks are categorized into three dimensions: personal, organizational, and familial. At the personal level, participants experienced emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and difficulties managing the emotional burden associated with their work. Within the organizational sphere, rigid workplace cultures, authoritarian leadership, role ambiguity, and a lack of sustained care policies prevailed. In the family domain, workers faced tensions, isolation, and difficulties balancing work and personal life. While some participants have support networks, these are often insufficient and lack institutional backing. The findings underscore the urgent need for humanitarian organizations to design and implement comprehensive well-being policies that address the emotional needs of their staff and strengthen protective factors such as self-care, institutional support, and emotional containment
This study analyzes the psychosocial risk factors affecting humanitarian workers in Norte de Santander, a region marked by conflict, migration, and a high demand for humanitarian assistance. Through a qualitative phenomenological approach, the experiences of eleven NGO professionals providing direct care in the region were explored. These risks are categorized into three dimensions: personal, organizational, and familial. At the personal level, participants experienced emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and difficulties managing the emotional burden associated with their work. Within the organizational sphere, rigid workplace cultures, authoritarian leadership, role ambiguity, and a lack of sustained care policies prevailed. In the family domain, workers faced tensions, isolation, and difficulties balancing work and personal life. While some participants have support networks, these are often insufficient and lack institutional backing. The findings underscore the urgent need for humanitarian organizations to design and implement comprehensive well-being policies that address the emotional needs of their staff and strengthen protective factors such as self-care, institutional support, and emotional containment
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Palabras clave
Psicosocial, Humanitario, Desgaste, Emocional, Intervención
