Alternativas para mejorar la eficiencia en Bancos de Alimentos: Una revisión sistemática para alcanzar el ODS 2, Meta 1
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Amell Fontalvo, Sebastián José
Bocanegra Alzate, Yuleidys Mildreth
Camacho Romero, Camilo Andrés
Diaz Castro, Ronald Enrique
Molina Andrades, Angie Paola
Morales Sánchez, Vanessa De Jesús
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Este proyecto de revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo principal analizar alternativas para mejorar la eficiencia en Bancos de Alimentos, con el fin, de alcanzar el ODS 2
Hambre Cero y la Meta 1 de Acceso Universal a Alimentos Seguros y Nutricionales. Para lograr este objetivo, se ha realizado una búsqueda exhaustiva de información en fuentes como Scopus, Scielo, Bonga, Open access journals, documentos institucionales y data sets de organizaciones como Abaco, Banco de alimentos de Bogotá y el Global FundBanking Network (GFN). Según cifras de la ONU, se espera que el número de personas afectadas por el hambre supere los 840 millones de personas para 2030. Esta es una problemática social de gran magnitud que requiere ser tratada con seriedad. En este sentido, se ha revisado la literatura existente sobre la eficiencia en los Bancos de Alimentos, identificando las principales áreas de mejora y las soluciones tecnológicas disponibles para mejorar la gestión de la cadena de suministro, la operación logística, la distribución de alimentos y la gestión de inventarios. Para contextualizar la importancia de este tema, se han utilizado estadísticas del problema de la inseguridad alimentaria a nivel global y nacional, según la FAO (FAO; IFAD; WHO; UNICEF, PMA, 2022), “Hasta 828 millones de personas han padecido hambre en 2021: 46 millones de personas más que el año anterior y 150 millones más que en 2019. Tras permanecer relativamente sin cambios desde 2015, el porcentaje de personas afectadas por el hambre se disparó en 2020 y siguió aumentando en 2021, hasta alcanzar el 9,8 % de la población mundial, frente a los porcentajes del 8 % registrado en 2019 y el 9,3 % en 2020”, la pandemia de COVID-19 ha agravado la inseguridad alimentaria en todo el mundo, especialmente en los países más pobres y vulnerables. La prevalencia de la inseguridad alimentaria moderada o grave en la población total de Colombia fue del 35,2% en promedio durante tres años. La promoción de la agricultura sostenible y la mejora de la infraestructura son algunas de las medidas que los gobiernos y organizaciones están tomando para combatir la inseguridad alimentaria. Es importante destacar que los Bancos y Redes de Alimentos han tenido un papel fundamental en la lucha contra la inseguridad alimentaria, especialmente antes y después de la pandemia de COVID-19. Según un estudio reciente (Capodistrias, Szulecka, Corciolani, & Strom-Andersen, 2022), muestra que los Bancos de Alimentos europeos pudieron distribuir más alimentos durante la pandemia, a pesar de la reducción del flujo de alimentos debido al confinamiento. En Colombia, los 24 Bancos de Alimentos de la Red cubrieron el 51% de la población en nivel Grave de Inseguridad Alimentaria en 2021, lo que destaca su resiliencia y capacidad para mejorar.
The main objective of this systematic review project is to analyze alternatives to improve efficiency in Food Banks, in order to achieve SDG 2 Zero Hunger and Goal 1 of Universal Access to Safe and Nutritional Food. To achieve this objective, an exhaustive search for information has been carried out in sources such as Scopus, Scielo, Bonga, Open access journals, institutional documents and data sets from organizations such as Abaco, Bogotá Food Bank and the Global FundBanking Network (GFN). According to UN figures, the number of people affected by hunger is expected to exceed 840 million people by 2030. This is a large-scale social problem that needs to be treated seriously. In this sense, the existing literature on efficiency in Food Banks has been reviewed, identifying the main areas of improvement and the technological solutions available to improve supply chain management, logistics operation, food distribution and inventory management. To contextualize the importance of this issue, statistics on the problem of food insecurity at the global and national level have been used, according to the FAO (FAO; IFAD; WHO; UNICEF, WFP, 2022), “Up to 828 million people have suffered from hunger.” in 2021: 46 million more people than the previous year and 150 million more than in 2019. After remaining relatively unchanged since 2015, the percentage of people affected by hunger skyrocketed in 2020 and continued to increase in 2021, reaching 9 .8% of the world's population, compared to 8% in 2019 and 9.3% in 2020", the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened food insecurity around the world, especially in the poorest countries and vulnerable. The prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the total population of Colombia was 35.2% on average over three years. Promoting sustainable agriculture and improving infrastructure are some of the measures that governments and organizations are taking to combat food insecurity. It is important to highlight that Food Banks and Networks have played a fundamental role in the fight against food insecurity, especially before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. According to a recent study (Capodistrias, Szulecka, Corciolani, & Strom- Andersen, 2022), it shows that European Food Banks were able to distribute more food during the pandemic, despite the reduced flow of food due to confinement. In Colombia, the 24 Food Banks of the Network covered 51% of the population at a Severe level of Food Insecurity in 2021, which highlights their resilience and capacity to improve.
The main objective of this systematic review project is to analyze alternatives to improve efficiency in Food Banks, in order to achieve SDG 2 Zero Hunger and Goal 1 of Universal Access to Safe and Nutritional Food. To achieve this objective, an exhaustive search for information has been carried out in sources such as Scopus, Scielo, Bonga, Open access journals, institutional documents and data sets from organizations such as Abaco, Bogotá Food Bank and the Global FundBanking Network (GFN). According to UN figures, the number of people affected by hunger is expected to exceed 840 million people by 2030. This is a large-scale social problem that needs to be treated seriously. In this sense, the existing literature on efficiency in Food Banks has been reviewed, identifying the main areas of improvement and the technological solutions available to improve supply chain management, logistics operation, food distribution and inventory management. To contextualize the importance of this issue, statistics on the problem of food insecurity at the global and national level have been used, according to the FAO (FAO; IFAD; WHO; UNICEF, WFP, 2022), “Up to 828 million people have suffered from hunger.” in 2021: 46 million more people than the previous year and 150 million more than in 2019. After remaining relatively unchanged since 2015, the percentage of people affected by hunger skyrocketed in 2020 and continued to increase in 2021, reaching 9 .8% of the world's population, compared to 8% in 2019 and 9.3% in 2020", the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened food insecurity around the world, especially in the poorest countries and vulnerable. The prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the total population of Colombia was 35.2% on average over three years. Promoting sustainable agriculture and improving infrastructure are some of the measures that governments and organizations are taking to combat food insecurity. It is important to highlight that Food Banks and Networks have played a fundamental role in the fight against food insecurity, especially before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. According to a recent study (Capodistrias, Szulecka, Corciolani, & Strom- Andersen, 2022), it shows that European Food Banks were able to distribute more food during the pandemic, despite the reduced flow of food due to confinement. In Colombia, the 24 Food Banks of the Network covered 51% of the population at a Severe level of Food Insecurity in 2021, which highlights their resilience and capacity to improve.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Eficiencia de Bancos de Alimentos, Gestión de la cadena de suministro, Operación logística, Inseguridad alimentaria, Food Bank Efficiency, Supply chain management, Logistics operation, Food insecurity