Plasma cytokines as potential biomarkers of kidney damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
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Fecha
2018-11
Autores
Pacheco-Lugo, L
Sáenz-García, J
Navarro Quiroz, E
González Torres, H
Fang, L
Díaz-Olmos, Y
Garavito de Egea, G
Egea Bermejo, E
Aroca Martínez, G
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Editor
Sage Publising
Resumen
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory autoimmune
disorder characterized by an exacerbated expression of cytokines and chemokines in
different tissues and organs. Renal involvement is a significant contributor to the morbidity
and mortality of systemic lupus erythematosus, and its diagnosis is based on renal biopsy,
an invasive procedure with a high risk of complications. Therefore, the development of
alternative, non-invasive diagnostic tests for kidney disease in patients with systemic lupus
erythematosus is a priority. Aim: To evaluate the plasma levels of a panel of cytokines and
chemokines using multiplex xMAP technology in a cohort of Colombian patients with active
and inactive systemic lupus erythematosus, and to evaluate their potential as biomarkers of
renal involvement. Results: Plasma from 40 systemic lupus erythematosus non-nephritis
patients and 80 lupus nephritis patients with different levels of renal involvement were analyzed
for 39 cytokines using Luminex xMAP technology. Lupus nephritis patients had significantly
increased plasma eotaxin, TNF-a, interleukin-17-a, interleukin-10, and interleukin-15
as compared to the systemic lupus erythematosus non-nephritis group. Macrophage-derived
chemokine, growth regulated oncogene alpha, and epidermal growth factor were significantly
elevated in systemic lupus erythematosus non-nephritis patients when compared to lupus
nephritis individuals. Plasma eotaxin levels allowed a discrimination between systemic lupus
erythematosus non-nephritis and lupus nephritis patients, for which we performed a receiver
operating characteristic curve to confirm. We observed a correlation of eotaxin levels with
active nephritis (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index). Our data indicate
that circulating cytokines and chemokines could be considered good predictors of renal
involvement in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Palabras clave
Biomarkers, Cytokines, Eotaxin, Lupus nephritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus