Resultados de un programa de trasplante renal en una clínica de la región caribe – 2019 a 2022
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Moran Marín, Leinad Yamile
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
El trasplante renal es una opción de tratamiento efectiva y, en muchos casos, la mejor alternativa para pacientes con enfermedad renal en etapa terminal. Sin embargo, aún enfrenta desafíos significativos que deben abordarse para mejorar la calidad de vida y la supervivencia de los receptores de trasplantes. Por lo tanto, los programas de seguimiento para estos pacientes renales son esenciales.
Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de un programa de trasplante renal en una clínica en la Región Caribe Colombiana entre los años 2019 y 2022.
Métodos: El estudio utilizó un enfoque de cohorte analítica, resumiendo variables con medias o medianas según la normalidad. Las variables categóricas se describieron utilizando frecuencias. Las pruebas estadísticas incluyeron la prueba t de Student, la prueba de Wilcox, la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para medianas de GFR y las pruebas de Fisher o Chi-cuadrado para variables categóricas. El análisis de Kaplan-Meier estimó la supervivencia del injerto por tipo de donante. La significancia se estableció en p<0.05. El software R-CRAN versión 4.3.2 se realizaron los análisis estadísticos.
Resultados: Se siguieron 164 participantes en un programa de trasplante renal, el 62% eran hombres, con hipertensión como comorbilidad predominante (77%) y diabetes tipo 2 en el 16%. Las principales enfermedades renales primarias fueron Nefroangiosclerosis (NAH) en un 20% y Nefropatía Diabética (DN) en un 16%. Los trasplantes se distribuyeron equitativamente entre donantes cadavéricos (49%) y vivos (51%). Las tasas de pérdida de injertos y mortalidad fueron del 8.5% y 2.4%, respectivamente.
Kidney transplantation is an effective treatment option and, in many cases, the best option for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, it still faces significant challenges that need to be addressed to improve the quality of life and survival of transplant recipients. Therefore, follow-up programs for these renal patients are essential. Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of a kidney transplant program in a clinic in the Colombian Caribbean Region between the years 2019 and 2022. Methods: The study employed an analytical cohort approach, summarizing variables with means or medians based on normality. Categorical variables were described using frequencies. Statistical tests included Student's t-test, Wilcox test, Kruskal-Wallis test for GFR medians, and Fisher or Chi-square tests for categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated graft survival by donor type. Significance was set at p<0.05. R-CRAN software version 4.3.2 facilitated statistical analyses. Results: In a study involving 164 participants in a kidney transplant program, 62% were male, with hypertension as the predominant comorbidity (77%) and type 2 diabetes in 16%. The leading primary kidney diseases were Nephroangiosclerosis (NAH) at 20% and Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) at 16%. Transplants were evenly split between cadaveric (49%) and living donors (51%). Graft loss and mortality rates were 8.5% and 2.4%, respectively.
Kidney transplantation is an effective treatment option and, in many cases, the best option for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, it still faces significant challenges that need to be addressed to improve the quality of life and survival of transplant recipients. Therefore, follow-up programs for these renal patients are essential. Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of a kidney transplant program in a clinic in the Colombian Caribbean Region between the years 2019 and 2022. Methods: The study employed an analytical cohort approach, summarizing variables with means or medians based on normality. Categorical variables were described using frequencies. Statistical tests included Student's t-test, Wilcox test, Kruskal-Wallis test for GFR medians, and Fisher or Chi-square tests for categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated graft survival by donor type. Significance was set at p<0.05. R-CRAN software version 4.3.2 facilitated statistical analyses. Results: In a study involving 164 participants in a kidney transplant program, 62% were male, with hypertension as the predominant comorbidity (77%) and type 2 diabetes in 16%. The leading primary kidney diseases were Nephroangiosclerosis (NAH) at 20% and Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) at 16%. Transplants were evenly split between cadaveric (49%) and living donors (51%). Graft loss and mortality rates were 8.5% and 2.4%, respectively.
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Trasplante renal, Donantes vivos, Donación de fallecidos, Programa de trasplantes, Región Caribe Colombiana, Kidney transplantation, Living donors, Deceased donation, Transplant program, Colombian Caribbean Region
