Diseño de un programa de educación para la promoción de estilos de vida saludables en niños, niñas y adolescentes de las escuelas públicas del sur de la Guajira
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2021
Authors
Rivera Sierra, José
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Abstract
Antecedentes: Las investigaciones en el sur de la Guajira, han generado
propuestas de intervención para el fomento de estilos de vida saludables en
población infantil y adolescente. Las intervenciones se centran en generar cambios
en el estilo de vida, las actividades físicas y el estado nutricional. En este sentido,
se espera que los niños, niñas y adolescente aumenten la ingesta de alimentos
frescos, reduzcan el consumo excesivo de alimentos azucarados, y disminuyan las
horas de actividades sedentarias. Scaglioni et al. (2018), exponen la necesidad de
crear los programas de promoción, ya que se han examinado los factores relevantes
que intervienen en la creación de las preferencias y conductas alimentarias, para
gestionar la nutrición con fines preventivos. Es fundamental que los programas de
promoción comprendan actividades educativas para que la población de estudio se
sienta motivada a mejorar su estilo de vida. Asimismo, las escuelas se han
convertido en una figura clave para la promoción de intervenciones en salud y
malnutrición (en sus aspectos: desnutrición y obesidad, según Buttha et al. 2017),
llevando el desarrollo de una conciencia crítica para la construcción y promoción de
una dieta saludable, la actividad física y el seguimiento del estado nutricional en la
infancia y la adolescencia (Schneid et al. (2017).
Objetivos: Diseñar un Programa de Educación en Salud para la promoción de
estilos de vida saludables en niños, niñas y adolescentes de las escuelas públicas
del Sur de la Guajira.
Materiales y Métodos: La investigación propuesta es de tipo mixto, se aplicó un
diseño de triangulación concurrente. De esta manera, se realizó un análisis
documental de los PEI de 5 escuelas del Sur de la Guajira. La información obtenida
fue procesada con el Software ATLAS. TI. Posteriormente se aplicaron las
encuestas a miembros de la escuela que participaron voluntariamente en la
investigación.
Resultados: Se dio coincidencia entre lo encontrado en el análisis documental de
los PEI de las escuelas públicas y los resultados de la encuesta aplicadas a los
participantes. La escuela no reconoce la importancia de la actividad física, a pesar
de contar con el espacio físico para desarrollarlas. No están contempladas las
acciones de promoción, además, no se encuentran establecidas dentro de los
lineamientos curriculares y formativos.
Conclusiones: Se puede concluir finalmente que, la educación en salud y la
promoción de estilos de vida saludables son aspectos claramente no considerados
y/o contemplados en las escuelas públicas del sur de la Guajira. De esta manera,
las escuelas pueden convertirse en una figura clave para la promoción de estilos de
vida saludable en los aspectos de: intervención en salud y realización de actividades
físicas, generando una conciencia crítica para la construcción y promoción de una
dieta saludable, la actividad física y el seguimiento del estado nutricional de los
educandos.
Background: Research in sur de la Guajira has generated intervention proposals for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in the child and adolescent population. Interventions focus on generating changes in lifestyle, physical activities and nutritional status. In this sense, children and adolescents are expected to increase the intake of fresh foods, reduce the excessive consumption of sugary foods, and reduce the hours of sedentary activities. Scaglioni et al. (2018), expound the need to create the promotion programs, as they have examined the relevant factors involved in creating food preferences and behaviors, to manage nutrition for preventive purposes. It is essential that promotion programs include educational activities to motivate the study population to improve their lifestyles. Likewise, schools have become a key figure for the promotion of health and malnutrition interventions (in its aspects: malnutrition and obesity, according to Buttha et al. 2017), leading the development of a critical awareness for the construction and promotion of a healthy diet, physical activity and monitoring of nutritional status in childhood and adolescence (Schneid et al. (2017). Objective: Design a Health Education Program for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in children and adolescents of the public schools of Sur de la Guajira. Materials and Methods: The proposed research is of a mixed type, a concurrent triangulation design was applied. Thus, a documentary analysis of the PEI of 5 schools in the Sur de la Guajira was carried out. The information obtained was processed with the ATLAS. TI SOFTWARE. Subsequently, the surveys were applied to school members who voluntarily participated in the research. Results: There was coincidence between what was found in the documentary analysis of the PEI of the public schools and the results of the survey applied to the participants. The school does not recognize the importance of physical activity, despite having the physical space to develop them. Promotion actions are not contemplated, and they are not established within the curricular and formative guidelines. Conclusions: Finally, it can be concluded that health education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles are aspects that are clearly not considered and/or contemplated in public schools in Sur de La Guajira. In this way, schools can become a key figure for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in the aspects of: health intervention and physical activities, generating a critical awareness for the construction and promotion of a healthy diet, physical activity and monitoring of the nutritional status of students.
Background: Research in sur de la Guajira has generated intervention proposals for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in the child and adolescent population. Interventions focus on generating changes in lifestyle, physical activities and nutritional status. In this sense, children and adolescents are expected to increase the intake of fresh foods, reduce the excessive consumption of sugary foods, and reduce the hours of sedentary activities. Scaglioni et al. (2018), expound the need to create the promotion programs, as they have examined the relevant factors involved in creating food preferences and behaviors, to manage nutrition for preventive purposes. It is essential that promotion programs include educational activities to motivate the study population to improve their lifestyles. Likewise, schools have become a key figure for the promotion of health and malnutrition interventions (in its aspects: malnutrition and obesity, according to Buttha et al. 2017), leading the development of a critical awareness for the construction and promotion of a healthy diet, physical activity and monitoring of nutritional status in childhood and adolescence (Schneid et al. (2017). Objective: Design a Health Education Program for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in children and adolescents of the public schools of Sur de la Guajira. Materials and Methods: The proposed research is of a mixed type, a concurrent triangulation design was applied. Thus, a documentary analysis of the PEI of 5 schools in the Sur de la Guajira was carried out. The information obtained was processed with the ATLAS. TI SOFTWARE. Subsequently, the surveys were applied to school members who voluntarily participated in the research. Results: There was coincidence between what was found in the documentary analysis of the PEI of the public schools and the results of the survey applied to the participants. The school does not recognize the importance of physical activity, despite having the physical space to develop them. Promotion actions are not contemplated, and they are not established within the curricular and formative guidelines. Conclusions: Finally, it can be concluded that health education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles are aspects that are clearly not considered and/or contemplated in public schools in Sur de La Guajira. In this way, schools can become a key figure for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in the aspects of: health intervention and physical activities, generating a critical awareness for the construction and promotion of a healthy diet, physical activity and monitoring of the nutritional status of students.
Description
Keywords
Promoción de estilos de vida saludables, Educación en salud, Niños, Niñas, Adolescentes, Promotion of healthy lifestyles, health education, children, Adolescents
