Metabolic Adverse Effects of Psychotropic Drug Therapy: A Systematic Review

datacite.rightshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.contributor.authorSepúlveda-Lizcano, Lizeth
dc.contributor.authorArenas-Villamizar, Vivian Vanessa
dc.contributor.authorJaimes Duarte, Enna Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Pacheco, Henry
dc.contributor.authorSilva Paredes, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorBermudez, Valmore
dc.contributor.authorRivera-Porras, Diego
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-16T17:04:55Z
dc.date.available2025-01-16T17:04:55Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractThis review aimed to investigate the metabolic alterations associated with psychopharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, which can significantly impact patients’ physical health and overall quality of life. The study utilized the PRISMA methodology and included cross-sectional, retrospective studies, and randomized clinical trials from reputable databases like SCOPUS, CLARIVATE, SCIENCE DIRECT, and PUBMED. Out of the 64 selected studies, various psychotropic drug classes were analyzed, including antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics. Among the antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, Imipramine, and clomipramine, weight gain, constipation, and cardiovascular effects were the most commonly reported metabolic adverse effects. SSRI antidepressants like Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, and Paroxetine exhibited a high prevalence of gastrointestinal and cardiac alterations. Regarding anticonvulsants, valproic acid and Fosphenytoin were associated with adverse reactions such as weight gain and disturbances in appetite and sleep patterns. As for antipsychotics, drugs like Clozapine, Olanzapine, and Risperidone were linked to weight gain, diabetes, and deterioration of the lipid profile. The findings of this review emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring for adverse effects, particularly considering that the metabolic changes caused by psychopharmacological medications may vary depending on the age of the patients. Future research should focus on conducting field studies to further expand knowledge on the metabolic effects of other commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs. Overall, the study highlights the significance of understanding and managing metabolic alterations induced by psychopharmacological treatment to enhance patient care and well-being.eng
dc.format.mimetypepdf
dc.identifier.citationSepúlveda-Lizcano, L., Arenas-Villamizar, V. V., Jaimes-Duarte, E. B., García-Pacheco, H., Paredes, C. S., Bermúdez, V., & Rivera-Porras, D. (2023). Metabolic Adverse Effects of Psychotropic Drug Therapy: A Systematic Review. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 13(8), 1505-1520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080110eng
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080110
dc.identifier.issn22549625 (Electrónico)
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12442/16100
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPIeng
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United Stateseng
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/
dc.subject.keywordsMetabolismeng
dc.subject.keywordsPsychopharmacological treatmenteng
dc.subject.keywordsAntidepressantseng
dc.subject.keywordsAnticonvulsantseng
dc.subject.keywordsAntipsychoticseng
dc.titleMetabolic Adverse Effects of Psychotropic Drug Therapy: A Systematic Revieweng
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.spaArtículo científico
dcterms.referencesRojas, E.; Castro, A.; Manzano, A.; Suárez, M.K.; Lameda, V.; Carrasquero, R.; Nava, M.; Bermúdez, V. Diagnostic Criteria and Management of Metabolic Syndrome: Evolution Overtime. Gac. Medica Caracas 2021, 128, 480–504.eng
dcterms.referencesMoreira, F.P.; Jansen, K.; Cardoso, T.D.A.; Mondin, T.C.; Magalhães, P.V.; Kapczinski, F.; Souza, L.D.M.; da Silva, R.A.; Oses, J.P.; Wiener, C.D. Metabolic Syndrome and Psychiatric Disorders: A Population-Based Study. Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr. 2019, 41, 38–43.eng
dcterms.referencesTubbs, A.S.; Khader, W.; Fernandez, F.; Grandner, M.A. The Common Denominators of Sleep, Obesity, and Psychopathology. Curr. Opin. Psychol. 2020, 34, 84–88.eng
dcterms.referencesSugai, T.; Suzuki, Y.; Yamazaki, M.; Shimoda, K.; Mori, T.; Ozeki, Y.; Matsuda, H.; Sugawara, N.; Yasui-Furukori, N.; Minami, Y.; et al. High Prevalence of Obesity, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Outpatients with Schizophrenia: A Nationwide Survey. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0166429.eng
dcterms.referencesZimmet, P.; Alberti, K.G.M.M.; Shaw, J. Global and Societal Implications of the Diabetes Epidemic. Nature 2001, 414, 782–787.eng
dcterms.referencesDomecq, J.P.; Prutsky, G.; Leppin, A.; Sonbol, M.B.; Altayar, O.; Undavalli, C.; Wang, Z.; Elraiyah, T.; Brito, J.P.; Mauck, K.F.; et al. Drugs Commonly Associated with Weight Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2015, 100, 363–370.eng
dcterms.referencesWang, H.H.; Lee, D.K.; Liu, M.; Portincasa, P.; Wang, D.Q.H. Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Nutr. 2015, 23, 189.eng
dcterms.referencesNúñez-Cortés, J.M.; Mantilla Morató, T.; Toro, R.; Millán Pérez, J.; Mangas Rojas, A.; Ascaso, J.; Civeira, F.; Mostaza, J.M.; Pintó, X.; Valdivielso, P. Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Clinical Phenotype “Hypertriglyceridemic Waist”. Nutr. Hosp. 2015, 241, e172.eng
dcterms.referencesAbosi, O.; Lopes, S.; Schmitz, S.; Fiedorowicz, J.G. Cardiometabolic Effects of Psychotropic Medications. Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig. Gruyter 2018, 36.eng
dcterms.referencesPage, M.J.; McKenzie, J.E.; Bossuyt, P.M.; Boutron, I.; Hoffmann, T.C.; Mulrow, C.D.; Shamseer, L.; Tetzlaff, J.M.; Akl, E.A.; Brennan, S.E.; et al. The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews. BMJ 2021, 372, n71.eng
dcterms.referencesRakitin, A.; Eglit, T.; Kõks, S.; Lember, M.; Haldre, S. Comparison of the Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Valproate-Treated Patients with Epilepsy and the General Population in Estonia. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e103856.eng
dcterms.referencesDelacrétaz, A.; Glatard, A.; Dubath, C.; Gholam, M.; Gamma, F.; von Gunten, A.; Conus, P.; Eap, C.B. Valproate Is Associated with Early Decrease of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in the Psychiatric Population. Basic. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 2021, 129, 26–35.eng
dcterms.referencesGomis, R. Presentation: The Threat of Metabolic Change. Span. J. Cardiol. 2008, 8 (Suppl. SC), 1.eng
dcterms.referencesSteffens, D.C.; Wei, J.; Krishnan, K.R.R.; Karoly, E.D.; Mitchell, M.W.; O’Connor, C.M.; Kaddurah-Daouk, R. Metabolomic Differences in Heart Failure Patients with and without Major Depression. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 2010, 23, 138–146.eng
dcterms.referencesRajjo, T.; Mohammed, K.; Alsawas, M.; Ahmed, A.T.; Farah, W.; Asi, N.; Almasri, J.; Prokop, L.J.; Murad, M.H. Treatment of Pediatric Obesity: An Umbrella Systematic Review. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2017, 102, 763–775.eng
dcterms.referencesde San, H.; de Bogotá, J.; Septiembre, D.C.; Jerónimo, C.; Sánchez, V.; Pablo, J.; Chacón, M.; Tovar Cortés, H.; De, H.; José, S.; et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients attending the internal medicine outpatient clinic. Rev. Repert. Med. Y Cirugía 2011, 20, 93–102.eng
dcterms.referencesAlalwan, A.A.; Friedman, J.; Alfayez, O.; Hartzema, A. Drug Absorption in Bariatric Surgery Patients: A Narrative Review. Health Sci. Rep. 2022, 5, e605.eng
dcterms.referencesHinnouho, G.M.; Singh-Manoux, A.; Gueguen, A.; Matta, J.; Lemogne, C.; Goldberg, M.; Zins, M.; Czernichow, S. Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Depressive Symptoms: 16-Year Follow-up of the Gazel Cohort Study. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0174678.eng
dcterms.referencesPiña, I.L.; di Palo, K.E.; Ventura, H.O. Psychopharmacology and Cardiovascular Disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2018, 71, 2346–2359.eng
dcterms.referencesChen, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, N.; Sun, W.; Yang, Y.; Zhao, M. Relationship between Gut Microbiome Characteristics and the Effect of Nutritional Therapy on Glycemic Control in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0267045.eng
dcterms.referencesLaaboub, N.; Dubath, C.; Ranjbar, S.; Sibailly, G.; Grosu, C.; Piras, M.; Délessert, D.; Richard-Lepouriel, H.; Ansermot, N.; Crettol, S.; et al. Insomnia Disorders Are Associated with Increased Cardiometabolic Disturbances and Death Risks from Cardiovascular Diseases in Psychiatric Patients Treated with Weight-Gain-Inducing Psychotropic Drugs: Results from a Swiss Cohort. BMC Psychiatry 2022, 22, 342.eng
dcterms.referencesWolff, J.; Reißner, P.; Hefner, G.; Normann, C.; Kaier, K.; Binder, H.; Hiemke, C.; Toto, S.; Domschke, K.; Marschollek, M.; et al. Pharmacotherapy, Drug-Drug Interactions and Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Depressive Disorders. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0255192.eng
dcterms.referencesUlrich, S.; Ricken, R.; Adli, M. Tranylcypromine in Mind (Part I): Review of Pharmacology. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2017, 27, 697–713.eng
dcterms.referencesPárraga Martínez, I.; López-Torres Hidalgo, J.; Del Campo, J.M.; Villena Ferrer, A.; Morena Rayo, S.; Escobar Rabadán, F. Monitoring Adherence to Antidepressant Treatment in Patients Initiating Antidepressant Treatment. Aten. Primaria 2014, 46, 357–366.eng
dcterms.referencesMorriss, R.; Tyrer, F.; Zaccardi, F.; Khunti, K. Safety of Anti-depressants in a Primary Care Cohort of Adults with Obesity and Depression. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0245722.eng
dcterms.referencesPagán-Busigó, J.E.; López-Carrasquillo, J.; Appleyard, C.B.; Torres-Reverón, A. Beyond Depression and Anxiety; a Systematic Review about the Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists in Diseases of the Pelvic and Abdominal Organs. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0264909.eng
dcterms.referencesCriado, K.K.; Sharp, W.G.; McCracken, C.E.; de Vinck-Baroody, O.; Dong, L.; Aman, M.G.; McDougle, C.J.; McCracken, J.T.; Eugene Arnold, L.; Weitzman, C.; et al. Overweight and Obese Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Disruptive Behavior. Autism 2018, 22, 450–459.eng
dcterms.referencesKhuda, I.E.; Nazish, S.; Zeeshan, M.A.; Shariff, E.; Aljaafari, D.; Alabdali, M. It Is Illegal to Post This Copyrighted PDF on Any Website. Non-HDL Cholesterol, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome in Epileptic Patients. Prim. Care Companion J. Clin. Psychiatry 2022, 24, e1–e6.eng
dcterms.referencesDalvi-Garcia, F.; Fonseca, L.L.; Vasoncelos, A.T.R.; Pereira, C.H.; Voit, E.O. A Model of Dopamine and Serotonin-Kynurenine Metabolism in Cortisolemia: Implications for Depression. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2021, 17, e1008956.eng
dcterms.referencesCorrell, C.U.; Agid, O.; Crespo-Facorro, B.; de Bartolomeis, A.; Fagiolini, A.; Seppälä, N.; Howes, O.D. A Guideline and Checklist for Initiating and Managing Clozapine Treatment in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia. CNS Drugs 2022, 36, 659–679.eng
dcterms.referencesSuetani, R.J.; Siskind, D.; Reichhold, H.; Kisely, S. Genetic Variants Impacting Metabolic Outcomes among People on Clozapine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Psychopharmacology 2017, 234, 2989–3008.eng
dcterms.referencesSimon, M.S.; Barton, B.B.; Glocker, C.; Musil, R. A Comprehensive Approach to Predicting Weight Gain and Therapy Response in Psychopharmacologically Treated Major Depressed Patients: A Cohort Study Protocol. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0271793.eng
dcterms.referencesVasudev, K.; Choi, Y.H.; Norman, R.; Kim, R.B.; Schwarz, U.I. Genetic Determinants of Clozapine-Induced Metabolic Side Effects. Can. J. Psychiatry 2017, 62, 138–149.eng
dcterms.referencesSiskind, D.J.; Leung, J.; Russell, A.W.; Wysoczanski, D.; Kisely, S. Metformin for Clozapine Associated Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0156208.eng
dcterms.referencesCiencia, C.; Médico, E. Weight Gain and Metabolic Change with Predictors of Symptom Improvement in Patients with First Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Treated for 12 Months. Schizophr. Res. 2019, 206, 171–176.eng
dcterms.referencesLiu, Y.K.; Ling, S.; Lui, L.M.W.; Ceban, F.; Vinberg, M.; Kessing, L.V.; Ho, R.C.; Rhee, T.G.; Gill, H.; Cao, B.; et al. Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Impaired Fasting Glucose, General Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Affect. Disord. 2022, 300, 449–461.eng
dcterms.referencesIqbal, E.; Govind, R.; Romero, A.; Dzahini, O.; Broadbent, M.; Stewart, R.; Smith, T.; Kim, C.H.; Werbeloff, N.; MacCabe, J.H.; et al. The Side Effect Profile of Clozapine in Real World Data of Three Large Mental Health Hospitals. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0243437.eng
dcterms.referencesSteuer, A.E.; Schmidhauser, C.; Tingelhoff, E.H.; Schmid, Y.; Rickli, A.; Kraemer, T.; Liechti, M.E. Impact of Cytochrome P450 2D6 Function on the Chiral Blood Plasma Pharmacokinetics of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and Its Phase I and II Metabolites in Humans. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0150955.eng
dcterms.referencesVázquez-Bourgon, J.; Gómez-Revuelta, M.; Mayoral-van Son, J.; Labad, J.; Ortiz-García de la Foz, V.; Setién-Suero, E.; Ayesa-Arriola, R.; Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, D.; Juncal-Ruiz, M.; Crespo-Facorro, B. Pattern of Long-Term Weight and Metabolic Changes after a First Episode of Psychosis: Results from a 10-Year Prospective Follow-up of the PAFIP Program for Early Intervention in Psychosis Cohort. Eur. Psychiatry 2022, 65, E48.eng
dcterms.referencesPinzón, J.B.; Serrano, N.C.; Díaz, L.A. Impact of the new definitions in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in an adult population at Bucaramanga, Colombia. Biomedica 2007, 27, 172–179.eng
dcterms.referencesVázquez-Bourgon, J.; Ibáñez Alario, M.; Mayoral-van Son, J.; Gómez Revuelta, M.; Ayesa Arriola, R.; Juncal Ruiz, M.; Ortiz-García de la Foz, V.; Crespo Facorro, B. A 3-Year Prospective Study on the Metabolic Effect of Aripiprazole, Quetiapine and Ziprasidone: A Pragmatic Clinical Trial in First Episode Psychosis Patients. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2020, 39, 46–55.eng
dcterms.referencesGómez-Revuelta, M.; Pelayo-Terán, J.M.; Juncal-Ruiz, M.; Ortiz-García de la Foz, V.; Vázquez-Bourgon, J.; González-Pinto, A.; Crespo-Facorro, B. Long-Term Antipsychotic Effectiveness in First Episode of Psychosis: A 3-Year Follow-up Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Aripiprazole, Quetiapine, and Ziprasidone. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018, 21, 1090–1101.eng
dcterms.referencesKahl, K.; Lampen-Inkamp, S.; Claassen, B.; Peschel, T.; Schik, G. E.05.02 Metabolic Alterations and Their Background in Patients with Affective Disorders. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010, 20, S211.eng
dcterms.referencesFernández-Aranda, F.; Sauchelli, S.; Pastor, A.; Gonzalez, M.L.; de La Torre, R.; Granero, R.; Jiménez-Murcia, S.; Baños, R.; Botella, C.; Fernández-Real, J.M.; et al. Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity across Body Mass Index in Females: Moderating Effect of Endocannabinoids and Temperament. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e104534.eng
dcterms.referencesCastillo Hernández, J.L.; Cuevas González, M.J.; Galiana, M.A.; Romero Hernández, E. Metabolic syndrome, a public health problem with different definitions and criteria. Rev. Médica Univ. Veracruzana 2017, 17, 7–14.eng
dcterms.referencesGarmendia Lorena, F. Metabolic Syndrome, Artifice or Reality? Ann. Fac. Med. 2020, 81, 92–98.eng
dcterms.referencesTabatabaei-Malazy, O.; Moghaddam, S.S.; Rezaei, N.; Sheidaei, A.; Hajipour, M.J.; Mahmoudi, N.; Mahmoudi, Z.; Dilmaghani-Marand, A.; Rezaee, K.; Sabooni, M.; et al. A Nationwide Study of Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence in Iran; A Comparative Analysis of Six Definitions. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0241926.eng
dcterms.referencesAsbjornsdottir, B.; Lauth, B.; Fasano, A.; Thorsdottir, I.; Karlsdottir, I.; Gudmundsson, L.S.; Gottfredsson, M.; Smarason, O.; Sigurdardottir, S.; Halldorsson, T.I.; et al. Meals, Microbiota and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents (MMM-Study): A Protocol for an Observational Longitudinal Case-Control Study. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0273855.eng
dcterms.referencesVoith, V.L. Recent Advances in Psychopharmacology. Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 1993, 118 (Suppl. S1), 59S–61S.eng
dcterms.referencesMaremmani, A.G.I.; Gazzarrini, D.; Fiorin, A.; Cingano, V.; Bellio, G.; Perugi, G.; Maremmani, I. Psychopathology of Addiction: Can the SCL90-Based Five-Dimensional Structure Differentiate Heroin Use Disorder from a Non-Substance-Related Addictive Disorder Such as Gambling Disorder? Ann. Gen. Psychiatry 2018, 17, 3.eng
dcterms.referencesGuerdjikova, A.I.; McElroy, S.L.; Kotwal, R.; Stanford, K.; Keck, P.E. Psychiatric and Metabolic Characteristics of Childhood versus Adult-Onset Obesity in Patients Seeking Weight Management. Eat. Behav. 2007, 8, 266–276.eng
dcterms.referencesLee, K.; Abraham, S.; Cleaver, R. A Systematic Review of Licensed Weight-Loss Medications in Treating Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain and Obesity in Schizophrenia and Psychosis. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 2022, 78, 58–67.eng
dcterms.referencesHod, R.; Mohd Nor, N.H.; Maniam, S. Systematic Review on E-Cigarette and Its Effects on Weight Gain and Adipocytes. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0270818.eng
dcterms.referencesKhalil, H.; Ellwood, L.; Lord, H.; Fernandez, R. Pharmacological Treatment for Obesity in Adults: An Umbrella Review. Ann. Pharmacother. 2020, 54, 691–705.eng
dcterms.referencesOrzelska-Górka, J.; Mikulska, J.; Wiszniewska, A.; Biała, G. New Atypical Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Depression. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 10624.eng
dcterms.referencesVogel Martinez, M.I.; León, F.; Torres, R.; Crossley, N.A. First and Second Generation Anti-psychotics in Schizophrenia: Efficacy, Effectiveness and Dose Effect. ARS MEDICA J. Med. Sci. 2017, 42.eng
dcterms.referencesPañero Herranz, C.; Madrid, A.M. Psychological Aspects, Treatment and Prevention; Universidad Pontificia Comillas: Madrid, Spain, 2021.eng
dcterms.referencesPscheidt, S.L.; Zardeto, H.N.; de Sá Junior, A.R.; Schneider, I.J.C. Cardiovascular Diseases and Use of Antipsychotics in Schizophrenia: A Review. J. Bras. Psiquiatr. 2022, 71, 253–272.eng
dcterms.referencesPanizzutti, B.; Bortolasci, C.C.; Spolding, B.; Kidnapillai, S.; Connor, T.; Richardson, M.F.; Truong, T.T.T.; Liu, Z.S.J.; Gray, L.; Kim, J.H.; et al. Biological Mechanism(S) Underpinning the Association between Antipsychotic Drugs and Weight Gain. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 4095.eng
dcterms.referencesLiu, H.C.; Yang, S.Y.; Liao, Y.T.; Chen, C.C.; Kuo, C.J. Anti-psychotic Medications and Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Schizophrenia: A Nested Case-Control Study. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0163533.eng
dcterms.referencesKranzler, H.N.; Cohen, S.D. Psychopharmacologic Treatment of Psychosis in Children and Adolescents. Efficacy and Management. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am. 2013, 22, 727–744.eng
dcterms.referencesHimmerich, H.; Bentley, J.; Lichtblau, N.; Brennan, C.; Au, K. Facets of Shared Decision-Making on Drug Treatment for Adults with an Eating Disorder. Int. Rev. Psychiatry 2019, 31, 332–346.eng
dcterms.referencesSingh, R.; Stogios, N.; Smith, E.; Lee, J.; Maksyutynsk, K.; Au, E.; Wright, D.C.; De Palma, G.; Graff-Guerrero, A.; Gerretsen, P.; et al. Gut microbiome in schizophrenia and antipsychotic-induced metabolic alterations: A scoping review. Ther. Adv. Psychopharmacol. 2022, 20451253221096525.eng
dcterms.referencesAllison, D.B.; Mentore, J.L.E.; Heo, M.; Chandler, L.P.; Cappelleri, J.C.; Infante, M.C.; Weiden, P.J. Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: A Comprehensive Research Synthesis. Am. J. Psychiatry 1999, 156, 1686–1696.eng
dcterms.referencesPalacio-Ortiz, J.D.; Londoño-Herrera, J.P.; Nanclares-Márquez, A.; Robledo-Rengifo, P.; Quintero-Cadavid, C.P. Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Rev. Colomb. Psiquiatr. 2020, 49, 279–288eng
dcterms.referencesStancil, S.L.; Abdel-Rahman, S.; Wagner, J. Developmental Considerations for the Use of Naltrexone in Children and Adolescents. J. Pediatr. Pharmacol. Ther. 2021, 26, 675–695.eng
dcterms.referencesvan Mil, E.G.A.H.; Westerterp, K.R.; Kester, A.D.M.; Delemarre-van De Waal, H.A.; Gerver, W.J.M.; Saris, W.H.M. The Effect of Sibutramine on Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Obese Adolescents. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007, 92, 1409–1414.eng
dcterms.referencesFord, T.C.; Nibbs, R.; Crewther, D.P. Glutamate/GABA+ Ratio Is Associated with the Psychosocial Domain of Autistic and Schizotypal Traits. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0181961.eng
dcterms.referencesTaylor, J.; Stubbs, B.; Hewitt, C.; Ajjan, R.A.; Alderson, S.L.; Gilbody, S.; Holt, R.I.G.; Hosali, P.; Hughes, T.; Kayalackakom, T.; et al. The Effectiveness of Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Improving Glycaemic Control in Adults with Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0168549.eng
dcterms.referencesFrayne, J.; Watson, S.; Snellen, M.; Nguyen, T.; Galbally, M. The Association between Mental Illness, Psychotropic Medication Use and Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A Multicentre Study. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2021, 24, 22–26.eng
dcterms.referencesOzdemir, A.C.; Wynn, G.M.; Vester, A.; Weitzmann, M.N.; Neigh, G.N.; Srinivasan, S.; Rudd, M.K. GNB3 Overexpression Causes Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0188763.eng
dcterms.referencesAhrens, K.R.; DuBois, D.L.; Richardson, L.P.; Fan, M.Y.; Lozano, P. Youth in Foster Care with Adult Mentors during Adolescence Have Improved Adult Outcomes. Pediatrics 2008, 121, e246–e252.eng
dcterms.referencesPlanansky, K. Changes in Weight in Patients Receiving a “Tranquilizing” Drug. Psychiatr. Q. 1958, 32, 289–303.eng
dcterms.referencesMejaddam, A.; Krantz, E.; Höskuldsdóttir, G.; Fändriks, L.; Mossberg, K.; Eliasson, B.; Trimpou, P.; Landin-Wilhelmsen, K. Comorbidity and Quality of Life in Obesity–a Comparative Study with the General Population in Gothenburg, Sweden. PLoS ONE 2022, 17, e0273553.eng
dcterms.referencesOughli, H.; Lenze, E.J.; Locke, A.E.; Yingling, M.D.; Zhong, Y.; Miller, J.P.; Reynolds, C.F.; Mulsant, B.H.; Newcomer, J.W.; Peterson, T.R.; et al. Getting to Precision Psychopharmacology: Combining Clinical and Genetic Information to Predict Fat Gain from Aripiprazole. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2019, 114, 67–74.eng
dcterms.referencesSchulz, P. Opportunities and Challenges in Psychopharmacology. Dialogues Clin. Neurosci. 2019, 21, 119–130.eng
dcterms.referencesGoetz, R.L.; Miller, B.J. Meta-Analysis of Ghrelin Alterations in Schizophrenia: Effects of Olanzapine. Schizophr. Res. 2019, 206, 21–26.eng
oaire.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Archivos

Bloque original
Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
PDF.pdf
Tamaño:
418.97 KB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Bloque de licencias
Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
No hay miniatura disponible
Nombre:
license.txt
Tamaño:
381 B
Formato:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Descripción:

Colecciones