Efecto de las herramientas digitales en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector textil Colombiano
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Fecha
2023
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
La tecnología es un factor importante dentro del desarrollo tanto económico como empresarial, y su efecto en la economía impacta positivamente, tanto que proporciona soluciones a las necesidades que acechan a la sociedad y brinda un mayor bienestar a la comunidad, brindando mejores oportunidades y haciendo una población más activa, productiva e inteligente. Las Pymes en Colombia y en el mundo cumplen un rol importante, y se debe al impacto económica que estas generan. A nivel nacional, las pequeñas y medianas empresas componen el 99,5% del tejido empresarial, generan 16 millones de empleos, aportan el 35% al PIB y contribuyen a generar el 80% de empleabilidad, cifras que hacen importante el estudio de ellas en la industria textil y el efecto que ocasiona la tecnología y su aplicación sobre las mismas, analizando herramientas como el Ecommerce, el Marketing Digital y el uso de Big data.
Este trabajo de corte transversal, utilizando las metodologías de enfoques mixtos, basado en el análisis de datos y revisión bibliográfica, obtuvo como resultado que las Pymes del sector textil son importantes en la economía, y que el sector ha ganado estatus en los últimos años, posicionándose como el primer exportador de tejidos en Latinoamérica, pero aún se encuentra en proceso de desarrollo y se ve en desventaja con respecto a las economías desarrolladas en materia de tecnología, debido al arduo proceso de transformación por el que la economía nacional está pasando y las limitantes que tiene el sector en cuanto a la adquisición de tecnología, ya que poseen problemas de financiación, no se caracteriza por ser un sector innovador, la mano de obra es escaza, es víctima de la competencia desleal, consecuencia de la mano de obra barata utilizada en otras economías que hoy por hoy ocupan el 70% de las importaciones en Colombia, y el contrabando , que gracias a esto se pierden alrededor de 200.000 puestos de empleos formales en el sector.
A pesar de las limitantes y el panorama expuesto con anterioridad acerca de las pymes del sector textil en Colombia, las empresas utilizan métodos que contribuyen a alcanzar sus objetivos de auto sostenimiento y perseverancia en el mercado, tratan de aplicar el uso de las
TICs para incrementar el flujo de información entre clientes y proveedores, y así obtener un mayor movimiento de inventarios reflejados en las ventas que proporcionan mejores oportunidades de crecimiento a pequeñas y medianas empresas que hacen parte del sector. Pese a tener un método ortodoxo de crecimiento como lo son las tiendas físicas, con el avance tecnológico las compañías poseen más oportunidades de auto sostenimiento, que en consecuencia ha permitido ahorrar costos de almacenamiento, alquiler o transporte; incluso con su uso ha explotado el potencial de muchas tiendas de manufactura, facilitando la apertura de tiendas digitales donde los clientes pueden tener acceso las 24 horas del día, publicidad en redes o también aplicación de marketing digital a través de la cadena de datos y medios de comunicación (email, redes sociales, mensajes de texto, llamadas, etc.), aplicación de E-commerce y flujo de información, sin embargo, dentro del trabajo se plantean estrategias para mejorar el uso de las herramientas y hacer del sector algo más competitivo frente a los mayores exportadores de textil a nivel global.
Technology is an important factor in both economic and business development, and its effect on the economy has a positive impact, so much so that it provides solutions to the needs that threaten society and provides greater well-being to the community, providing better opportunities and making a more active, productive, and intelligent population. SMEs in Colombia and in the world play an important role, and it is due to the economic impact they generate. At the national level, small and medium-sized enterprises make up 99.5% of the business fabric, generate 16 million jobs, contribute 35% to GDP and contribute to generating 80% employability, figures that make important the study of them in the textile industry and the effect caused by technology and its application on them, analyzing tools such as Ecommerce, Digital Marketing, and the use of Big Data. This cross-sectional work, using the methodologies of mixed approaches, based on data analysis and bibliographic review, obtained as a result that SMEs in the textile sector are important in the economy, and that the sector has gained status in recent years, positioning itself as the first exporter of fabrics in Latin America, but it is still in the process of development and is at a disadvantage with respect to developed economies in terms of of technology, due to the arduous process of transformation through which the national economy is going and the limitations that the sector has in terms of the acquisition of technology, since they have financing problems, is not characterized by being an innovative sector, labor is scarce, is a victim of unfair competition, consequence of the cheap labor used in other economies that today occupy 70% of imports in Colombia, and contraband, which thanks to this around 200,000 formal jobs are lost in the sector. Despite the limitations and the panorama previously exposed about SMEs in the textile sector in Colombia, companies use methods that contribute to achieving their objectives of self-sustainability and perseverance in the market, try to apply the use of ICTs to increase the flow of information between customers and suppliers, and thus obtain a greater movement of inventories reflected in sales that provide better growth opportunities to small and medium-sized companies that are part of the sector. Despite having an orthodox method of growth such as physical stores, with technological progress companies have more opportunities for self-support, which consequently has allowed to save storage, rental or transportation costs; Even with its use it has exploited the potential of many manufacturing stores, facilitating the opening of digital stores where customers can have access 24 hours a day, advertising in networks or also digital marketing application through the data chain and media (email, social networks, text messages, calls, etc.), application of E-commerce and flow of information, however, within the work strategies are proposed to improve the use of tools and make the sector somewhat more competitive against the largest textile exporters globally.
Technology is an important factor in both economic and business development, and its effect on the economy has a positive impact, so much so that it provides solutions to the needs that threaten society and provides greater well-being to the community, providing better opportunities and making a more active, productive, and intelligent population. SMEs in Colombia and in the world play an important role, and it is due to the economic impact they generate. At the national level, small and medium-sized enterprises make up 99.5% of the business fabric, generate 16 million jobs, contribute 35% to GDP and contribute to generating 80% employability, figures that make important the study of them in the textile industry and the effect caused by technology and its application on them, analyzing tools such as Ecommerce, Digital Marketing, and the use of Big Data. This cross-sectional work, using the methodologies of mixed approaches, based on data analysis and bibliographic review, obtained as a result that SMEs in the textile sector are important in the economy, and that the sector has gained status in recent years, positioning itself as the first exporter of fabrics in Latin America, but it is still in the process of development and is at a disadvantage with respect to developed economies in terms of of technology, due to the arduous process of transformation through which the national economy is going and the limitations that the sector has in terms of the acquisition of technology, since they have financing problems, is not characterized by being an innovative sector, labor is scarce, is a victim of unfair competition, consequence of the cheap labor used in other economies that today occupy 70% of imports in Colombia, and contraband, which thanks to this around 200,000 formal jobs are lost in the sector. Despite the limitations and the panorama previously exposed about SMEs in the textile sector in Colombia, companies use methods that contribute to achieving their objectives of self-sustainability and perseverance in the market, try to apply the use of ICTs to increase the flow of information between customers and suppliers, and thus obtain a greater movement of inventories reflected in sales that provide better growth opportunities to small and medium-sized companies that are part of the sector. Despite having an orthodox method of growth such as physical stores, with technological progress companies have more opportunities for self-support, which consequently has allowed to save storage, rental or transportation costs; Even with its use it has exploited the potential of many manufacturing stores, facilitating the opening of digital stores where customers can have access 24 hours a day, advertising in networks or also digital marketing application through the data chain and media (email, social networks, text messages, calls, etc.), application of E-commerce and flow of information, however, within the work strategies are proposed to improve the use of tools and make the sector somewhat more competitive against the largest textile exporters globally.
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Palabras clave
Industria textil, Herramientas digitales, Big-data, E Commerce, Pymes, Marketing digital, Tecnología, Estrategias, Limitantes, Auto sostenimiento, Medios de comunicación, Textile industry, Digital tools, SMEs, Digital marketing, Technology, Strategies, Limitations, Self-support, Media
