Adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes trasplantados de una IPS en Barranquilla en tiempos de la pandemia de la COVID-19
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Peña Arevalo, Zuleima Judith
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Antecedentes: El Trasplante Renal (TR) a través del tiempo se ha considerado el tratamiento de elección para los pacientes que han sido diagnosticados con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Terminal (ERCT). La NO adherencia al tratamiento inmunosupresor es la principal causa de pérdida del injerto. Las causas de la NO adherencia al tratamiento son muchas, pero en el año 2020, se presentó la pandemia por SAR-CoV-2, conocido ampliamente como Covid-19, presentándose un ineludible cambio de vida en los pacientes, constituyéndose como factor estresor en el año en mención.
Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de la adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes trasplantados de una IPS en Barranquilla en tiempos de COVID-19.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio analítico a 66 pacientes de un programa de trasplante en una IPS de Barraquilla (Atl, CO). Se le aplico en Test de Morisky-Green para medir la Adherencia al Tratamiento Farmacoterapéutico y la Escala de Estrés Percibido-10 de los pacientes que ingresaron al estudio. Se realizó asociación de variables con Chi cuadrado con una significancia mayor al 95% y un alfa menor del 0.05.
Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 66 pacientes con una proporción hombre:mujer de 3:4, con una edad promedio de 44±11años cumplidos. El grupo etáreo más frecuente fue entre 27 y 59 años (Adulto maduro). El principal efecto de la pandemia en estos pacientes fue el cambio de citas presenciales a virtuales (92%). El 88% de los pacientes fueron Adherentes y la principal causa de no adherencia fue el olvido de las horas de tomar el medicamente.
Conclusión: No se encontró relación entre el estrés causado por la pandemia (que fue bajo en los pacientes) con la No adherencia.
Background: Renal Transplantation (KT) over time has been considered the treatment of choice for patients who have been diagnosed with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Non-adherence to immunosuppressive treatment is the main cause of graft loss. The causes of non-adherence to treatment are many, but in 2020, the SAR-CoV-2 pandemic, widely known as Covid-19, appeared, presenting an unavoidable change of life in patients, becoming a stressor in the year in question. Objective: To evaluate the results of adherence to the treatment of transplant patients from an IPS in Barranquilla in times of COVID-19. Methodology: An analytical study was carried out on 66 patients from a transplant program at an IPS in Barraquilla (Atl, CO). It was applied in the Morisky-Green Test to measure the Adherence to Pharmacotherapeutic Treatment and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 of the patients who entered the study. Variables were associated with Chi square with a significance greater than 95% and an alpha less than 0.05. Results: A total of 66 patients were included with a male: female ratio of 3: 4, with an average age of 44 ± 11 years. The most frequent age group was between 27 and 59 years old (Mature adult). The main effect of the pandemic in these patients was the change from face-to-face to virtual appointments (92%). 88% of the patients were Adherent and the main cause of non-adherence was forgetting the hours to take the medication. Conclusion: No relationship was found between stress caused by the pandemic (which was low in patients) and Non-adherence.
Background: Renal Transplantation (KT) over time has been considered the treatment of choice for patients who have been diagnosed with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Non-adherence to immunosuppressive treatment is the main cause of graft loss. The causes of non-adherence to treatment are many, but in 2020, the SAR-CoV-2 pandemic, widely known as Covid-19, appeared, presenting an unavoidable change of life in patients, becoming a stressor in the year in question. Objective: To evaluate the results of adherence to the treatment of transplant patients from an IPS in Barranquilla in times of COVID-19. Methodology: An analytical study was carried out on 66 patients from a transplant program at an IPS in Barraquilla (Atl, CO). It was applied in the Morisky-Green Test to measure the Adherence to Pharmacotherapeutic Treatment and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 of the patients who entered the study. Variables were associated with Chi square with a significance greater than 95% and an alpha less than 0.05. Results: A total of 66 patients were included with a male: female ratio of 3: 4, with an average age of 44 ± 11 years. The most frequent age group was between 27 and 59 years old (Mature adult). The main effect of the pandemic in these patients was the change from face-to-face to virtual appointments (92%). 88% of the patients were Adherent and the main cause of non-adherence was forgetting the hours to take the medication. Conclusion: No relationship was found between stress caused by the pandemic (which was low in patients) and Non-adherence.
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Palabras clave
Adherencia, Estrés, Trasplante, Pandemia, SARS-CoV-2, Covid19, Adherence, Stress, Transplantation, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, Covid19
