Alteraciones de la salud mental en pacientes adultos tratados con fluoroquinolonas: una revisión sistemática
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Barrios Camargo, Kelly Johanna
Beleño Cabrales, Sadys Marcela
Pineda Cáez, Andrea Isabel
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Las fluoroquinolonas son antibióticos que actúan inhibiendo la ADN-girasa responsable de que se enrolle el ADN de las bacterias. Actúan en la fase estacionaria de crecimiento y poseen acción bactericida6. El uso de quinolonas conlleva una serie de efectos adversos dentro de la cual resalta el mayor riesgo de presentar reacciones adversas neuropsiquiátricas como la depresión la cual puede conllevar al suicidio13.
Por su parte La Administración de Medicamentos y Alimentos de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica (FDA por sus siglas en inglés) durante el 2008 realizó un revisión en la cual se concluyó que la mayoría de las reacciones adversas afectaron principalmente al sistema musculoesquelético, sistema nervioso periférico y sistema nervioso central y que la mayoría de los casos (74%) ocurrieron en pacientes de 30 a 59 años.7
Por otro lado, centrándonos en Colombia, según la base de datos de registros del Instituto Nacional de Medicamentos y Alimentos (INVIMA) existen más de 200 registros sanitarios asociados a FQs entre las cuales hay 19 tipos, las cuales se incluyen las quinolonas, que tiene mayor riesgo de generar alteraciones neurológicas, como por ejemplo ciprofloxacino y levofloxacino5, sin embargo no se genera una restricción o advertencia frente a las posibles alteraciones de la salud mental de los pacientes a quienes se administre.
Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se consideró relevante realizar una revisión sistemática sobre la frecuencia de alteraciones de la salud mental en pacientes adultos tratados con fluoroquinolonas, teniendo en cuenta sus posibles efectos secundarios a nivel neurológico que desencadenan dicho riesgo.
Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics that act by inhibiting DNA gyrase responsible for the registration of bacteria's DNA. They act in the stationary phase of growth and have bactericidal action6. The use of quinolones entails a series of adverse effects, which highlights the increased risk of presenting neuropsychiatric adverse reactions such as depression, which can lead to suicide13. For its part, the Food and Drug Administration of the United States of America (FDA for its acronym in English) during 2008 conducted a review in which it was concluded that most of the adverse reactions mainly affected the musculoskeletal system, peripheral nervous system and central nervous system and that the majority of cases (74%) occurred in patients aged 30 to 59 years.7 On the other hand, focusing on Colombia, according to the database of records of the National Institute of Medicines and Foods (INVIMA) there are more than 200 health records associated with CF among which there are 19 types, which include quinolones, which has increased risk of generating neurological alterations, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin5, however, a restriction or warning is not generated against possible mental health alterations of the patients to whom they are administered. Given the above, it is considered relevant to conduct a systematic review on the frequency of mental health disorders in adult patients treated with fluoroquinolones, taking into account their possible neurological side effects that trigger such risk.
Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics that act by inhibiting DNA gyrase responsible for the registration of bacteria's DNA. They act in the stationary phase of growth and have bactericidal action6. The use of quinolones entails a series of adverse effects, which highlights the increased risk of presenting neuropsychiatric adverse reactions such as depression, which can lead to suicide13. For its part, the Food and Drug Administration of the United States of America (FDA for its acronym in English) during 2008 conducted a review in which it was concluded that most of the adverse reactions mainly affected the musculoskeletal system, peripheral nervous system and central nervous system and that the majority of cases (74%) occurred in patients aged 30 to 59 years.7 On the other hand, focusing on Colombia, according to the database of records of the National Institute of Medicines and Foods (INVIMA) there are more than 200 health records associated with CF among which there are 19 types, which include quinolones, which has increased risk of generating neurological alterations, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin5, however, a restriction or warning is not generated against possible mental health alterations of the patients to whom they are administered. Given the above, it is considered relevant to conduct a systematic review on the frequency of mental health disorders in adult patients treated with fluoroquinolones, taking into account their possible neurological side effects that trigger such risk.
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Palabras clave
Fluoroquinolonas, Salud mental, Efectos adversos, Factores de riesgo, Sistema nervioso central, Mental health, Adverse effects, Risk factors, Central nervous system
