Afectaciones en salud mental relacionada con los estilos de crianza de las familias transnacionales, ubicadas en el anillo vial occidental asentamiento Alfonso Gomez del municipio San José de Cúcuta en el año 2020
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Olarte Quiñones, Derly Johana
Pérez Guerra, Grecia María
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Teniendo en cuenta el reporte de los datos de SIVIGILA en población migrante, especialmente en niños, niñas y adolescentes se evidenció un número importante de casos de violencias basadas en género, entre ellos negligencia, abandono y maltrato infantil, por ello es fundamental realizar estudios que analicen el cuidado y el vínculo en estos grupos de edades entendiendo que los padres son los responsables en proteger contra cualquier acto que amanece o vulnere su vida y la integridad de los niños y niñas. Es por ello, que la presente investigación objeto permite comprender las afectaciones de salud mental que se relaciona con los estilos de crianza de las familias transnacionales ubicadas en el anillo vial occidental asentamiento Alfonso Gómez del municipio San José de Cúcuta en el año 2020; en un proceso de interacción con el padre, madre y/o cuidador y los niños, niñas y adolescentes desde una metodología del paradigma interpretativo, un enfoque cualitativo y la aplicación del Test RQC - RSQ y entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas a 7 familias del asentamiento Alfonso Gómez. Las afectaciones en salud mental están relacionadas con riesgos en depresión, ansiedad, psicosis y otros, probablemente relacionada a la migración y a las expectativas en mejorar las condiciones de vida en el país receptor para la familia. Como resultado el estilo de crianza que predomina es el estilo autoritario y permisivo lo cual está generando en las familias situaciones de riesgo y síntomas en los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Los síntomas de salud mental que presentan los niños y niñas está relacionado con el riesgo en salud mental de la progenitora quien es la encargada del cuidado, crianza y protección; llegando a la conclusión de requerir acciones de prevención en salud mental vistas desde un enfoque familiar teniendo en encuesta la estructura, organización y dinámica familiar vinculando en los procesos a todos los integrantes de la familia a fin de mantener el vínculo familiar sólido y solidario
Taking into account the SIVIGILA data report on the migrant population, especially in children and adolescents, a significant number of cases of gender-based violence were evidenced, including neglect, abandonment and child abuse, therefore it is essential to carry out studies that Analyze the care and bond in these age groups, understanding that parents are responsible for protecting against any act that dawns or violates their lives and the integrity of children. That is why the present research allows us to understand the mental health affectations that are related to the parenting styles of transnational families located in the western ring road of the Alfonso Gómez settlement of the San José de Cúcuta municipality in the year 2020; in a process of interaction with the father, mother and / or caregiver and the children and adolescents from an interpretive paradigm position, a qualitative approach and the application of the RQC - RSQ Test and semi-structured interviews applied to 7 families of the Alfonso Gómez settlement. The effects on mental health are related to risks in depression, anxiety, psychosis and others, probably related to migration and the expectations of improving the living conditions in the receiving country for the family. The predominant parenting style is the authoritarian and permissive style, which is generating risk situations and symptoms in children and adolescents in families. The mental health symptoms that children present are related to the mental health risk of the parent who is in charge of the care, upbringing and protection; Therefore, preventive actions in mental health are required, seen from a family approach, taking into account the structure, organization and family dynamics, linking all family members in the processes in order to maintain a solid and supportive family bond
Taking into account the SIVIGILA data report on the migrant population, especially in children and adolescents, a significant number of cases of gender-based violence were evidenced, including neglect, abandonment and child abuse, therefore it is essential to carry out studies that Analyze the care and bond in these age groups, understanding that parents are responsible for protecting against any act that dawns or violates their lives and the integrity of children. That is why the present research allows us to understand the mental health affectations that are related to the parenting styles of transnational families located in the western ring road of the Alfonso Gómez settlement of the San José de Cúcuta municipality in the year 2020; in a process of interaction with the father, mother and / or caregiver and the children and adolescents from an interpretive paradigm position, a qualitative approach and the application of the RQC - RSQ Test and semi-structured interviews applied to 7 families of the Alfonso Gómez settlement. The effects on mental health are related to risks in depression, anxiety, psychosis and others, probably related to migration and the expectations of improving the living conditions in the receiving country for the family. The predominant parenting style is the authoritarian and permissive style, which is generating risk situations and symptoms in children and adolescents in families. The mental health symptoms that children present are related to the mental health risk of the parent who is in charge of the care, upbringing and protection; Therefore, preventive actions in mental health are required, seen from a family approach, taking into account the structure, organization and family dynamics, linking all family members in the processes in order to maintain a solid and supportive family bond
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Palabras clave
Familia transnacional, Estilo de crianza, Salud mental, Determinantes sociales en salud, Organización familiar, Transnational family, Parenting style, Mental health, Social determinants in health, Family organization
