Perfil de resistencia bacteriana en las unidades de cuidados intensivos en una red de Hospitales de Barranquilla entre los años 2016 – 2018
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Jaraba-Coronado, María
Ramos-Guerrero, Emerson
Zuluaga-Galeano, Juan
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivos: Realizar el perfil de resistencia bacteriana en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) en una red de hospitales de Barranquilla entre los años 2016 – 2018
Materiales y Métodos: Es un estudio retrospectivo, multicéntrico, descriptivo en UCI de una red de hospitales de Barranquilla (Atl, Col), durante el periodo de 2016-2018. Se realizó un sumario estadístico de los aislamientos bacterianos por grupos bacterianos (Gram positivas, Gram negativos y Enterobacterias), Tipo de UCI (polivalente, coronaria, cardiovascular y quirúrgica) y resistencia bacteriana según fenotipo.
Resultados: Se revisaron 1542 aislados en cuatro tipos de UCI Adultos: Polivalente (n: 942), Cardiovascular (n: 478), Coronaria (n: 102) y Quirúrgica (n: 20). Se identificaron 20 microorganismos, 8 especies para las Gram (+), 7 para las Gram (-) y 5 para las Enterobacterias. Las UCI Polivalente y Coronaria las Gram (-) fueron
más prevalentes, 38.3% y 47%; y las Enterobacterias en la Cardiovascular (43.7%) y Quirúrgica (35%). Se encontró que para la Polivalente y Cardiovascular, las Gram (-) fue significativamente mayor (p <0.05), mientras que para la Coronaria fueron las Gram (+) (p <0.05); para la Quirúrgica ningún grupo fue significativo (p >0.05). La resistencia global fue del 29,1%. La resistencia para UCI polivalente fue 31.1%, Coronaria 27.7%, la Cardiovascular 29.7% y Quirúrgica 29,2%.
Conclusiones: Los microrganismos que continúan estando en mayor proporción son los Gram (-), el origen de la muestra en mayor medida fue la de orina, así mismo, en la UCI cardiovascular se presentó un significativo porcentaje de resistencia (29%), S marcescens, P. aeruginosa y A. baumanii presentaron resistencias moderadas a altas
Objective: To carry out the profile of bacterial resistance in intensive care units (ICU) in a network of hospitals in Barranquilla between 2016 - 2018. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective, multicenter, descriptive study in the ICU of a network of hospitals in Barranquilla (Atl, Col), during the period of 2016-2018. A statistical summary of the bacterial isolates was made by bacterial groups (Gram positive, Gram negative and Enterobacteriaceae), ICU type (polyvalent, coronary, cardiovascular and surgical) and bacterial resistance according to phenotype. Results: 1542 isolates in four types of ICU Adults were reviewed: Polyvalent (n: 942), Cardiovascular (n: 478), Coronary (n: 102) and Surgical (n: 20). Twenty microorganisms were identified, 8 species for Gram (+), 7 for Gram (-) and 5 for Enterobacteriaceae. The Polyvalent and Coronary ICU, the Gram (-) were more prevalent, 38.3% and 47%; and Enterobacteriaceae in Cardiovascular (43.7%) and Surgical (35%). It was found that for the Polyvalent and Cardiovascular, the Gram (-) was significantly higher (p <0.05), while for the Coronary it was the Gram (+) (p <0.05); for the Surgical Group, no group was significant (p> 0.05). The global resistance was 29.1%. The resistance for polyvalent ICU was 31.1%, Coronary 27.7%, Cardiovascular 29.7% and Surgical 29.2%. Conclusions: The microorganisms that continue to be in greater proportion are the Gram (-), the origin of the sample in greater measure was the urine, likewise, in the cardiovascular UCI a significant percentage of resistance was presented (29%), S marcescens, P. aeruginosa and A. baumanii presented moderate to high resistance.
Objective: To carry out the profile of bacterial resistance in intensive care units (ICU) in a network of hospitals in Barranquilla between 2016 - 2018. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective, multicenter, descriptive study in the ICU of a network of hospitals in Barranquilla (Atl, Col), during the period of 2016-2018. A statistical summary of the bacterial isolates was made by bacterial groups (Gram positive, Gram negative and Enterobacteriaceae), ICU type (polyvalent, coronary, cardiovascular and surgical) and bacterial resistance according to phenotype. Results: 1542 isolates in four types of ICU Adults were reviewed: Polyvalent (n: 942), Cardiovascular (n: 478), Coronary (n: 102) and Surgical (n: 20). Twenty microorganisms were identified, 8 species for Gram (+), 7 for Gram (-) and 5 for Enterobacteriaceae. The Polyvalent and Coronary ICU, the Gram (-) were more prevalent, 38.3% and 47%; and Enterobacteriaceae in Cardiovascular (43.7%) and Surgical (35%). It was found that for the Polyvalent and Cardiovascular, the Gram (-) was significantly higher (p <0.05), while for the Coronary it was the Gram (+) (p <0.05); for the Surgical Group, no group was significant (p> 0.05). The global resistance was 29.1%. The resistance for polyvalent ICU was 31.1%, Coronary 27.7%, Cardiovascular 29.7% and Surgical 29.2%. Conclusions: The microorganisms that continue to be in greater proportion are the Gram (-), the origin of the sample in greater measure was the urine, likewise, in the cardiovascular UCI a significant percentage of resistance was presented (29%), S marcescens, P. aeruginosa and A. baumanii presented moderate to high resistance.
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Palabras clave
Resistencia bacteriana, Infección nosocomial, Bacteriemia, Unidades de cuidados intensivos, Antibacterianos, Control de infecciones, Bacterial resistance, Nosocomial infection, Bacteremia, Intensive care units, Antibacterial, Infection control
