Percepción de la gerontofobia en los jóvenes del grado 11 del colegio academia técnica comercial de los Andes (ACOANDES), Colombia
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Sierra Sierra, Kelly Yohana
Bastos Pabuence, Martha Liliana
Domínguez Cuevas, Ramón Alejandro
Villamizar Aparicio, Angie Camila
Rojas Monroy, Silvia Lorena
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La sociedad de consumo desplaza por inercia a los que no consumen y los adultos mayores son los más afectados por estar ligado a la muerte, a la dependencia, a la enfermedad siendo un estereotipo negativo que existe dentro del contexto social provocando Gerontofobia, que es el desprecio y maltrato irracional a los adultos mayores. El desarrollo del presente proyecto de investigación analiza las percepciones de los jóvenes de grado 11 del colegio Academia Técnica Comercial de los Andes (ACOANDES), desde su entorno social hacia los adultos mayores en la ciudad San José de Cúcuta Departamento Norte de Santander desde el año 2022-1 hasta el año 2023-1, partiendo de las gerontofobia, percepciones y juventud que permiten comprender teóricamente el tema investigativo. Se aborda desde un paradigma interpretativo, diseño fenomenológico, enfoque cualitativo y las técnicas de información como la encuesta mixta, grupo focal, entrevista grupal semiestructurada y como instrumento diario de campo. En el desarrollo del proyecto de investigación se obtuvieron como resultados que, en relación a las percepciones de los jóvenes sobre la gerontofobia, se hace hincapié en lo tradicionales y erróneas que son las apreciaciones desarrolladas por ellos hacia el adulto mayor; es así, que las diferencias entre estas dos brechas generacionales se evidencian que los jóvenes perciben la vejez, como una etapa que empieza a partir de los 60 años, y que de acuerdo a eso ya no les brindan ningún valor creyéndolos incapaces de realizar ciertas acciones de la vida cotidiana; así mismo, emerge dentro de los jóvenes el adecuado reconocimiento de la exclusión y las afectaciones que origina la misma al grupo etario del adulto mayor. De igual forma los jóvenes perciben la gerontofobia de una manera particular porque a muchos de ellos el adulto mayor les genera cierto rechazo viéndolo como
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individuo externo, si lo ven desde su entorno familiar el adulto mayor les ocasiona ternura y llegan a sentirse identificados y tienen en cuenta que a muchos le aporta conocimientos debido a la experiencia adquirida en sus años de vida. A partir de dichos resultados obtenidos se deduce que si existe gerontofobia en dicho contexto y es así, que el trabajo social tiene en cuenta que las brechas generacionales es un desafío muy importante a la cual se le debe aportar, ya que dentro de los diferentes rangos de edades, se encuentran percepciones de la vida muy divergentes, y que, por presentar esas diferencias tanto a nivel de edad como en cultura en muchos casos se visualizan solo como los factores detonantes de los conflictos, es por ello, que se hace importante la, potenciación y transformación de esas habilidades y percepciones que como jóvenes y adultos mayores se pueden tener en conjunto conllevando a la disminución de los estigmas. Además, con respecto a los jóvenes debe plantear estrategias que apunten al fortalecimiento del diálogo reflexivo y critico basado en el respeto de las diferencias, incentivar que tanto jóvenes, como adultos mayores y demás grupos etarios se deben entender como parte de un todo social.
The consumer society displaces by inertia those who do not consume, and older adults are the most affected because it is linked to death, dependency, disease, being a negative stereotype that exists within the social context causing Gerontophobia, which is the contempt and irrational abuse of older adults. The development of this research project analyzes the perceptions of young people in grade 11 of the Technical Commercial Academy of the Andes (ACOANDES) school, from their social environment towards older adults in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Department of Norte de Santander, since the year 2022-1 to 2023-1, starting from gerontophobia, perceptions and youth that allow a theoretical understanding of the research topic. It is approached from an interpretive paradigm, phenomenological design, qualitative approach and information techniques such as the mixed survey, focus group, semi structured group interview and as a daily field instrument. In the development of the research project, the results were obtained that, in relation to the perceptions of young people about gerontophobia, emphasis is placed on how traditional and erroneous are the appreciations developed by them towards the elderly; Thus, the differences between these two generational gaps show that young people perceive old age as a stage that begins at age 60, and accordingly, they no longer receive no value believing them incapable of performing certain actions of daily life; Likewise, the adequate recognition of exclusion and the effects that it causes to the adult age group emerges within young people. Elderly; In the same way, young people perceive gerontophobia in a particular way because for many of them the older adult generates a certain rejection by seeing him as an external individual, if they see him from their family environment, the 9 older adult causes them tenderness and they come to feel identified and take into account He says that it brings knowledge to many due to the experience acquired in his years of life. Based on these results, it can be deduced that if gerontophobia exists in said context and it is so, that social work takes into account that generation gaps is a very important challenge to which it must contribute, since within the different ranges of ages, there are very divergent perceptions of life, and that, due to presenting these differences both at the age level and in culture, in many cases they are viewed only as the triggering factors of conflicts, which is why it is important to , empowerment and transformation of those skills and perceptions that as young people and older adults can have together, leading to the reduction of stigmas. In addition, with respect to young people, strategies must be proposed that aim to strengthen reflective and critical dialogue based on respect for differences, encourage young people, older adults and other age groups to understand each other as part of a social whole.
The consumer society displaces by inertia those who do not consume, and older adults are the most affected because it is linked to death, dependency, disease, being a negative stereotype that exists within the social context causing Gerontophobia, which is the contempt and irrational abuse of older adults. The development of this research project analyzes the perceptions of young people in grade 11 of the Technical Commercial Academy of the Andes (ACOANDES) school, from their social environment towards older adults in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Department of Norte de Santander, since the year 2022-1 to 2023-1, starting from gerontophobia, perceptions and youth that allow a theoretical understanding of the research topic. It is approached from an interpretive paradigm, phenomenological design, qualitative approach and information techniques such as the mixed survey, focus group, semi structured group interview and as a daily field instrument. In the development of the research project, the results were obtained that, in relation to the perceptions of young people about gerontophobia, emphasis is placed on how traditional and erroneous are the appreciations developed by them towards the elderly; Thus, the differences between these two generational gaps show that young people perceive old age as a stage that begins at age 60, and accordingly, they no longer receive no value believing them incapable of performing certain actions of daily life; Likewise, the adequate recognition of exclusion and the effects that it causes to the adult age group emerges within young people. Elderly; In the same way, young people perceive gerontophobia in a particular way because for many of them the older adult generates a certain rejection by seeing him as an external individual, if they see him from their family environment, the 9 older adult causes them tenderness and they come to feel identified and take into account He says that it brings knowledge to many due to the experience acquired in his years of life. Based on these results, it can be deduced that if gerontophobia exists in said context and it is so, that social work takes into account that generation gaps is a very important challenge to which it must contribute, since within the different ranges of ages, there are very divergent perceptions of life, and that, due to presenting these differences both at the age level and in culture, in many cases they are viewed only as the triggering factors of conflicts, which is why it is important to , empowerment and transformation of those skills and perceptions that as young people and older adults can have together, leading to the reduction of stigmas. In addition, with respect to young people, strategies must be proposed that aim to strengthen reflective and critical dialogue based on respect for differences, encourage young people, older adults and other age groups to understand each other as part of a social whole.
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Palabras clave
Adulto mayor, Envejecimiento, Exclusión, Gerontofobia, Jóvenes, Percepción, Older adult, Aging, Exclusion, Gerontophobia, Youth, Perception
