Barreras de inclusión social que enfrentan las mujeres víctimas de trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual en su proceso de reconstrucción de vida con enfoque de derechos
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Fernández Rojas, Angie Natalia
Martínez Castañeda, Angie Valentina
Quintero García, Karol Yisel
Suárez Núñez, Keren Yorliany
Villamizar Landazabal, Luna María
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Esta investigación analiza las principales barreras que enfrentan las mujeres víctimas de trata con fines de explotación sexual en Cúcuta durante su proceso de reconstrucción de vida e inclusión social. Desde un enfoque de derechos humanos y una perspectiva interseccional, se reconoce cómo factores como la pobreza, la migración irregular, la violencia de género y las brechas institucionales profundizan su vulnerabilidad y dificultan el acceso a protección y
acompañamiento El estudio, de enfoque cualitativo hermenéutico, se desarrolló mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, observación y análisis documental, permitiendo comprender las experiencias y significados construidos por las sobrevivientes y por actores institucionales. Los hallazgos evidencian barreras persistentes como la precariedad económica, que limita la autonomía; el miedo asociado al estatus migratorio irregular, que restringe el acceso a servicios; y el estigma social, que genera rechazo, culpabilización y obstáculos para la reintegración comunitaria y laboral.
Asimismo, se identificó insuficiente apoyo institucional, marcado por fallas en la articulación de rutas de atención, escasez de programas especializados y falta de continuidad en los procesos de acompañamiento integral. A pesar de ello, se reconocen manifestaciones de resiliencia y agencia en las mujeres, que buscan reconstruir sus proyectos de vida y acceder a nuevas oportunidades.
La investigación busca aportar insumos para el diseño de políticas públicas que garanticen reparación, inclusión y reconocimiento pleno de derechos.
This research analyzes the main barriers faced by women victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation in Cúcuta during their process of rebuilding their lives and achieving social inclusion. From a human rights and intersectional perspective, it recognizes how factors such as poverty, irregular migration, gender-based violence, and institutional gaps deepen their vulnerability and hinder their access to protection and support. The study, employing a hermeneutic qualitative approach, was conducted through semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis, allowing for an understanding of the experiences and meanings constructed by survivors and institutional actors. The findings reveal persistent barriers such as economic insecurity, which limits autonomy; fear associated with irregular immigration status, which restricts access to services; and social stigma, which generates rejection, blame, and obstacles to community and labor market reintegration. Furthermore, insufficient institutional support was identified, characterized by shortcomings in the coordination of care pathways, a scarcity of specialized programs, and a lack of continuity in comprehensive support processes. Despite this, there are clear signs of resilience and agency among women, who are seeking to rebuild their lives and access new opportunities. This research aims to contribute to the design of public policies that guarantee reparations, inclusion, and full recognition of their rights.
This research analyzes the main barriers faced by women victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation in Cúcuta during their process of rebuilding their lives and achieving social inclusion. From a human rights and intersectional perspective, it recognizes how factors such as poverty, irregular migration, gender-based violence, and institutional gaps deepen their vulnerability and hinder their access to protection and support. The study, employing a hermeneutic qualitative approach, was conducted through semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis, allowing for an understanding of the experiences and meanings constructed by survivors and institutional actors. The findings reveal persistent barriers such as economic insecurity, which limits autonomy; fear associated with irregular immigration status, which restricts access to services; and social stigma, which generates rejection, blame, and obstacles to community and labor market reintegration. Furthermore, insufficient institutional support was identified, characterized by shortcomings in the coordination of care pathways, a scarcity of specialized programs, and a lack of continuity in comprehensive support processes. Despite this, there are clear signs of resilience and agency among women, who are seeking to rebuild their lives and access new opportunities. This research aims to contribute to the design of public policies that guarantee reparations, inclusion, and full recognition of their rights.
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Palabras clave
Trata de personas, Explotación sexual, Mujeres víctimas, Inclusión 6 social, Reconstrucción de vida
