Estrés laboral, calidad del sueño y síntomas osteomusculares en trabajadores de la costa caribe colombiana
Cargando...
Fecha
2023
Autores
Barrios Muñoz, Yarleidis
Cáceres Pérez, Onix Madeleine
Isaza Ventura, Andrea Carolina
Rivera García, Gloria Lucia
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivo: determinar los indicadores de riesgo asociados a Estrés laboral, Calidad
del Sueño y Síntomas Osteomusculares en trabajadores de la Costa Caribe
Colombiana.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal debido a que se
hizo una descripción y análisis de la información recolectada sobre el estrés laboral,
la calidad del sueño y los síntomas osteomusculares en un momento dado de la
población de estudio. La población de trabajadores estuvo conformada por 119,
pertenecientes al área administrativa y área operativa de dos empresas, una de
obras civiles y otra empresa del sector salud ubicadas en el departamento del
Atlántico. Para medir el Estrés Laboral se utilizó el cuestionario Maslach Burnout
Inventory (MBI), para medir la calidad del sueño se utilizó la Encuesta de Índice de
Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh y para los síntomas osteomusculares, el
Cuestionario Nordico de Kuorinka. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el
programa estadístico SPSS versión 29 (Licencia de la Universidad Simón Bolívar);
se realizaron análisis estadísticos univariados y bivariados de los datos. Las
variables categóricas se presentan en frecuencias absolutas y relativas, y para las
cuantitativas se emplea la media y la desviación estándar.
Resultados: Predominaron trabajadores del sexo femenino con 75,6%. El 35,3%
corresponde a formación educativa técnico o tecnólogo. El 53,8 % tiene un cargo
operativo y el 37% tiene un cargo administrativo. El 84,9% de la población
estudiada, refiere que la empresa donde ellos laboran si tiene Sistema de Gestión
de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, el 47,9% de los trabajadores sujeto de estudio
nunca se siente vacío cuando termina la jornada laboral, el 27,7 % de los empleados
pocas veces al año o menos se sienten fatigados, el 65.5% de los trabajadores se
sienten muy activo todos los días, el 40,3% de los trabajadores perciben que tienen
la calidad del sueño muy buena, el 68,1 % durante el último mes no ha tomado
ningún medicamento, En los últimos 12 meses la percepción de molestias por parte
de los trabajadores fue de 27,7%. La percepción del dolor relacionada con el sexo
nos muestra que el 36 % del sexo femenino percibe dolor moderado y el sexo
masculino, el 17 % no tiene dolor.
Conclusión: podemos afirmar que en las organizaciones los empleados están
expuestos constantemente al estrés laboral, lo cual termina manifestándose en
malas condiciones tanto psicológicas como osteomusculares. En este este estudio,
los trabajadores presentan un aumento significativo de síntomas osteomusculares;
especialmente dolor en la zona del cuello y espalda. Esto no solo afecta la salud de
los empleados, sino también su vida laboral. Así mismo, hay un pequeño porcentaje
de empleados que manifestaron tener la calidad del sueño bastante mala, los cuales
tienden a tomar algún medicamento para poder dormir. Lo cual puede terminar
afectando el bienestar físico y mental.
Objective: determine the risk indicators associated with work stress, sleep quality and osteomuscular symptoms in workers on the Colombian Caribbean Coast. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study because a description and analysis of the information collected on work stress, sleep quality and musculoskeletal symptoms at a given time in the study population was made. The population of workers was made up of 119, belonging to the administrative area and operational area of two companies, one in civil works and another company in the health sector located in the department of Atlántico. To measure Work Stress, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire was used, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Survey was used to measure sleep quality, and the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire was used for musculoskeletal symptoms. For data analysis, the statistical program SPSS version 29 (License from the Simón Bolívar University) was used; Univariate and bivariate statistical analyzes of the data were performed. Categorical variables are presented in absolute and relative frequencies, and for quantitative variables the mean and standard deviation are used. Results: Female workers predominated with 75.6%. 35.3% corresponds to technical or technologist educational training. 53.8% have an operational position and 37% have an administrative position. 84.9% of the population studied reports that the company where they work does have an Occupational Health and Safety Management System, 47.9% of the workers subject to the study never feel empty when the workday ends. , 27.7% of employees feel fatigued a few times a year or less, 65.5% of workers feel very active every day, 40.3% of workers perceive that they have very good sleep quality , 68.1% have not taken any medication in the last month. In the last 12 months, the perception of discomfort by workers was 27.7%. The perception of pain related to sex shows us that 36% of females perceive moderate pain and 17% of males have no pain. Conclusion: we can affirm that in organizations employees are constantly exposed to work stress, which ends up manifesting in poor psychological and musculoskeletal conditions. In this study, workers present a significant increase in musculoskeletal symptoms; especially pain in the neck and back area. This not only affects the health of employees, but also their work life. Likewise, there is a small percentage of employees who reported having very poor sleep quality, who tend to take some medication to sleep. Which can end up affecting physical and mental well-being.
Objective: determine the risk indicators associated with work stress, sleep quality and osteomuscular symptoms in workers on the Colombian Caribbean Coast. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study because a description and analysis of the information collected on work stress, sleep quality and musculoskeletal symptoms at a given time in the study population was made. The population of workers was made up of 119, belonging to the administrative area and operational area of two companies, one in civil works and another company in the health sector located in the department of Atlántico. To measure Work Stress, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire was used, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Survey was used to measure sleep quality, and the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire was used for musculoskeletal symptoms. For data analysis, the statistical program SPSS version 29 (License from the Simón Bolívar University) was used; Univariate and bivariate statistical analyzes of the data were performed. Categorical variables are presented in absolute and relative frequencies, and for quantitative variables the mean and standard deviation are used. Results: Female workers predominated with 75.6%. 35.3% corresponds to technical or technologist educational training. 53.8% have an operational position and 37% have an administrative position. 84.9% of the population studied reports that the company where they work does have an Occupational Health and Safety Management System, 47.9% of the workers subject to the study never feel empty when the workday ends. , 27.7% of employees feel fatigued a few times a year or less, 65.5% of workers feel very active every day, 40.3% of workers perceive that they have very good sleep quality , 68.1% have not taken any medication in the last month. In the last 12 months, the perception of discomfort by workers was 27.7%. The perception of pain related to sex shows us that 36% of females perceive moderate pain and 17% of males have no pain. Conclusion: we can affirm that in organizations employees are constantly exposed to work stress, which ends up manifesting in poor psychological and musculoskeletal conditions. In this study, workers present a significant increase in musculoskeletal symptoms; especially pain in the neck and back area. This not only affects the health of employees, but also their work life. Likewise, there is a small percentage of employees who reported having very poor sleep quality, who tend to take some medication to sleep. Which can end up affecting physical and mental well-being.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Estrés laboral, Calidad del sueño, Sistema osteomuscular, Salud de los trabajadores, Work stress, Sleep quality, Musculoskeletal system, Workers' health
