Influencia de la inteligencia artificial en la solicitud e imposición de medidas de aseguramiento
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Bolaño Retamozo, Nicole Michelle
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
En el año 2021, fue divulgado por el gobierno Colombiano el Plan Nacional de Política Criminal 2021-2025 en el que se aspira lograr un sistema carcelario más humano y miras a disminuir el nivel de reincidencia delictiva. Lo anterior, resulta una tarea compleja para los operarios judiciales pues, dada la notoria necesidad de definir la situación del indiciado el medio más recurrente llega a ser la detención preventiva como medida de aseguramiento.
Debido a lo anterior, se adoptó recientemente un proyecto piloto en Colombia de inteligencia artificial PRISMA (Perfil de Riesgo de Reincidencia para la Solicitud de Medidas de Aseguramiento) como una herramienta de apoyo a los jueces para decretarla, emitiendo por medio de un algoritmo, un porcentaje de probabilidad de reincidencia delincuencial, teniendo en cuenta características de cada individuo y sus antecedentes criminales. De este modo, lo que se pretende en este ensayo de tesis es realizar un análisis de la influencia de la Inteligencia Artificial entre sus notables beneficios en materia de eficacia y agilidad en la justicia colombiana que, a su vez llegará a contrastarse con los posibles prejuicios y/o derechos vulnerados traídos por esta, revisando de manera somera su posible inferencia entre los parámetros aportados y el resultado que arroja sobre el grado de peligrosidad de un individuo.
In 2021, the Colombian government published the National Criminal Policy Plan 2021-2025, which aims to achieve a more humane prison system and reduce the level of recidivism. This is a complex task for judicial operators because, given the notorious need to define the situation of the accused, the most recurrent means becomes preventive detention as a security measure. Due to the above, a pilot project of artificial intelligence PRISMA (Recidivism Risk Profile for the Request of Assurance Measures) was recently adopted in Colombia as a support tool for judges to decree it, issuing by means of an algorithm, a percentage of probability of criminal recidivism, taking into account characteristics of each individual and his criminal record. Thus, what is intended in this thesis essay is to perform an analysis of the influence of Artificial Intelligence among its remarkable benefits in terms of efficiency and agility in the Colombian justice system, which in turn will be contrasted with the possible prejudices and/or violated rights brought by it, reviewing in a cursory manner its possible inference between the parameters provided and the result it yields on the degree of dangerousness of an individual.
In 2021, the Colombian government published the National Criminal Policy Plan 2021-2025, which aims to achieve a more humane prison system and reduce the level of recidivism. This is a complex task for judicial operators because, given the notorious need to define the situation of the accused, the most recurrent means becomes preventive detention as a security measure. Due to the above, a pilot project of artificial intelligence PRISMA (Recidivism Risk Profile for the Request of Assurance Measures) was recently adopted in Colombia as a support tool for judges to decree it, issuing by means of an algorithm, a percentage of probability of criminal recidivism, taking into account characteristics of each individual and his criminal record. Thus, what is intended in this thesis essay is to perform an analysis of the influence of Artificial Intelligence among its remarkable benefits in terms of efficiency and agility in the Colombian justice system, which in turn will be contrasted with the possible prejudices and/or violated rights brought by it, reviewing in a cursory manner its possible inference between the parameters provided and the result it yields on the degree of dangerousness of an individual.
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Palabras clave
Detención preventiva, Libertad, Inteligencia artificial, Sistema prisma, Política criminal, Pretrial detention, Freedom, Artificial intelligence, Prism system, Criminal policy
