Diseño de estrategias para la afiliación de trabajadores informales al sistema de riesgos laborales colombiano
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Fecha
2018
Autores
Rodríguez Lara, Inés
Correa Oviedo, Adelina Rosa
Manga Toscano, Gean Franco
Anguila Caraballo, Juan Carlos
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La situación laboral en Colombia ha sido una de las más inestables en el tema de Riesgos Laborales especialmente en las personas que dependen económicamente de sí mismas, lo que lleva a plantear una gran cantidad de problemas que surgen de este aspecto; y no solo en la fluctuación económica sino también de cómo se está guardando la salud de estos trabajadores, puesto que un gran porcentaje no tiene un nivel educativo profesional que les permita conocer ciertas normas de seguridad lo que conlleva a un sin número de accidentes e incluso enfermedades de tipo laboral. La ley generaliza sobre la afiliación al Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales de dichos trabajadores informales, pero es necesario aclarar que estos deben cotizar en su totalidad el aporte, además de cotizar en el régimen contributivo de salud y esto no es más que otro problema monetario para este tipo de empleados, lo que produce cierto malestar y por ende que muchos desistan de ingresar a dicho sistema. Si en promedio un colombiano que trabaje por su propia cuenta gana menos de veinte mil pesos diario que incluso estaría por debajo del mínimo mensual legal vigente tiene ciertos gastos ya sea en su hogar además de alimentación y deudas estaría desgastando su vida para únicamente sobrevivir, pues no es lo suficiente para costear otras necesidades incluyendo los riesgos laborales.
Es aquí donde enfocamos el problema principal de la seguridad social específicamente riesgos laborales pues la poca ganancia que generan los trabajadores genera incertidumbre sobre su futuro laboral ya que es incierto. Aunque en principio el sistema general de riesgos
laborales mediante las entidades públicas y privadas utilizan normas y procedimientos
destinados a prevenir, proteger a los trabajadores no cubre con todos los sectores por lo que
la disposición vigente de salud ocupacional no se relaciona con la prevención de accidentes
y enfermedades laborales en ámbitos como el anteriormente descrito.
No es más decir que a pesar de las reformas hechas al sistema, no se le ha dado la suficiente
importancia a este tema en particular, es fácil decir las cosas, pero el problema perdurar en
la medida que no hagamos algo concreto para solucionarlo.
The labor situation in Colombia has been one of the most unstable in the area of Occupational Risks, especially in people who depend economically on themselves, which leads to a large number of problems arising from this aspect; and not only in the economic fluctuation but also in how the health of these workers is being saved, since a large percentage does not have a professional level of education that allows them to know certain safety standards which leads to a number of accidents and even occupational diseases. The law generalizes about the affiliation to the General System of Labor Risks of said informal workers, but it is necessary to clarify that these must quote in full the contribution, besides contributing in the contributory health regime and this is not just another monetary problem for This type of employees, which produces some discomfort and therefore many desist from entering the system. If on average a Colombian working for his own account earns less than twenty thousand pesos a day that would even be below the current legal monthly minimum, he has certain expenses in his home as well as food and debt would be wasting his life to only survive, because It is not enough to cover other needs, including labor risks. This is where we focus the main problem of social security specifically occupational risks because the little profit generated by the workers generates uncertainty about their future work since it is uncertain. Although in principle the general system of occupational risks through public and private entities use rules and procedures to prevent, protect workers does not cover all sectors so the current provision of occupational health is not related to the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases in areas such as the one described above. It is no more to say that in spite of the reforms made to the system, this particular issue has not been given enough importance, it is easy to say things, but the problem will persist as long as we do not do something concrete to solve it.
The labor situation in Colombia has been one of the most unstable in the area of Occupational Risks, especially in people who depend economically on themselves, which leads to a large number of problems arising from this aspect; and not only in the economic fluctuation but also in how the health of these workers is being saved, since a large percentage does not have a professional level of education that allows them to know certain safety standards which leads to a number of accidents and even occupational diseases. The law generalizes about the affiliation to the General System of Labor Risks of said informal workers, but it is necessary to clarify that these must quote in full the contribution, besides contributing in the contributory health regime and this is not just another monetary problem for This type of employees, which produces some discomfort and therefore many desist from entering the system. If on average a Colombian working for his own account earns less than twenty thousand pesos a day that would even be below the current legal monthly minimum, he has certain expenses in his home as well as food and debt would be wasting his life to only survive, because It is not enough to cover other needs, including labor risks. This is where we focus the main problem of social security specifically occupational risks because the little profit generated by the workers generates uncertainty about their future work since it is uncertain. Although in principle the general system of occupational risks through public and private entities use rules and procedures to prevent, protect workers does not cover all sectors so the current provision of occupational health is not related to the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases in areas such as the one described above. It is no more to say that in spite of the reforms made to the system, this particular issue has not been given enough importance, it is easy to say things, but the problem will persist as long as we do not do something concrete to solve it.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Diseño, Estrategias, Afiliación, Design, Strategies, Affiliation