Factores de riesgos predisponentes para la aparición de malformaciones congénitas en mujeres de 15 a 20 años de edad en el Hospital de Barranquilla – Atlántico II periodo 2008
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Fecha
2008
Autores
Panzza Oquendo, Sandra Marcela
Morales Orozco, Maria Clara
Jaraba Méndez, Marta Ruth
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Se define como malformación congénita mayor a los defectos que tienen un compromiso funcional o estético importante para la vida del individuo, por lo que tienen consecuencias médicas, requieren de atención temprana, algunas veces de urgencia y, por tanto, tienen también repercusión psicosocial. El universo de trabajo quedó constituido por 25 casos (21 mujeres con historia de interrupción de la gestación por causa genética y 4 con antecedentes de al menos un hijo(a) fallecido por malformaciones congénitas) y se seleccionó igual cantidad de controles. Las malformaciones que más incidieron fueron las del sistema nervioso, digestivo y genitourinario. La efectividad del ultrasonido en el diagnóstico prenatal fue de 88 % y cuando se combinó con la cuantificación de Alfafetoproteína en suero materno, fue de un 100 % para el diagnóstico de los defectos congénitos abiertos. Los factores de riesgo que se asociaron con las malformaciones fueron los antecedentes familiares de estos defectos, los hábitos tóxicos y los antecedentes de amenaza de aborto, con un riesgo atribuible de 0.46, 0.37 y 0.32, respectivamente.
Congenital malformation is defined as the defects having an important functional or aesthetic compromise for the individual's life, so they have medical consequences, require early attention, sometimes of emergency and, therefore, they also have a psychosocial impact.. The working universe was composed of 25 cases (21 women with history of abortion due to genetic cause and 4 with previous history of at least a dead child as a result of congenital malformations). The same number of controls was selected. The malformations affecting the most were those of the nervous, digestive and genitourinary system. The efficacy of ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis was 88 %, and when it was combined with the quantification of alpha fetoprotein in maternal serum it was 100 % for the diagnosis of the open congenital defects. The risk factors associated with malformations were previous family history of these defects, the toxic habits and the antecedents of threatened abortion with an attributable risk of 0.46, 0.37 and 0.32, respectively. Recommendations were made.
Congenital malformation is defined as the defects having an important functional or aesthetic compromise for the individual's life, so they have medical consequences, require early attention, sometimes of emergency and, therefore, they also have a psychosocial impact.. The working universe was composed of 25 cases (21 women with history of abortion due to genetic cause and 4 with previous history of at least a dead child as a result of congenital malformations). The same number of controls was selected. The malformations affecting the most were those of the nervous, digestive and genitourinary system. The efficacy of ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis was 88 %, and when it was combined with the quantification of alpha fetoprotein in maternal serum it was 100 % for the diagnosis of the open congenital defects. The risk factors associated with malformations were previous family history of these defects, the toxic habits and the antecedents of threatened abortion with an attributable risk of 0.46, 0.37 and 0.32, respectively. Recommendations were made.
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Anomalías, Epidemiología, Factores de riesgos, Estilos de vida, Abnormalities, Epidemiology, Risk factors, Lifestyle
