Jurisdicción especial indígena en la comunidad Arhuaca: un modelo de justicia restaurativa frente al sistema procesal de tendencia acusatoria
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Grass Bernal, Abdon
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La comunidad Arhuaca como toda población indígena de Colombia, goza de autonomía para definir sus métodos de corrección cuando uno de sus miembros realiza una infracción. Su método se basa en la justicia restaurativa, cuyo análisis comparativo con el sistema acusatorio tradicional de Colombia, sienta las bases del presente ensayo, a fin de determinar, si tal método es más eficaz que los tradicionales utilizados en Colombia. Este trabajo se basa en una metodología cualitativa que estudia un fenómeno de acuerdo a un grupo social y deja una reflexión de lo analizado, utilizando además la descripción dentro de la investigación. Los principales resultados muestran que la justicia restaurativa implementada por los Arhuacos, está mucho más encaminada a la reparación de las víctimas, dando la posibilidad tanto de reparación de las víctimas como de incluir al victimario a procesos de rehabilitación adecuada dentro de la sociedad, a través de trabajos comunitarios. La conclusión a la que se llega con este trabajo, es que la justicia restaurativa funciona de manera más eficiente que el sistema acusatorio tradicional penal colombiano, ya que con este último no se consigue el objetivo de rehabilitación del victimario, permitiendo su integración a la sociedad, sin que sea excluido de la misma, sin dejar por fuera a la víctima y a su reparación, como punto fundamental del proceso.
The Arhuaca community, like any indigenous population in Colombia, enjoys autonomy in defining its methods of correction when one of its members commits an offence, its method is based on restorative justice, from this, the main objective of this essay is to make a reflection on the method of restorative justice used by the Arhuacos compared to the traditional accusatorial system of Colombia in order to determine whether the methods of this community They perform their function much better than those used in Colombia. This work is based on a qualitative methodology in which a phenomenon is studied according to a social group and a reflection of the analyzed is left, in turn, performed under a descriptive method of research. The main results show that restorative justice implemented by the Arhuacos is much more aimed at the reparation of victims and how to include the perpetrator within society through community work so that he is not excluded and can have adequate social rehabilitation. The conclusion reached with this work is that restorative justice works in a better way than the traditional Colombian criminal accusatory system since with the latter the objective of rehabilitating the victimizer and integrating into society is not achieved, being excluded also leaves out the victim and her reparation, which should be a fundamental point for the process.
The Arhuaca community, like any indigenous population in Colombia, enjoys autonomy in defining its methods of correction when one of its members commits an offence, its method is based on restorative justice, from this, the main objective of this essay is to make a reflection on the method of restorative justice used by the Arhuacos compared to the traditional accusatorial system of Colombia in order to determine whether the methods of this community They perform their function much better than those used in Colombia. This work is based on a qualitative methodology in which a phenomenon is studied according to a social group and a reflection of the analyzed is left, in turn, performed under a descriptive method of research. The main results show that restorative justice implemented by the Arhuacos is much more aimed at the reparation of victims and how to include the perpetrator within society through community work so that he is not excluded and can have adequate social rehabilitation. The conclusion reached with this work is that restorative justice works in a better way than the traditional Colombian criminal accusatory system since with the latter the objective of rehabilitating the victimizer and integrating into society is not achieved, being excluded also leaves out the victim and her reparation, which should be a fundamental point for the process.
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Palabras clave
Arhuaco, Justicia restaurativa, Sistema acusatorio, Crítica al sistema acusatorio, Restorative justice, Accusatorial system, Criticism of the accusatorial system
