Efectividad de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso sobre la regulación emocional en una mujer consumidora de sustancias psicoactivas
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Quintero Pedroza, Alexa Daniela
Espinel Torres, D’arcy Marcela
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El tratamiento de la dependencia a sustancias psicoactivas requiere un enfoque integral que aborde no solo los aspectos físicos, sino también los emocionales, psicológicos y sociales de los pacientes. En este contexto, la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) promueve la flexibilidad psicológica y mejora el manejo de las emociones y pensamientos en personas con adicciones. Este estudio de caso explora la aplicación de ACT en una paciente con un
historial de abuso de sustancias y dificultades emocionales, con el objetivo de evaluar su efectividad en la mejora de la sintomatología emocional y en la reducción de la evitación experiencial. A través de un enfoque metodológico de diseño de caso clínico, se evaluaron los síntomas emocionales y la flexibilidad psicológica de la paciente antes y después de la intervención terapéutica. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en la
sintomatología emocional, con una reducción del 78% en el malestar, y un avance del 36.84% en la flexibilidad psicológica. La intervención se centró en mejorar la capacidad de la paciente para aceptar sus pensamientos y emociones, promover la conexión con el presente, clarificar sus valores personales y generar acciones comprometidas alineadas con esos valores, indicando que ACT fue efectiva no solo para reducir los síntomas emocionales, sino
también para promover una mayor conciencia de los valores y el compromiso con un cambio positivo en su vida. Este trabajo concluye que ACT es una intervención valiosa en el tratamiento de la dependencia a sustancias, permitiendo la regulación de emociones y pensamientos.
The treatment of substance use disorders requires a comprehensive approach that addresses not only the physical aspects but also the emotional, psychological, and social factors of patients. In this context, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has emerged as an effective tool for promoting psychological flexibility and improving the management of emotions and thoughts in individuals with addictions. This case study explores the application of ACT in a patient with a complex history of substance abuse and emotional difficulties, with the aim of evaluating its effectiveness in improving emotional symptoms and reducing experiential avoidance. Through a methodological approach based on psychometric scales such as the DASS-21, GHQ-12, and AAQ-II, the patient’s emotional symptoms and psychological flexibility were assessed before and after the therapeutic intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in emotional symptoms, with a 78% reduction in the GHQ-12 score, and a 36.84% improvement in psychological flexibility, evidenced by a decrease in experiential avoidance as measured by the AAQ-II. The intervention, based on the principles of ACT, focused on improving the patient's ability to accept their thoughts and emotions, promote connection with the present moment, clarify personal values, and take committed actions aligned with those values. The results indicate that ACT was effective not only in reducing emotional symptoms but also in fostering greater awareness of values and commitment to positive change in the patient’s life. This work concludes that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is a valuable intervention in the treatment of substance use disorders, as it enables patients to develop tools to manage their emotions and thoughts.
The treatment of substance use disorders requires a comprehensive approach that addresses not only the physical aspects but also the emotional, psychological, and social factors of patients. In this context, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has emerged as an effective tool for promoting psychological flexibility and improving the management of emotions and thoughts in individuals with addictions. This case study explores the application of ACT in a patient with a complex history of substance abuse and emotional difficulties, with the aim of evaluating its effectiveness in improving emotional symptoms and reducing experiential avoidance. Through a methodological approach based on psychometric scales such as the DASS-21, GHQ-12, and AAQ-II, the patient’s emotional symptoms and psychological flexibility were assessed before and after the therapeutic intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in emotional symptoms, with a 78% reduction in the GHQ-12 score, and a 36.84% improvement in psychological flexibility, evidenced by a decrease in experiential avoidance as measured by the AAQ-II. The intervention, based on the principles of ACT, focused on improving the patient's ability to accept their thoughts and emotions, promote connection with the present moment, clarify personal values, and take committed actions aligned with those values. The results indicate that ACT was effective not only in reducing emotional symptoms but also in fostering greater awareness of values and commitment to positive change in the patient’s life. This work concludes that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is a valuable intervention in the treatment of substance use disorders, as it enables patients to develop tools to manage their emotions and thoughts.
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Palabras clave
Terapia de aceptación y Compromiso, Flexibilidad psicológica, Adicción, Intervención terapéutica, Regulación emocional
