Acceso a la justicia transicional con enfoque restaurativo: experiencia del colectivo Narrar para Vivir como parte del proceso de paz en el marco del acuerdo de Paz de 2016
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Goenaga Polo, Oreth Dayanis
Ming Padilla, Fanny Margarita
Morales Rada, Valery
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
En la presente investigación se analiza el acceso a la Justicia Transicional con enfoque restaurativo desde la perspectiva de Narrar para Vivir en el marco del Acuerdo de Paz de 2016 siendo una herramienta necesaria para abordar las consecuencias del conflicto armado, centrándose en la participación de las víctimas para reconstruir el tejido social. Con el Colectivo de mujeres “Narrar para Vivir”
situado en los Montes de María, se fundamenta en cómo la memoria, la verdad y la reparación se convierten en elementos clave para acceder a la justicia y construcción de una paz verdadera.
De ahí, la necesidad de abordar la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP) en Colombia que conforma el Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición (SIVJRNR) propiciando la necesidad de detener la lógica de un sistema meramente punitivo y, en cambio, potenciar la justicia restaurativa con prácticas centradas en las víctimas para esclarecer hechos, garantizar derechos y fortalecer espacios de reconstrucción de memoria. Para ello, se analiza la evolución e implementación de la justicia transicional a nivel nacional e internacional. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, se revisaron textos científicos, material audiovisual, y efectuaron dos entrevistas a dos abogados referentes, Eduardo Palencia y Maury Almanza, permitiendo sustentar la tesis formulada y enriquecer los argumentos en torno a la importancia de la justicia restaurativa en contextos de paz. Para esto, se considera que las víctimas se convierten en actores clave del proceso, siendo esta la motivación de las mujeres del colectivo para la presentación del informe priorizando 23 casos ante la JEP. Sin embargo, también se tienen en cuenta los retos que enfrenta su implementación.
This research analyzes access to Transitional Justice with a restorative approach from the perspective of Narrar para Vivir within the framework of the 2016 Peace Agreement, considering it a necessary tool to address the consequences of the armed conflict and to focus on victims’ participation in rebuilding the social fabric. Based on the women’s collective Narrar para Vivir, located in the Montes de Maria region, the study emphasizes how memory, truth, and reparation become key elements for accessing justice and constructing a genuine peace. Accordingly, the need arises to examine the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) in Colombia, which forms part of the Comprehensive System of Truth, Justice, Reparation and Non-Repetition (SIVJRNR), promoting a shift away from a purely punitive logic toward restorative justice practices centered on victims, aimed at clarifying facts, guaranteeing rights, and strengthening spaces for memory reconstruction. To this end, the study analyzes the evolution and implementation of transitional justice at both national and international levels. For the development of this research, scientific literature and audiovisual materials were reviewed, and two interviews were conducted with prominent lawyers, Eduardo Palencia and Maury Almanza, which supported the thesis and enriched the arguments regarding the importance of restorative justice in peace contexts. This approach highlights how victims become key actors in the process, which was the motivation for the women of the collective to submit their report prioritizing 23 cases before the JEP, while also acknowledging the challenges faced in its implementation.
This research analyzes access to Transitional Justice with a restorative approach from the perspective of Narrar para Vivir within the framework of the 2016 Peace Agreement, considering it a necessary tool to address the consequences of the armed conflict and to focus on victims’ participation in rebuilding the social fabric. Based on the women’s collective Narrar para Vivir, located in the Montes de Maria region, the study emphasizes how memory, truth, and reparation become key elements for accessing justice and constructing a genuine peace. Accordingly, the need arises to examine the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) in Colombia, which forms part of the Comprehensive System of Truth, Justice, Reparation and Non-Repetition (SIVJRNR), promoting a shift away from a purely punitive logic toward restorative justice practices centered on victims, aimed at clarifying facts, guaranteeing rights, and strengthening spaces for memory reconstruction. To this end, the study analyzes the evolution and implementation of transitional justice at both national and international levels. For the development of this research, scientific literature and audiovisual materials were reviewed, and two interviews were conducted with prominent lawyers, Eduardo Palencia and Maury Almanza, which supported the thesis and enriched the arguments regarding the importance of restorative justice in peace contexts. This approach highlights how victims become key actors in the process, which was the motivation for the women of the collective to submit their report prioritizing 23 cases before the JEP, while also acknowledging the challenges faced in its implementation.
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Palabras clave
Justicia transicional, Justicia restaurativa, Narrar para Vivir, Enfoque de género y paz
