“Barreras entorno al derecho de salud de los habitantes de calle en Cúcuta”
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Garcia Nieto, Enmanuel Andrés
Suarez Soto, Ricardo Andrés
Guevara Landazábal, Diego Fernando
Justacaro Chona, Gilbert Andrés
Chacón Flores, Javier Andrés
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El documento aborda las barreras que enfrentan los habitantes de calle en Cúcuta para acceder al derecho fundamental a la salud, a pesar de existir un marco normativo en Colombia que lo respalda, como la Constitución y la Ley Estatutaria 1751 de 2015. Se expone que esta población está expuesta a exclusión social, económica y administrativa, agravada por condiciones precarias, alta movilidad, enfermedades crónicas, consumo de sustancias y estigmatización. En Cúcuta, la mayoría son hombres jóvenes y un alto porcentaje son migrantes venezolanos, cuya situación se complica por la insuficiencia y fragmentación de políticas públicas locales. El enfoque metodológico fue cualitativo, descriptivo y analítico sobre fuentes documentales, integrando marcos legales, teorías sociales y datos institucionales. Los resultados evidencian baja afiliación al sistema de salud, atención médica deficiente y poca satisfacción, acompañados de discriminación y procesos burocráticos que impiden la continuidad y integralidad del servicio. Se concluye que la atención requiere un enfoque diferencial, inclusivo y la transformación estructural de las políticas, fortaleciendo la articulación interinstitucional y la participación activa de esta población para garantizar su dignidad y derechos en un contexto social complejo y fronterizo. Se sugieren mejoras en cobertura, protocolos, capacitación y diálogo institucional para reducir la exclusión persistente.
The document addresses the barriers faced by homeless people in Cúcuta in accessing the fundamental right to health, despite the existence of a legal framework in Colombia that supports it, such as the Constitution and Statutory Law 1751 of 2015. It highlights that this population is exposed to social, economic, and administrative exclusion, worsened by precarious living conditions, high mobility, chronic illnesses, substance use, and stigmatization. In Cúcuta, most are young men, and a high percentage are Venezuelan migrants, whose situation is further complicated by the insufficiency and fragmentation of local public policies. The methodological approach was qualitative, descriptive, and analytical, based on documentary sources and integrating legal frameworks, social theories, and institutional data. The findings show low enrollment in the health system, poor quality of medical care, and low satisfaction levels, accompanied by discrimination and bureaucratic processes that hinder continuity and comprehensiveness of services. It concludes that healthcare provision requires a differential and inclusive approach, as well as a structural transformation of policies, strengthening inter-institutional coordination and promoting the active participation of this population to guarantee their dignity and rights within a complex and borderland social context. Improvements are suggested in coverage, protocols, training, and institutional dialogue to reduce persistent exclusion.
The document addresses the barriers faced by homeless people in Cúcuta in accessing the fundamental right to health, despite the existence of a legal framework in Colombia that supports it, such as the Constitution and Statutory Law 1751 of 2015. It highlights that this population is exposed to social, economic, and administrative exclusion, worsened by precarious living conditions, high mobility, chronic illnesses, substance use, and stigmatization. In Cúcuta, most are young men, and a high percentage are Venezuelan migrants, whose situation is further complicated by the insufficiency and fragmentation of local public policies. The methodological approach was qualitative, descriptive, and analytical, based on documentary sources and integrating legal frameworks, social theories, and institutional data. The findings show low enrollment in the health system, poor quality of medical care, and low satisfaction levels, accompanied by discrimination and bureaucratic processes that hinder continuity and comprehensiveness of services. It concludes that healthcare provision requires a differential and inclusive approach, as well as a structural transformation of policies, strengthening inter-institutional coordination and promoting the active participation of this population to guarantee their dignity and rights within a complex and borderland social context. Improvements are suggested in coverage, protocols, training, and institutional dialogue to reduce persistent exclusion.
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Palabras clave
Habitantes de calle, Políticas públicas, Servicio de salud, Afectaciones, Vulneración
