Clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral en contextos productivos del Caribe Colombiano: una mirada desde distintos sectores económicos
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Fernández Escalante, Seneida Andrea
Pérez González, Ruby Marcela
Quintero Quinchia, Mayerly
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivo: Describir las percepciones de los trabajadores de distintos sectores
económicos del Caribe colombiano respecto al clima organizacional y la satisfacción
laboral en sus entornos laborales.
Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y
transversal entre julio de 2024 y febrero de 2025 en Barranquilla, Colombia, con una
muestra de 66 trabajadores de los sectores servicios, industria y construcción,
seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, bajo criterios
de inclusión como mayoría de edad, antigüedad mínima de seis meses y
consentimiento informado. Para la recolección de datos, se aplicaron dos
cuestionarios autoadministrados y validados: uno basado en los lineamientos de la
norma ISO 9001:2015 para evaluar el clima organizacional, reconocido
internacionalmente por su enfoque en la gestión de calidad y mejora continua. Este
cuestionario abarcó dimensiones clave relacionadas con el entorno laboral, tales
como liderazgo, comunicación interna, participación del personal, trabajo en equipo,
compromiso organizacional y condiciones físicas y emocionales del ambiente de
trabajo, y otro, el Cuestionario de Satisfacción Laboral S20/23 de Meliá y Peiró
(1998), ampliamente reconocido en contextos iberoamericanos La satisfacción
laboral se midió mediante el Cuestionario de Satisfacción Laboral S20/23
desarrollado por Meliá y Peiró (1998), ampliamente validado en contextos
iberoamericanos. Ambos instrumentos emplearon una escala Likert de cinco puntos
para evaluar la intensidad de las percepciones y actitudes de los participantes.
Además, se diseñó un cuestionario estructurado para recopilar información
sociodemográfica y laboral, incluyendo variables como sector económico, sexo,
nivel educativo, antigüedad y estado de salud auto percibido. Se garantizó el respeto
a los principios éticos fundamentales, asegurando la autonomía, confidencialidad y
voluntariedad de los participantes, con aprobación previa de un comité de ética.
Finalmente, el procesamiento y análisis de los datos se realizó utilizando Python,
empleando las bibliotecas Pandas y Numpy para la manipulación de datos y
Seaborn para la visualización estadística, permitiendo un análisis descriptivo
riguroso que facilitó la identificación de tendencias en las percepciones sobre el
clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral.
Objective: To describe the perceptions of workers from various economic sectors in the Colombian Caribbean regarding organizational climate and job satisfaction in their work environments. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2024 and February 2025 in Barranquilla, Colombia. The sample consisted of 66 workers from the service, industrial, and construction sectors, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling based on inclusion criteria such as being of legal age, having a minimum job tenure of six months, and providing informed consent. Data collection involved the use of two validated self-administered questionnaires. The first was based on the guidelines of the ISO 9001:2015 standard to assess organizational climate, internationally recognized for its focus on quality management and continuous improvement. This instrument covered key workplace dimensions, including leadership, internal communication, employee participation, teamwork, organizational commitment, and the physical and emotional conditions of the work environment. The second instrument was the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23 by Meliá and Peiró (1998), widely validated in Ibero-American contexts. Both instruments employed a five-point Likert scale to evaluate the intensity of participants’ perceptions and attitudes. Additionally, a structured questionnaire was designed to collect sociodemographic and occupational information, including variables such as economic sector, gender, educational level, job tenure, and self-perceived health status. Ethical principles such as autonomy, confidentiality, and voluntary participation were fully respected, with prior approval by an ethics committee. Data processing and analysis were performed using Python, employing Pandas and Numpy libraries for data handling, and Seaborn for statistical visualization, allowing a rigorous descriptive analysis to identify trends in perceptions of organizational climate and job satisfaction.
Objective: To describe the perceptions of workers from various economic sectors in the Colombian Caribbean regarding organizational climate and job satisfaction in their work environments. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2024 and February 2025 in Barranquilla, Colombia. The sample consisted of 66 workers from the service, industrial, and construction sectors, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling based on inclusion criteria such as being of legal age, having a minimum job tenure of six months, and providing informed consent. Data collection involved the use of two validated self-administered questionnaires. The first was based on the guidelines of the ISO 9001:2015 standard to assess organizational climate, internationally recognized for its focus on quality management and continuous improvement. This instrument covered key workplace dimensions, including leadership, internal communication, employee participation, teamwork, organizational commitment, and the physical and emotional conditions of the work environment. The second instrument was the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23 by Meliá and Peiró (1998), widely validated in Ibero-American contexts. Both instruments employed a five-point Likert scale to evaluate the intensity of participants’ perceptions and attitudes. Additionally, a structured questionnaire was designed to collect sociodemographic and occupational information, including variables such as economic sector, gender, educational level, job tenure, and self-perceived health status. Ethical principles such as autonomy, confidentiality, and voluntary participation were fully respected, with prior approval by an ethics committee. Data processing and analysis were performed using Python, employing Pandas and Numpy libraries for data handling, and Seaborn for statistical visualization, allowing a rigorous descriptive analysis to identify trends in perceptions of organizational climate and job satisfaction.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cultura organizacional, Satisfacción en el trabajo, Sector público-privado, Condiciones de trabajo
