Evaluación ergonómica del proceso llenado de bidones en una industria de alimentos del distrito de Barranquilla: un estudio de caso
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Fernández Aponte, Isolda Cecilia
Granados Camacho, William Elías
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
La Ergonomía es una disciplina que tiene múltiples aplicaciones en la actualidad,
reflejadas en sus diversas subdisciplinas que se relacionan con las etapas de su
evolución. Una de las áreas que aborda la Ergonomía es la Macro ergonomía la
cual se ocupa de mejorar la organización y el diseño de los sistemas de trabajo,
teniendo en cuenta las estructuras y la gestión de la empresa. Para ello, no solo
considera los aspectos individuales de los puestos de trabajo, sino también los
colectivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue, realizar una evaluación ergonómica del
proceso envase de bidones de una industria de alimentos del distrito de
Barranquilla. La investigación se abordó como un estudio observacional,
descriptivo, de corte transversal, aplicado a un puesto de trabajo que consiste en el
llenado de bidones. Para la evaluación ergonómica se utilizaron las metodologías
Reba y Ocra, las cuales determinaron un nivel de riesgo muy alto para carga física
y en cuanto a repetitividad de movimientos un índice ponderado de 27,42 en el
miembro superior derecho y 18,98 en el izquierdo. Es importante tomar medidas
inmediatas, dado que a corto plazo pueden presentarse alteraciones en el sistema
osteomuscular, principalmente en los miembros superiores.
Ergonomics is a discipline that has multiple applications today, reflected in its various subdisciplines that are related to the stages of its evolution. One of the areas that Ergonomics addresses is Macro ergonomics, which deals with improving the organization and design of work systems, taking into account the structures and management of the company. To do this, it not only considers the individual aspects of jobs, but also the collective ones. The objective of this study was to carry out an ergonomic evaluation of the drum packaging process of a food industry in the district of Barranquilla. The research was approached as an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, applied to a job that consists of filling drums. For the ergonomic evaluation, the Reba and Ocra methodologies were used, which determined a very high level of risk for physical load and in terms of repetitiveness of movements, a weighted index of 27.42 in the right upper limb and 18.98 in the left. . It is important to take immediate measures, given that in the short term there may be alterations in the musculoskeletal system, mainly in the upper limbs.
Ergonomics is a discipline that has multiple applications today, reflected in its various subdisciplines that are related to the stages of its evolution. One of the areas that Ergonomics addresses is Macro ergonomics, which deals with improving the organization and design of work systems, taking into account the structures and management of the company. To do this, it not only considers the individual aspects of jobs, but also the collective ones. The objective of this study was to carry out an ergonomic evaluation of the drum packaging process of a food industry in the district of Barranquilla. The research was approached as an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, applied to a job that consists of filling drums. For the ergonomic evaluation, the Reba and Ocra methodologies were used, which determined a very high level of risk for physical load and in terms of repetitiveness of movements, a weighted index of 27.42 in the right upper limb and 18.98 in the left. . It is important to take immediate measures, given that in the short term there may be alterations in the musculoskeletal system, mainly in the upper limbs.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Riesgos biomecánico, Ergonomía, Carga física, Postura, Automatización, Biomechanical risks, Ergonomics, Physical load, Posture, Automation
