Fortalecimiento institucional de la consulta popular como mecanismo de participación ciudadana en Colombia
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Muñoz Ariza, Juan José
Núñez Rodríguez, Aidée María
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La consulta popular y sus alcances han representado para Colombia y el ejercicio de las potestades participativas y democráticas del pueblo en decisiones políticas un debate de minucioso cuidado, representando disyuntivas y retos para su correcta aplicación, por ello, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las fortalezas Institucionales de la consulta popular como mecanismo de participación Ciudadana en Colombia. En el desarrollo de lo anterior se trabajó bajo un enfoque cualitativo, orientado a la comprensión e interpretación del fortalecimiento institucional de la consulta popular como mecanismo de participación ciudadana en Colombia , igualmente, el estudio es de tipo documental, descriptivo y analítico; como técnicas de investigación se utilizan la revisión documental y el análisis hermenéutico. Los resultados demostraron que la consulta popular constituye un mecanismo institucional funcional, jurídicamente relevante y políticamente significativo, capaz de incidir en la gestión pública y en la toma de decisiones estatales. Esta investigación permite concluir que es urgente fortalecer institucionalmente la consulta popular, no solo como mecanismo formal, sino como una manifestación real del ejercicio del poder constituyente primario. Se emplea el método histórico–hermenéutico. Respecto a las recomendaciones, se esclareció que, aunque hay desafíos, es posible mejorar la preparación de los colombianos para atender el llamado de los mecanismos de participación ciudadana mediante esfuerzos sostenidos para fortalecer la educación cívica, la conciencia ciudadana y la cultura política. Para mejorar la eficacia de la consulta popular y superar sus debilidades, es fundamental implementar una serie de medidas orientadas a fortalecer tanto el proceso como la participación ciudadana.
The referendum and its scope have been the subject of careful debate in Colombia and the exercise of the participatory and democratic powers of the people in political decisions, presenting dilemmas and challenges for its correct application. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the institutional strengths of the referendum as a mechanism for citizen participation in Colombia. In developing the above, a qualitative approach was used, aimed at understanding and interpreting the institutional strengthening of the popular consultation as a mechanism for citizen participation in Colombia. Likewise, the study is documentary, descriptive, and analytical in nature; documentary review and hermeneutic analysis were used as research techniques. The results showed that popular consultation is a functional, legally relevant, and politically significant institutional mechanism capable of influencing public management and state decision-making. This research leads to the conclusion that it is urgent to institutionally strengthen popular consultation, not only as a formal mechanism but also as a real manifestation of the exercise of primary constituent power. The historical-hermeneutic method is used. With regard to the recommendations, it was clarified that, although there are challenges, it is possible to improve Colombians' readiness to respond to the call of citizen participation mechanisms through sustained efforts to strengthen civic education, citizen awareness, and political culture. To improve the effectiveness of popular consultation and overcome its weaknesses, it is essential to implement a series of measures aimed at strengthening both the process and citizen participation.
The referendum and its scope have been the subject of careful debate in Colombia and the exercise of the participatory and democratic powers of the people in political decisions, presenting dilemmas and challenges for its correct application. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the institutional strengths of the referendum as a mechanism for citizen participation in Colombia. In developing the above, a qualitative approach was used, aimed at understanding and interpreting the institutional strengthening of the popular consultation as a mechanism for citizen participation in Colombia. Likewise, the study is documentary, descriptive, and analytical in nature; documentary review and hermeneutic analysis were used as research techniques. The results showed that popular consultation is a functional, legally relevant, and politically significant institutional mechanism capable of influencing public management and state decision-making. This research leads to the conclusion that it is urgent to institutionally strengthen popular consultation, not only as a formal mechanism but also as a real manifestation of the exercise of primary constituent power. The historical-hermeneutic method is used. With regard to the recommendations, it was clarified that, although there are challenges, it is possible to improve Colombians' readiness to respond to the call of citizen participation mechanisms through sustained efforts to strengthen civic education, citizen awareness, and political culture. To improve the effectiveness of popular consultation and overcome its weaknesses, it is essential to implement a series of measures aimed at strengthening both the process and citizen participation.
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Palabras clave
Consulta popular, Democracia, Mecanismo de participación, Poder popular, Participación ciudadana