Atención al delito de feminicidio por parte de la comunidad del barrio Carora de la ciudad de Cúcuta Norte de Santander durante el periodo comprendido entre febrero del 2021 y junio 2022
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Mora Sandoval, Mariajose
Muñoz Ramón, Emerson
Arredondo Bautista, Maria Fernanda
Romero Forero, Lizeth Juliana
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Antecedente Internacional
Las investigaciones de feminicidio son exuberantes y para ello a nivel internacional encontramos un análisis y descripción que se hizo en cuanto a sentencias dictadas en España que se centraron en el tema principal que es el feminicidio; allí se proponen algunas acciones para incorporar hallazgos de diversos casos que se puedan presentar en la intervención terapéutica con maltratadores, en la protección de víctimas en alto riesgo de ser asesinadas y en los procesos de valoración del riesgo. Además, en América Latina, la normativa que hay para la protección de las mujeres en algunas ocasiones no es ejecutada de manera igualitaria. Todos los estados latinoamericanos han ratificado la convención sobre la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer. (ACNUDH, 1981)
Antecedente Nacional
A nivel nacional se tomó investigación y trabajo en materia de feminicidio es: “El feminicidio: realidad o mentira dentro de la política pública colombiana”. Elaborado por varios estudiantes de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bogotá (2013). Este insumo académico parte del estado del arte del feminicidio en seis países de América Latina (entre ellos Colombia) durante los últimos tiempos, que pone en evidencia la prioridad que se le debe dar en dictaminar la tipificación del feminicidio, y no dejarla meramente como un homicidio agravado, sino que por el contrario sea un delito autónomo en la legislatura de nuestro país. Este trabajo retomó importancia al contraponer la política pública con las descripciones sobre feminicidio propuestos por Diana Russell y Lagarde.
Antecedente Local
A nivel local, las investigaciones que se realizaron están motivadas por un número creciente de cifras en estadísticas que el tema es realmente preocupante. Relacionado con esto, una investigación que se titula "La institucionalidad en el del feminicidio: elementos que indican la ocurrencia”. De manera que “Dada la creciente problemática de feminicidio en el país, en el departamento Norte de Santander y en la ciudad de Cúcuta se desarrolla el presente trabajo investigativo con el fin de identificar elementos característicos del feminicidio
Objetivos
Ahora bien, en el país de Colombia, en la ciudad de Cúcuta del departamento de Norte de Santander se desarrolla la presente investigación con el objetivo de analizar la atención que recibe el delito de feminicidio en el barrio Carora de la ciudad de Cúcuta Norte de Santander, durante el periodo comprendido entre febrero del 2021 y junio de 2022. Además, para lograr este objetivo se establecieron como objetivos específicos Identificar los conocimientos que tiene la comunidad del barrio Carora de la ciudad de Cúcuta Norte de Santander, sobre el delito del feminicidio, en segundo determinar las acciones que han implementado y ejecutado las instituciones encargadas de dar respuesta al delito del feminicidio en el barrio Carora y por ultimo examinar la situación de la comunidad, respecto a acciones puntuales de prevención del feminicidio, en el barrio Carora.
Materiales y Métodos
Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron como métodos la observación ya que es una forma discreta y sencilla de conocer el comportamiento de un objeto de estudio de manera directa; este método se caracteriza por no ser intrusivo y requiere evaluar el comportamiento del fenómeno estudiado (Sordo, 2021), así mismo, se utilizó la entrevista que es una técnica de gran utilidad para recabar datos, existe una clasificación de acuerdo a su planeación, en este caso la entrevista semiestructurada: presenta una mayor flexibilidad debido a que las preguntas planeadas pueden ajustarse a los entrevistadores (Díaz, 2013) y finalmente se abordó la entrevista grupal que es una conversación que tienen unos objetivos y se desarrolló en una situación social de interrogación implicando a un profesional y un grupo, el diseño debe estar realizado previo a la realización de dicha entrevista y dependerá de lo que se desea obtener de esta (Vázquez, 2008)
Los métodos que se utilizaron para el procesamiento de análisis de información fueron dos, primero se utilizó el subrayado como uno de los criterios, posterior a eso lo codificamos en una matriz que nos permite sistematizar la información con el fin de hacer un paralelo luego de tener los datos obtenidos se utilizó la triangulación que es una herramienta enriquecedora que le confiere a un estudio rigor, profundidad, complejidad y permite dar grados variables de consistencia a los hallazgos. A la vez permite reducir sesgos y aumentar la comprensión de un fenómeno (Denzi y Lincoln, 2000)
Resultados y Conclusión
Según los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir, primeramente que con la información recolectada se evidenció la falta de información frente al tema, las causas que estarían generando este tipo de delito y así mismo el desconocimiento de la existencia de una legislación enfocada en la protección, prevención, sanción y erradicación de la violencia contra la mujer. Por otra parte queda reflejado el desconocimiento de aquellas instituciones que están autorizadas en brindar atención para estos casos, la mayoría de la población consultada no conoce los canales para acceder a los servicios que brinda la institucionalidad frente al tema y es necesario y urgente implementar campañas pedagógicas en la comunidad que permitan a este sector llegar a un conocimiento más amplio frente a la problemática para comenzar a gestar acciones que puedan contrarrestarlo.
ABSTRACT International Background The investigations of feminicide are exuberant and for this at the international level we found an analysis and description that was made in terms of sentences handed down in Spain that focused on the main topic which is feminicide; there some actions are proposed to incorporate findings of various cases that may be presented in the therapeutic intervention with abusers, in the protection of victims at high risk of being murdered and in the processes of risk assessment. Furthermore, in Latin America, the regulations that exist for the protection of women are sometimes not enforced equally. All Latin American states have ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (OHCHR, 1981). National Background At the national level, research and work on feminicide was carried out: "Feminicide: reality or lie within Colombian public policy". Prepared by several students of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bogotá (2013). This academic input is based on the state of the art of feminicide in six Latin American countries (including Colombia) in recent times, which highlights the priority that should be given to rule on the classification of feminicide, and not leave it merely as an aggravated homicide, but on the contrary be an autonomous crime in the legislature of our country. This work took on importance by contrasting public policy with the descriptions of feminicide proposed by Diana Russell and Lagarde. Local Background At the local level, the investigations that were carried out are motivated by a growing number of figures in statistics in which the issue is really worrying. Related to this, a research entitled "Institutionalism in the of feminicide: elements that indicate the occurrence". So that "Given the growing problem of feminicide in the country, in the department of Norte de Santander and in the city of Cúcuta, this research work is developed in order to identify characteristic elements of femicide. Objectives Now, in the country of Colombia, in the city of Cúcuta of the department of Norte de Santander the present research is developed with the objective of analyzing the attention received by the crime of feminicide in the Carora neighborhood of the city of Cúcuta Norte de Santander, during the period between February 2021 and June 2022. In addition, to achieve this objective, specific objectives were established to identify the knowledge that the community of the Carora neighborhood of the city of Cúcuta Norte de Santander has about the crime of feminicide, secondly to determine the actions that have been implemented and executed by the institutions in charge of responding to the crime of femicide in the Carora neighborhood and finally to examine the situation of the community, regarding specific actions for the prevention of feminicide in the Carora neighborhood. Materials and Methods Observation was used as a method for data collection, since it is a discrete and simple way to know the behavior of an object of study directly; this method is characterized by not being intrusive and requires evaluating the behavior of the phenomenon studied (Sordo, 2021), likewise, the interview was used, which is a very useful technique to collect data, there is a classification according to its planning, in this case the semi-structured interview: presents greater flexibility because the planned questions can be adjusted to the interviewers (Diaz, 2013) and finally the group interview was approached which is a conversation that has some objectives and was developed in a social situation of interrogation involving a professional and a group, the design must be done prior to conducting the interview and will depend on what is to be obtained from it (Vazquez, 2008). The methods used for the processing of information analysis were two, first we used underlining as one of the criteria, after that we codified it in a matrix that allows us to systematize the information in order to make a parallel after having the data obtained we used triangulation which is an enriching tool that gives a study rigor, depth, complexity and allows us to give varying degrees of consistency to the findings. At the same time, it allows to reduce biases and increase the understanding of a phenomenon (Denzi and Lincoln, 2000). Results and Conclusion According to the results obtained, it can be concluded, first of all, that the information collected revealed a lack of information on the subject, the causes that generate this type of crime and the lack of knowledge of the existence of legislation focused on the protection, prevention, punishment and eradication of violence against women. On the other hand, it is reflected the lack of knowledge of those institutions that are authorized to provide care for these cases, most of the consulted population does not know the channels to access the services provided by the institutionality on the subject and it is necessary and urgent to implement educational campaigns in the community that allow this sector to reach a broader knowledge of the problem to begin to develop actions that can counteract it.
ABSTRACT International Background The investigations of feminicide are exuberant and for this at the international level we found an analysis and description that was made in terms of sentences handed down in Spain that focused on the main topic which is feminicide; there some actions are proposed to incorporate findings of various cases that may be presented in the therapeutic intervention with abusers, in the protection of victims at high risk of being murdered and in the processes of risk assessment. Furthermore, in Latin America, the regulations that exist for the protection of women are sometimes not enforced equally. All Latin American states have ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (OHCHR, 1981). National Background At the national level, research and work on feminicide was carried out: "Feminicide: reality or lie within Colombian public policy". Prepared by several students of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bogotá (2013). This academic input is based on the state of the art of feminicide in six Latin American countries (including Colombia) in recent times, which highlights the priority that should be given to rule on the classification of feminicide, and not leave it merely as an aggravated homicide, but on the contrary be an autonomous crime in the legislature of our country. This work took on importance by contrasting public policy with the descriptions of feminicide proposed by Diana Russell and Lagarde. Local Background At the local level, the investigations that were carried out are motivated by a growing number of figures in statistics in which the issue is really worrying. Related to this, a research entitled "Institutionalism in the of feminicide: elements that indicate the occurrence". So that "Given the growing problem of feminicide in the country, in the department of Norte de Santander and in the city of Cúcuta, this research work is developed in order to identify characteristic elements of femicide. Objectives Now, in the country of Colombia, in the city of Cúcuta of the department of Norte de Santander the present research is developed with the objective of analyzing the attention received by the crime of feminicide in the Carora neighborhood of the city of Cúcuta Norte de Santander, during the period between February 2021 and June 2022. In addition, to achieve this objective, specific objectives were established to identify the knowledge that the community of the Carora neighborhood of the city of Cúcuta Norte de Santander has about the crime of feminicide, secondly to determine the actions that have been implemented and executed by the institutions in charge of responding to the crime of femicide in the Carora neighborhood and finally to examine the situation of the community, regarding specific actions for the prevention of feminicide in the Carora neighborhood. Materials and Methods Observation was used as a method for data collection, since it is a discrete and simple way to know the behavior of an object of study directly; this method is characterized by not being intrusive and requires evaluating the behavior of the phenomenon studied (Sordo, 2021), likewise, the interview was used, which is a very useful technique to collect data, there is a classification according to its planning, in this case the semi-structured interview: presents greater flexibility because the planned questions can be adjusted to the interviewers (Diaz, 2013) and finally the group interview was approached which is a conversation that has some objectives and was developed in a social situation of interrogation involving a professional and a group, the design must be done prior to conducting the interview and will depend on what is to be obtained from it (Vazquez, 2008). The methods used for the processing of information analysis were two, first we used underlining as one of the criteria, after that we codified it in a matrix that allows us to systematize the information in order to make a parallel after having the data obtained we used triangulation which is an enriching tool that gives a study rigor, depth, complexity and allows us to give varying degrees of consistency to the findings. At the same time, it allows to reduce biases and increase the understanding of a phenomenon (Denzi and Lincoln, 2000). Results and Conclusion According to the results obtained, it can be concluded, first of all, that the information collected revealed a lack of information on the subject, the causes that generate this type of crime and the lack of knowledge of the existence of legislation focused on the protection, prevention, punishment and eradication of violence against women. On the other hand, it is reflected the lack of knowledge of those institutions that are authorized to provide care for these cases, most of the consulted population does not know the channels to access the services provided by the institutionality on the subject and it is necessary and urgent to implement educational campaigns in the community that allow this sector to reach a broader knowledge of the problem to begin to develop actions that can counteract it.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Desigualdad, Violencia de género, Feminicidio, Inequality, Gender violence, Feminicide
