Sustancias psicoactivas y su impacto a nivel neuropsicológico en los adultos
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Barrios Viloria, Camilo José
Charris Díaz, Melisa Andrea
Villero Valdeblanquez, Laura Daniela
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Las sustancias psicoactivas son aquellas que se pueden introducir a el
organismo ya sea de forma oral, inhalada, inyectadas, entre otras, y estas pueden producir
alteraciones en el sistema nervioso central del individuo y modifican el estado de ánimo,
conciencia y el proceso de los pensamientos, su clasificación varía dependiendo a sus usos,
tanto el más frecuente como el menos frecuentes, o el más común como el menos común
señala (Gustavo, 2018).
Si bien se sabe el consumo de drogas no es un problema reciente y se ha vuelto más
constante de lo esperado en el transcurso de la historia y el estudio a las civilizaciones, se
pudo observar que el hombre ha consumido todo tipo de drogas y cada uno por diferentes
motivos, como religiones, cultura, rituales, como medicinas, practicas, distracciones entre
otras cosas (Sáenz Rovner, 2014).
El consumo drogas se ha visto reflejada mayormente y tristemente en las personas de 14
a 20 años, usualmente son jóvenes que utilizan este tipo de sustancias para experimentar y
sentirse plenos, la segunda población con mayor consumo de estas sustancias es de 20 a 30
años lo cual mayormente son universitarios y trabajadores que utilizan este tipo de
sustancias con fines recreativos y el consumo en fiestas, y por último están las personas de
30 a 50, personas que ya son estables, con familias, y quedan como consumidores viejos
que no han podido dejar este tipo de sustancias como lo menciona (Sáenz Rovner, 2014).
El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas no es una problemática contemporánea, según
(Pérez, 2018) De hecho, hoy día el mercado ha innovado a partir de las exigencias de los
consumidores como parte de los avances sociales y culturales de los sesentas y setentas,
como la marihuana, el LSD y los hongos, adjuntado con otras de aparición reciente.
(Milton J. Rojas Valero, 2013) Señala que las drogas afectan y modifican el
funcionamiento de nuestros organismos, ya que al momento de utilizarlas ya sea en
inyección, por inhalarlas o por ingestión estas se distribuyen en todo nuestro cuerpo, no
solo afectando la parte cerebral, sino también la corporal haciendo así que sus efectos sean
más graves.
Psychoactive substances are those that can be introduced into the body either orally, inhaled, injected, among others, and these can produce alterations in the central nervous system of the individual and modify the state of mind, consciousness and the process of thoughts, its classification varies depending on its uses, both the most frequent and the least frequent, or the most common and the least common points out (Gustavo, 2018). Although it is known that drug use is not a recent problem and has become more constant than expected over the course of history and the study of civilizations, it was observed that man has used all kinds of drugs and each for different reasons, such as religions, culture, rituals, such as medicines, practices, distractions, among other things (Sáenz Rovner, 2014). Drug use has been reflected mostly and sadly in people between 14 and 20 years old, they are usually young people who use this type of substance to experience and feel fulfilled, the second population with the highest consumption of these substances is between 20 and 30 years old. which are mostly university students and workers who use this type of substance for recreational purposes and consumption at parties, and finally there are people from 30 to 50, people who are already stable, with families, and are left as old consumers who have not been able to leave this type of substance as mentioned (Sáenz Rovner, 2014). The consumption of psychoactive substances is not a contemporary problem, according to (Pérez, 2018). In fact, today the market has innovated based on the demands of consumers as part of the social and cultural advances of the sixties and seventies, such as the marijuana, LSD and mushrooms, along with others of recent appearance. (Milton J. Rojas Valero, 2013) Points out that drugs affect and modify the functioning of our organisms, since when they are used either by injection, by inhalation or by ingestion, they are distributed throughout our body, not only affecting the brain, but also the body, thus making its effects more serious.
Psychoactive substances are those that can be introduced into the body either orally, inhaled, injected, among others, and these can produce alterations in the central nervous system of the individual and modify the state of mind, consciousness and the process of thoughts, its classification varies depending on its uses, both the most frequent and the least frequent, or the most common and the least common points out (Gustavo, 2018). Although it is known that drug use is not a recent problem and has become more constant than expected over the course of history and the study of civilizations, it was observed that man has used all kinds of drugs and each for different reasons, such as religions, culture, rituals, such as medicines, practices, distractions, among other things (Sáenz Rovner, 2014). Drug use has been reflected mostly and sadly in people between 14 and 20 years old, they are usually young people who use this type of substance to experience and feel fulfilled, the second population with the highest consumption of these substances is between 20 and 30 years old. which are mostly university students and workers who use this type of substance for recreational purposes and consumption at parties, and finally there are people from 30 to 50, people who are already stable, with families, and are left as old consumers who have not been able to leave this type of substance as mentioned (Sáenz Rovner, 2014). The consumption of psychoactive substances is not a contemporary problem, according to (Pérez, 2018). In fact, today the market has innovated based on the demands of consumers as part of the social and cultural advances of the sixties and seventies, such as the marijuana, LSD and mushrooms, along with others of recent appearance. (Milton J. Rojas Valero, 2013) Points out that drugs affect and modify the functioning of our organisms, since when they are used either by injection, by inhalation or by ingestion, they are distributed throughout our body, not only affecting the brain, but also the body, thus making its effects more serious.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Alcoholismo, Drogas, Farmacodependencia, Funciones ejecutivas, Funciones cognitivas, Proceso atencional, Memoria, Sustancias psicoactivas, Alcoholism, Drugs, Pharmacodependence, Executive functions, Cognitive functions, Attentional process, Memory, Psychoactive substances
