Terapias de tercera generación en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas: revisión sistemática
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Cañizares Zambrano, Mayerly Andrea
Urbina Perez, Carlos Joani
Parra Ferreira, Mayerli Yirley
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Las enfermedades crónicas son aquellas condiciones de salud que persisten durante un largo período de tiempo, como la diabetes, la hipertensión, enfermedades cardíacas, entre otras. Estas enfermedades pueden tener un impacto significativo en la salud mental de las personas y la atención psicoterapéutica ha sostenido el reto de abarcar estas necesidades; por ello, la presente revisión sistemática tuvo por objetivo la determinación del estado actual en la investigación orientada al uso de terapias de tercera generación en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas periodo 2019 a 2023. Para ello se planteó el abordaje teórico desde las terapias conductuales de tercera generación que integran modelos de atención plena, activación conductual entre otros. Metodológicamente se implementó una estrategia de búsqueda ubicando conceptos clave como terapias de tercera generación, terapias de activación conductual, terapia de aceptación y compromiso, terapia de atención plena, enfermedades crónicas, en las bases de datos, Science Direct, Apa PsycNet y Scopus. A partir del método prisma se consiguió la elegibilidad de10 artículos para el análisis de los resultados. Se encontró que en el marco de las terapias de tercera generación en pacientes con enfermedad crónica se utiliza el enfoque de aceptación, de atención plena (mindfulness), enfoque de apoyo en los valores y metas personales y enfoque de activación conductual, teniendo resultados positivos principalmente en el manejo de síntomas asociados a la ansiedad, el estrés, control del umbral del dolor y la depresión, además la activación conductual se ha orientado a movilizar conductas que permitan a los pacientes mantenerse activos considerando las limitaciones propias de la enfermedad crónica.
Chronic diseases are those health conditions that persist over a long period of time, such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, among others. These diseases can have a significant impact on people's mental health and psychotherapeutic care has sustained the challenge of covering these needs; therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to determine the current state of research aimed at the use of third-generation therapies in patients with chronic diseases, period 2019 to 2023. For this, the theoretical approach was proposed. from third generation behavioral therapies that integrate models of mindfulness, behavioral activation among others. Methodologically, a search strategy was implemented locating key concepts such as third generation therapies, behavioral activation therapies, acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness therapy, chronic diseases, in the databases, Science Direct, Apa PsycNet and Scopus. Using the prism method, the eligibility of 10 articles was achieved for the analysis of the results. It was found that in the framework of third generation therapies in patients with chronic illness, the acceptance approach, full attention (mindfulness), support approach in personal values and goals and behavioral activation approach are used, having positive results mainly in the management of symptoms associated with anxiety, stress, threshold control of pain and depression, in addition, behavioral activation has been aimed at mobilizing behaviors that allow patients to remain active considering the limitations inherent to the chronic disease.
Chronic diseases are those health conditions that persist over a long period of time, such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, among others. These diseases can have a significant impact on people's mental health and psychotherapeutic care has sustained the challenge of covering these needs; therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to determine the current state of research aimed at the use of third-generation therapies in patients with chronic diseases, period 2019 to 2023. For this, the theoretical approach was proposed. from third generation behavioral therapies that integrate models of mindfulness, behavioral activation among others. Methodologically, a search strategy was implemented locating key concepts such as third generation therapies, behavioral activation therapies, acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness therapy, chronic diseases, in the databases, Science Direct, Apa PsycNet and Scopus. Using the prism method, the eligibility of 10 articles was achieved for the analysis of the results. It was found that in the framework of third generation therapies in patients with chronic illness, the acceptance approach, full attention (mindfulness), support approach in personal values and goals and behavioral activation approach are used, having positive results mainly in the management of symptoms associated with anxiety, stress, threshold control of pain and depression, in addition, behavioral activation has been aimed at mobilizing behaviors that allow patients to remain active considering the limitations inherent to the chronic disease.
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Palabras clave
Terapias de tercera generación, Terapias de activación conductuaL, Terapia de aceptación y compromiso, Enfermedades crónicas
