Enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en cuidados intensivos en una clínica de Barranquilla
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Maza Rosales, Mario Iván
Acosta López, Ever
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) se consideran enfermedades de larga duración y de progresión lenta, las principales causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial corresponden a enfermedades cardiacas, cáncer, enfermedades respiratorias crónicas y a la diabetes, son responsables de 63% de los fallecimientos en todo el mundo.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal, población: conformada por 76 pacientes que cumplen con diagnóstico de enfermedad coronaria o cardiopatía isquémica, eventos vasculares cerebrales, Diabetes mellitus descompensada, insuficiencia renal, crisis hipertensiva, insuficiencia respiratoria, pacientes con Neoplasias confirmados y establecidos por el CIE 10
Resultados: La ocupación el día del muestreo fue del 72,38%. Adultos Jóvenes 2.63%, Adultos 27.63% y 69,74% Adultos Mayores (60 años o más). El área que más dispuso pacientes para las UCIs fue Emergencia (34%), seguido de Hospitalización (34%). El 41% de los pacientes se encontraban con algún tipo de soporte (Ventilatorio. Dialítico, Inotrópico y/o Vasoactivo). El 21% tenía un solo soporte, el 17% dos y solo 2 (3%) pacientes requirieron los tres soportes vitales. El 76.3% (n: 58) tenían 1 o 2 diagnósticos y un 17,1% (n: 13) con tres o más diagnósticos.
Conclusiones: los pacientes añosos en las unidades de cuidado intensivo suelen entrar con más de 1 diagnóstico patológico activo, lo que disminuye la esperanza de vida y la favorable evolución, sin embargo, también se debe reconocer que esta variable de manera independiente no causa una relevancia significativa, puesto que se ha demostrado que la edad es independiente al pronóstico favorable o desfavorable del paciente.
Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are considered to be long-lasting and slow-progressing diseases, the leading causes of death worldwide being heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, which are responsible for 63% of deaths worldwide. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study, population: 76 patients with a diagnosis of coronary disease or ischemic heart disease, cerebral vascular events, decompensated diabetes mellitus, renal failure, hypertensive crisis, respiratory failure, patients with confirmed neoplasms established by the CIE 10 Results: Occupancy on the day of sampling was 72.38%. Young Adults 2.63%, Adults 27.63% and 69.74% Older Adults (60 years and older). The area that had the most patients available for ICUs was Emergency (34%), followed by Hospitalization (34%). Forty-one percent of the patients had some type of support (Ventilatory, Dialytic, Inotropic and/or Vasoactive). 21% had only one support, 17% two and only 2 (3%) patients required all three supports. 76.3% (n: 58) had 1 or 2 diagnoses and 17.1% (n: 13) with three or more diagnoses. Conclusions: Elderly patients in intensive care units usually enter with more than 1 active pathological diagnosis, which decreases life expectancy and favorable evolution. However, it should also be recognized that this variable independently does not cause significant relevance, since it has been shown that age is independent of the patient's favorable or unfavorable prognosis.
Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are considered to be long-lasting and slow-progressing diseases, the leading causes of death worldwide being heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, which are responsible for 63% of deaths worldwide. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study, population: 76 patients with a diagnosis of coronary disease or ischemic heart disease, cerebral vascular events, decompensated diabetes mellitus, renal failure, hypertensive crisis, respiratory failure, patients with confirmed neoplasms established by the CIE 10 Results: Occupancy on the day of sampling was 72.38%. Young Adults 2.63%, Adults 27.63% and 69.74% Older Adults (60 years and older). The area that had the most patients available for ICUs was Emergency (34%), followed by Hospitalization (34%). Forty-one percent of the patients had some type of support (Ventilatory, Dialytic, Inotropic and/or Vasoactive). 21% had only one support, 17% two and only 2 (3%) patients required all three supports. 76.3% (n: 58) had 1 or 2 diagnoses and 17.1% (n: 13) with three or more diagnoses. Conclusions: Elderly patients in intensive care units usually enter with more than 1 active pathological diagnosis, which decreases life expectancy and favorable evolution. However, it should also be recognized that this variable independently does not cause significant relevance, since it has been shown that age is independent of the patient's favorable or unfavorable prognosis.
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Palabras clave
Adulto mayor en UCI, Fragilidad en unidad de cuidado intensivo, prevalencia de adulto mayor en unidad de cuidado intensivo, Older adult in ICU, Fragility in intensive care unit, prevalence of older adult in intensive care unit
