Redes sociales y ansiedad en los estudiantes de la universidad Simón Bolívar
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2023
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Actualmente, los jóvenes universitarios poseen gran fascinación por las nuevas tecnologías, y la han trasladado a diversos escenarios de su diario vivir, haciéndola casi que indispensable, lo cual ha traído una seria de consecuencias, tanto positivas como negativas, y de las cuales se desprende la realización de la presente investigación, la cual está enfocada en el estudio de la relación entre redes sociales y la ansiedad en los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar.
El concepto de ansiedad ha ido evolucionando en muchas direcciones, se le ha considerado como un estado psíquico que puede presentarse de manera física y que también hace parte de ciertos rasgos de la personalidad. Sin embargo, Miguel-Tobal (1990), asegura que la ansiedad es una respuesta emocional, o patrón de respuestas, que engloba aspectos cognitivos, displacenteros, de tensión y aprensión.
En lo que respecta al uso de redes sociales, Gaete (2015) afirma que, el uso diario de redes sociales ocurre, principalmente, en los jóvenes, debido a que en esta etapa el grupo de pares se vuelve más importante y más dependiente de la amistad como fuente de felicidad, y aunque en esta etapa sigue desarrollándose un nuevo sentido de individualidad, la autoimagen depende en gran medida de las opiniones de los demás.
Esta investigación surge de la necesidad de comprender la relación entre redes sociales y la ansiedad que podrían manifestar los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar por el uso excesivo de estas. Resulta indispensable que el estudiante universitario se mantenga estable, con buena salud mental, pues de no ser así se podrían presentar alteraciones en la relación del estudiante consigo mismo, pues se genera un desorden en los horarios de sueño, en los horarios de comida, puede que aumente su apetito o que, por el contrario, disminuya. Además, estas alteraciones podrían interferir con el ámbito académico, pues una mente que
no está tranquila carece de concentración, y este es un elemento indispensable en los procesos de aprendizaje.
Por otra parte, esta investigación contribuye a la psicología a hacer visible, a generar conciencia y detener una problemática silenciosa que afecta la salud mental de los universitarios. Es por ello que se plantea el objetivo general de comprender la relación entre el uso excesivo de las redes sociales y la ansiedad en los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, y para ello se plantearon tres objetivos específicos: Identificar los sentimientos de los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar al usar excesivamente sus redes sociales; Describir el comportamiento de los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar al usar excesivamente sus redes sociales y determinar la concepción de los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar sobre el uso excesivo de redes sociales.
La metodología implementada parte de una investigación cualitativa, por lo tanto, implica recopilar y analizar datos no numéricos para comprender conceptos, opiniones, experiencias, sentimientos, emociones, sensaciones y/o comportamientos con el significado que le brindan los individuos. El enfoque es fenomenológico, porque trata de comprender las percepciones, perspectivas e interpretación de una situación en particular. La muestra estuvo constituida por 12 estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar de Barranquilla, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 26 años; y el instrumento utilizado fue una entrevista semiestructurada.
A partir de la aplicación de la entrevista semiestructurada, se pudo evidenciar que en las mujeres se resaltaba mucho la comparación en las redes sociales, comparaban el físico de otras mujeres con el suyo; mientras que en los hombres la categoría que más destacaba en sus respuestas era el pasatiempo, basándose en que el uso que le daban a las redes sociales era para pasar su tiempo libre y no sentirse “aburridos”. En este sentido, en la mayoría de los evaluados sus prioridades eran más importantes que estar involucrados en el mundo de las redes sociales. Estas eran relegadas ante cualquier responsabilidad, ya sea, de trabajo, estudio
o algo más personal; son conscientes de las cosas que necesitan más esfuerzo y atención y consideran que el uso de redes sociales solo debe hacerse en tiempos libres o de descanso.
Los resultados encontrados guardan relación con aportes de Aveiga et al., (2018), quienes en su investigación acerca del uso de la tecnología, resaltan que el no saber tener un manejo adecuado del tiempo, repercute en sentir la constante necesidad de utilizar las redes sociales, lo que trae consigo el desarrollo de comportamientos ansiosos y relacionados a la adicción. Esto, se puede corroborar dentro de la mayoría de los participantes asociados a la investigación, ya que, en las respuestas obtenidas se identifica un índice significativo de indispensabilidad de las redes sociales en la cotidianidad de los estudiantes.
Como conclusión de esta investigación, se encontró relación entre el uso excesivo de las redes sociales y la ansiedad en los estudiantes de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, en este sentido, se halló una posible ansiedad, sobre todo en mujeres, aunque en ambos géneros se encontraron presentes más de 3 síntomas ansiosos, debido al uso excesivo de redes, estos se reflejan en mayor medida en el género femenino. Entre los sentimientos encontrados en los estudiantes se resalta que estos se sienten aburridos, ansiosos, y/o estresados, y mantienen la concepción de que las redes sociales son pasatiempo, al que recurren cuando tienen tiempo libre.
Currently, young university students have great fascination for new technologies, and have transferred it to various scenarios of their daily lives, making it almost indispensable, which has brought a series of consequences, both positive and negative, and from which it follows the realization of the present investigation, which is focused on the study of the relationship between social networks and anxiety in the students of the Simón Bolívar University. The concept of anxiety has been evolving in many directions, it has been considered as a mental state that can present itself physically and that is also part of certain personality traits. However, Miguel-Tobal (1990) states that anxiety is an emotional response, or pattern of responses, that encompasses cognitive, unpleasant, tension, and apprehension aspects. Regarding the use of social networks, Gaete (2015) affirms that the daily use of social networks occurs mainly in young people, because at this stage the peer group becomes more important and more dependent on the friendship as a source of happiness, and although a new sense of individuality continues to develop at this stage, self-image is highly dependent on the opinions of others. This research arises from the need to understand the relationship between social networks and the anxiety that the students of the Simón Bolívar University could manifest due to the excessive use of these. It is essential that the university student remains stable, with good mental health, because if this is not the case, alterations could occur in the student's relationship with himself, since a disorder is generated in sleep schedules, in meal schedules, it can increase your appetite or, on the contrary, decrease. In addition, these alterations could interfere with the academic environment, since a mind that is not calm lacks concentration, and this is an essential element in the learning process. On the other hand, this research contributes to psychology to make visible, to generate awareness and to stop a silent problem that affects the mental health of university students. That is why the general objective of understanding the relationship between the excessive use of social networks and anxiety in the students of the Simón Bolívar University is proposed, and for this, three specific objectives were proposed: Identify the feelings of the students of the Simón Bolívar University by excessively using its social networks; To describe the behavior of the students of the Simón Bolívar University when excessively using their social networks and to determine the conception of the students of the Simón Bolívar University about the excessive use of social networks. The methodology implemented is based on qualitative research, therefore, it involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, experiences, feelings, emotions, sensations and/or behaviors with the meaning that individuals provide. The approach is phenomenological, because it tries to understand the perceptions, perspectives and interpretation of a particular situation. The sample consisted of 12 students from the Simón Bolívar University of Barranquilla, aged between 18 and 26 years; and the instrument used was a semi-structured interview. From the application of the semi-structured interview, it was possible to show that in women the comparison in social networks was highlighted, they compared the physique of other women with their own; while in men the category that stood out the most in their answers was hobby, based on the fact that the use they gave to social networks was to spend their free time and not feel "bored". In this sense, in most of those evaluated their priorities were more important than being involved in the world of social networks. These were relegated before any responsibility, be it work, study or something more personal; They are aware of the things that need more effort and attention and consider that the use of social networks should only be done in free time or rest. The results found are related to the contributions of Aveiga et al., (2018), who in their research on the use of technology, highlight that not knowing how to properly manage time, has an impact on feeling the constant need to use the networks. social, which brings with it the development of anxious and addiction-related behaviors. This can be corroborated within the majority of the participants associated with the research, since, in the responses obtained, a significant index of the indispensability of social networks in the daily life of students is identified. As a conclusion of this investigation, a relationship was found between the excessive use of social networks and anxiety in the students of the Simón Bolívar University, in this sense, a possible anxiety was found, especially in women, although both genders were found. present more than 3 anxious symptoms, due to the excessive use of networks, these are reflected to a greater extent in the female gender. Among the mixed feelings in the students, it is highlighted that they feel bored, anxious, and/or stressed, and they maintain the conception that social networks are a pastime, to which they resort when they have free time.
Currently, young university students have great fascination for new technologies, and have transferred it to various scenarios of their daily lives, making it almost indispensable, which has brought a series of consequences, both positive and negative, and from which it follows the realization of the present investigation, which is focused on the study of the relationship between social networks and anxiety in the students of the Simón Bolívar University. The concept of anxiety has been evolving in many directions, it has been considered as a mental state that can present itself physically and that is also part of certain personality traits. However, Miguel-Tobal (1990) states that anxiety is an emotional response, or pattern of responses, that encompasses cognitive, unpleasant, tension, and apprehension aspects. Regarding the use of social networks, Gaete (2015) affirms that the daily use of social networks occurs mainly in young people, because at this stage the peer group becomes more important and more dependent on the friendship as a source of happiness, and although a new sense of individuality continues to develop at this stage, self-image is highly dependent on the opinions of others. This research arises from the need to understand the relationship between social networks and the anxiety that the students of the Simón Bolívar University could manifest due to the excessive use of these. It is essential that the university student remains stable, with good mental health, because if this is not the case, alterations could occur in the student's relationship with himself, since a disorder is generated in sleep schedules, in meal schedules, it can increase your appetite or, on the contrary, decrease. In addition, these alterations could interfere with the academic environment, since a mind that is not calm lacks concentration, and this is an essential element in the learning process. On the other hand, this research contributes to psychology to make visible, to generate awareness and to stop a silent problem that affects the mental health of university students. That is why the general objective of understanding the relationship between the excessive use of social networks and anxiety in the students of the Simón Bolívar University is proposed, and for this, three specific objectives were proposed: Identify the feelings of the students of the Simón Bolívar University by excessively using its social networks; To describe the behavior of the students of the Simón Bolívar University when excessively using their social networks and to determine the conception of the students of the Simón Bolívar University about the excessive use of social networks. The methodology implemented is based on qualitative research, therefore, it involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, experiences, feelings, emotions, sensations and/or behaviors with the meaning that individuals provide. The approach is phenomenological, because it tries to understand the perceptions, perspectives and interpretation of a particular situation. The sample consisted of 12 students from the Simón Bolívar University of Barranquilla, aged between 18 and 26 years; and the instrument used was a semi-structured interview. From the application of the semi-structured interview, it was possible to show that in women the comparison in social networks was highlighted, they compared the physique of other women with their own; while in men the category that stood out the most in their answers was hobby, based on the fact that the use they gave to social networks was to spend their free time and not feel "bored". In this sense, in most of those evaluated their priorities were more important than being involved in the world of social networks. These were relegated before any responsibility, be it work, study or something more personal; They are aware of the things that need more effort and attention and consider that the use of social networks should only be done in free time or rest. The results found are related to the contributions of Aveiga et al., (2018), who in their research on the use of technology, highlight that not knowing how to properly manage time, has an impact on feeling the constant need to use the networks. social, which brings with it the development of anxious and addiction-related behaviors. This can be corroborated within the majority of the participants associated with the research, since, in the responses obtained, a significant index of the indispensability of social networks in the daily life of students is identified. As a conclusion of this investigation, a relationship was found between the excessive use of social networks and anxiety in the students of the Simón Bolívar University, in this sense, a possible anxiety was found, especially in women, although both genders were found. present more than 3 anxious symptoms, due to the excessive use of networks, these are reflected to a greater extent in the female gender. Among the mixed feelings in the students, it is highlighted that they feel bored, anxious, and/or stressed, and they maintain the conception that social networks are a pastime, to which they resort when they have free time.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Redes Sociales, Ansiedad, Estudiantes universitarios, Social Networks, Anxiety, University students
