Análisis del Cabildo Abierto como mecanismo de participación ciudadana en Colombia
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2023
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
El Cabildo Abierto es un mecanismo de participación ciudadana que ha existido en Colombia desde antes del inicio de la era republicana. Con la promulgación de la Constitución Política de 1991, innumerables aspectos cambiaron en el Estado colombiano; precisamente, uno de ellos es el relacionado con la nueva modificación estatal que pasó de ser un Estado de Derecho a convertirse en un Estado Social de Derecho. Esta Carta Magna vio nacer herramientas tales como la acción de tutela, los mecanismos alternativos de solución de conflictos, los mecanismos de participación ciudadana, entre otros. Precisamente, dentro de los últimos se encuentra el Cabildo Abierto, un instrumento por medio del cual la comunidad, a través de una reunión pública realizada en los concejos municipales o distritales, o en las sedes de las juntas administradoras locales respectivas, podrá discutir asuntos que son de un interés general. El objetivo general del proyecto es analizar al Cabildo Abierto como mecanismo abierto de participación ciudadana en Colombia. Para ello, se recurrió a la definición legal y jurisprudencial de este instrumento constitucional con la finalidad de tener un criterio más concreto acerca de este mecanismo y, de esta manera, la realización del proyecto tenga una claridad conceptual, normativa y jurisprudencial. Para la elaboración del presente artículo se ha tenido utilizado el enfoque cualitativo de investigación, el cual por medio de este el investigador, siempre y cuando cuente con la competencia y calificación, puede informar de manera objetiva, clara y precisa acerca de las observaciones que tenga sobre el mundo social, así como de las experiencias que de los demás recaude. A su vez, para realizar la labor investigativa se vale de técnicas tales como entrevistas, historias de vida, estudios de caso o análisis documentales; a partir de estas fuentes, puede unir sus puntos de vista con los aportados por otros. De otra parte, se puede determinar que el actuar humano es esencial al momento de realizar una investigación de tipo cualitativo, más aún si se analiza el espectro subjetivo, elemento fundamental en este tipo de investigaciones. En materia jurídica, el enfoque cualitativo de investigación termina convirtiéndose en el principal modelo por el cual los investigadores jurídicos se inclinan, máxime cuando es por medio de él que se permiten estudiar todos los fenómenos que en el ámbito jurídico se presentan. En las normas se condensan los segmentos de las relaciones humanas que se establecen en cada uno de los planos sociales. De otra parte, hay una relación entre la investigación cualitativa y el paradigma positivista de la ciencia; asimismo, expone que ello tiene un propósito y consiste en abordar al objeto de estudio a través de las propiedades y las manifestaciones observables; debido a ello, el eje central de tal investigación es la recolección de datos, la cuantificación de magnitudes y los análisis estadísticos. A manera de conclusión, en la realidad se evidencia que aún se observan determinados obstáculos que impiden que la comunidad pueda solicitar el desarrollo de estas sesiones. Una de ellas es el desconocimiento que tiene gran parte de la sociedad sobre la existencia de estos mecanismos.
The Cabildo Abierto is a mechanism for citizen participation that has existed in Colombia since before the beginning of the republican era. With the enactment of the Political Constitution of 1991, countless aspects changed in the Colombian State; precisely one of them is related to the new state modification that went from being a State of Law to become a Social State of Law. This Magna Carta saw the birth of tools such as the tutela action, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, citizen participation mechanisms, among others. Precisely, among the latter is the Cabildo Abierto, an instrument by means of which the community, through a public meeting held in the municipal or district councils, or in the headquarters of the respective local administrative boards, may discuss matters of general interest. The general objective of the project is to analyze the Cabildo Abierto as an open mechanism of citizen participation in Colombia. For this purpose, we resorted to the legal and jurisprudential definition of this constitutional instrument in order to have a more concrete criterion about this mechanism and, in this way, the realization of the project has a conceptual, normative and jurisprudential clarity. For the elaboration of this article, the qualitative research approach has been used, by means of which the researcher, as long as he has the competence and qualification, can inform in an objective, clear and precise manner about the observations he has about the social world, as well as the experiences he gathers from others. At the same time, in order to carry out the investigative work, he/she uses techniques such as interviews, life stories, case studies or documentary analysis; from these sources, he/she can join his/her points of view with those contributed by others. On the other hand, it can be determined that human action is essential when conducting qualitative research, especially if the subjective spectrum is analyzed, a fundamental element in this type of research. In legal matters, the qualitative research approach ends up becoming the main model for which legal researchers are inclined, especially when it is through it that all the phenomena that occur in the legal field can be studied. In the norms are condensed the segments of human relations that are established in each of the social levels. On the other hand, there is a relationship between qualitative research and the positivist paradigm of science; it also states that it has a purpose and consists of approaching the object of study through the observable properties and manifestations; due to this, the central axis of such research is the collection of data, the quantification of magnitudes and statistical analysis. By way of conclusion, in reality it is evident that there are still certain obstacles that prevent the community from requesting the development of these sessions. One of them is the lack of knowledge that a large part of society has about the existence of these mechanisms
The Cabildo Abierto is a mechanism for citizen participation that has existed in Colombia since before the beginning of the republican era. With the enactment of the Political Constitution of 1991, countless aspects changed in the Colombian State; precisely one of them is related to the new state modification that went from being a State of Law to become a Social State of Law. This Magna Carta saw the birth of tools such as the tutela action, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, citizen participation mechanisms, among others. Precisely, among the latter is the Cabildo Abierto, an instrument by means of which the community, through a public meeting held in the municipal or district councils, or in the headquarters of the respective local administrative boards, may discuss matters of general interest. The general objective of the project is to analyze the Cabildo Abierto as an open mechanism of citizen participation in Colombia. For this purpose, we resorted to the legal and jurisprudential definition of this constitutional instrument in order to have a more concrete criterion about this mechanism and, in this way, the realization of the project has a conceptual, normative and jurisprudential clarity. For the elaboration of this article, the qualitative research approach has been used, by means of which the researcher, as long as he has the competence and qualification, can inform in an objective, clear and precise manner about the observations he has about the social world, as well as the experiences he gathers from others. At the same time, in order to carry out the investigative work, he/she uses techniques such as interviews, life stories, case studies or documentary analysis; from these sources, he/she can join his/her points of view with those contributed by others. On the other hand, it can be determined that human action is essential when conducting qualitative research, especially if the subjective spectrum is analyzed, a fundamental element in this type of research. In legal matters, the qualitative research approach ends up becoming the main model for which legal researchers are inclined, especially when it is through it that all the phenomena that occur in the legal field can be studied. In the norms are condensed the segments of human relations that are established in each of the social levels. On the other hand, there is a relationship between qualitative research and the positivist paradigm of science; it also states that it has a purpose and consists of approaching the object of study through the observable properties and manifestations; due to this, the central axis of such research is the collection of data, the quantification of magnitudes and statistical analysis. By way of conclusion, in reality it is evident that there are still certain obstacles that prevent the community from requesting the development of these sessions. One of them is the lack of knowledge that a large part of society has about the existence of these mechanisms
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Palabras clave
Constitución Política de 1991, Mecanismos de participación ciudadana, Cabildo abierto, Estado social de derecho, Participación ciudadana, Political constitution of 1991, Citizen participation mechanisms, Open council, Social State of Law, Citizen participation
