Síndrome de burnout, calidad de sueño y síntomas osteomusculares de trabajadores de la región Caribe Colombiana
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Barraza Mercado, Andrea Carolina
Montalvo Vergara, Jenifer
Contreras Orozco, Diana Marcela Del Pilar
Gómez Escorcia, Lorena Sofía
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar las características de Burnout, los niveles del sueño y los síntomas osteomusculares en los trabajadores de la Región Caribe Colombiana. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, aplicado en 80 trabajadores del área administrativa, operaria y directiva. Se realizo un muestreo simple y aleatorio. Las molestias musculoesqueléticas se definieron mediante el Cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), la encuesta de Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh y el Cuestionario Nórdico de Kuorinka el cual concentra sus preguntas en los síntomas que se encuentran con mayor frecuencia en los trabajadores que están sometidos a exigencias físicas, especialmente aquellos de origen biomecánico. Su utilización debe tener en cuenta los propósitos con los que fue diseñado, los cuales son: Detección de trastornos musculoesqueléticos en un contexto de intervención ergonómico y atención en servicios de salud ocupacional o de prevención de riesgos. El procesamiento y análisis de datos se realizó con el programa estadístico SPSS versión 25 (Licencia de la Universidad Simón Bolívar) donde se evaluaron las variables de las características de Burnout, los niveles del sueño y los síntomas osteomusculares en los trabajadores de la Región Caribe Colombiana en un único momento temporal. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos fueron que hay un alto nivel de Burnout en los trabajadores de la Región Caribe Colombiana un 5,0 % reporta agotamiento emocional diario, En cuanto a la percepción de tener una influencia positiva en la vida de otros a través del trabajo, solo el 1,3 % de los trabajadores nunca han sentido esto, y un 6,3 % lo siente raramente, Respecto a la sensación de actividad, el 17,5 % de los participantes pocas veces a la semana se sienten activos por su trabajo, mientras que el 10,0 % lo siente pocas veces al año o menos. Un 11,3 % lo siente pocas veces al mes o menos mientras que un 10,0 % lo sienten una vez al mes o menos y un 12,5 % semanalmente, Con relación a sentirse quemado en el trabajo, Un 22,5 % la experimenta unas pocas veces al mes, en tanto, que el 11,3 % semanalmente, y un 5,0 % siente este agotamiento todos los días. Por otro lado; se evaluó la calidad del sueño, obteniendo que un 13,8 % describe su sueño como "bastante mala" y un 6,3 % como "muy mala". al evaluar la calidad percibida del sueño, un 50,0 % la consideran "mala "y el 21,3 % restante la evalúa como "regular". Así mismo se evaluó las diferencias significativas en la percepción del sueño entre los distintos roles ocupacionales, encontrando que 40 empleados califican su sueño como malo, de los cuales 21 son administrativos, 1 es directivo y 18 operativos. En la categoría de sueño regular, de un total de 17 personas, 11 son administrativos, 1 es directivo, y 5 son operativos. Finalmente, se evaluó, las molestias físicas en el cuello, muñeca y zona lumbar. Los datos revelan que un 35,0 % de los encuestados, experimentaron molestias en el cuello durante los últimos 12 meses y un 26, 3 % en los últimos 7 días. En comparación con las molestias en las muñecas que fueron menos comunes con un 28,80 % reportando molestias en los últimos 12 meses y un 27,50 % en los últimos 7 días. Por otro lado, las molestias en la zona lumbar también fueron frecuentes, con un 37,50 % de los participantes experimentándolas en los últimos 12 meses y un 36,30 % en los últimos 7 días. Conclusión: los hallazgos muestran, altos niveles de agotamiento emocional, sensación de falta de actividad e influencia positiva en el trabajo, así como una pobre calidad del sueño y molestias físicas frecuentes en los trabajadores de la Región Caribe Colombiana. Estos hallazgos sugieren la presencia de burnout laboral y la necesidad de implementar medidas preventivas y de intervención para mejorar el bienestar y Seguridad y Salud En El Trabajo en esta población.
Objective: Determine the characteristics of Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in the Colombian Caribbean Region. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, applied to 80 workers in the administrative, operational and managerial areas. A simple and random sampling was carried out. Musculoskeletal complaints were defined using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index survey, and the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire, which focuses its questions on the symptoms most frequently found in workers who are subjected to physical demands, especially those of biomechanical origin. Its use must take into account the purposes for which it was designed, which are: Detection of musculoskeletal disorders in a context of ergonomic intervention and care in occupational health or risk prevention services. The data processing and analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS version 25 (License from the Simón Bolívar University) where the variables of Burnout characteristics, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers from the Colombian Caribbean Region were evaluated. in a single momento in time. Results: The results obtained were that there is a high level of Burnout in the workers of the Colombian Caribbean Region, 5.0% report daily emotional exhaustion, Regarding the perception of having a positive influence on the lives of others through work., only 1.3% of workers have never felt this, and 6.3% rarely feel it. Regarding the feeling of activity, 17.5% of the participants feel active a few times a week because of their work, while 10.0% feel it a few times a year or less. 11.3% feel it a few times a month or less, while 10.0% feel it once a month or less and 12.5% feel it weekly. In relation to feeling burned out at work, 22.5% feel it. experience it a few times a month, while 11.3% experience it weekly, and 5.0% feel this exhaustion every day. On the other hand, Sleep quality was evaluated, with 13.8% describing their sleep as "fairly bad" and 6.3% as "very bad." When evaluating the perceived quality of sleep, 50.0% consider it "poor" and the remaining 21.3% evaluate it as "regular." Likewise, significant differences in sleep perception between different occupational roles were evaluated, finding that 40 employees rate their sleep as bad, of which 21 are administrative, 1 is a manager and 18 are operational. In the regular sleep category, of a total of 17 people, 11 are administrative, 1 is a manager, and 5 are operational. Finally, physical discomfort in the neck, wrist and lumbar area was evaluated. The data reveals that 35.0% of respondents experienced neck discomfort during the last 12 months and 26.3% in the last 7 days. Compared to wrist discomfort which was less common with 28.80% reporting discomfort in the last 12 months and 27.50% in the last 7 days. On the other hand, discomfort in the lower back was also common, with 37.50% of the participants experiencing it in the last 12 months and 36.30% in the last 7 days. Conclusion: the findings show high levels of emotional exhaustion, a feeling of lack of activity and positive influence at work, as well as poor quality of sleep and frequent physical discomfort in workers in the Colombian Caribbean Region. These findings suggest the presence of occupational burnout and the need to implement preventive and intervention measures to improve well-being and Safety and Health at Work in this population.
Objective: Determine the characteristics of Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in the Colombian Caribbean Region. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, applied to 80 workers in the administrative, operational and managerial areas. A simple and random sampling was carried out. Musculoskeletal complaints were defined using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index survey, and the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire, which focuses its questions on the symptoms most frequently found in workers who are subjected to physical demands, especially those of biomechanical origin. Its use must take into account the purposes for which it was designed, which are: Detection of musculoskeletal disorders in a context of ergonomic intervention and care in occupational health or risk prevention services. The data processing and analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS version 25 (License from the Simón Bolívar University) where the variables of Burnout characteristics, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers from the Colombian Caribbean Region were evaluated. in a single momento in time. Results: The results obtained were that there is a high level of Burnout in the workers of the Colombian Caribbean Region, 5.0% report daily emotional exhaustion, Regarding the perception of having a positive influence on the lives of others through work., only 1.3% of workers have never felt this, and 6.3% rarely feel it. Regarding the feeling of activity, 17.5% of the participants feel active a few times a week because of their work, while 10.0% feel it a few times a year or less. 11.3% feel it a few times a month or less, while 10.0% feel it once a month or less and 12.5% feel it weekly. In relation to feeling burned out at work, 22.5% feel it. experience it a few times a month, while 11.3% experience it weekly, and 5.0% feel this exhaustion every day. On the other hand, Sleep quality was evaluated, with 13.8% describing their sleep as "fairly bad" and 6.3% as "very bad." When evaluating the perceived quality of sleep, 50.0% consider it "poor" and the remaining 21.3% evaluate it as "regular." Likewise, significant differences in sleep perception between different occupational roles were evaluated, finding that 40 employees rate their sleep as bad, of which 21 are administrative, 1 is a manager and 18 are operational. In the regular sleep category, of a total of 17 people, 11 are administrative, 1 is a manager, and 5 are operational. Finally, physical discomfort in the neck, wrist and lumbar area was evaluated. The data reveals that 35.0% of respondents experienced neck discomfort during the last 12 months and 26.3% in the last 7 days. Compared to wrist discomfort which was less common with 28.80% reporting discomfort in the last 12 months and 27.50% in the last 7 days. On the other hand, discomfort in the lower back was also common, with 37.50% of the participants experiencing it in the last 12 months and 36.30% in the last 7 days. Conclusion: the findings show high levels of emotional exhaustion, a feeling of lack of activity and positive influence at work, as well as poor quality of sleep and frequent physical discomfort in workers in the Colombian Caribbean Region. These findings suggest the presence of occupational burnout and the need to implement preventive and intervention measures to improve well-being and Safety and Health at Work in this population.
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Palabras clave
Estrés laboral, Trastornos de sueño, Salud laboral, Trabajador
