Terapia cognitiva conductual basada en el trauma para el tratamiento de estrés postraumático en población infantil
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Fecha
2026
Autores
Contreras Peñata, Keren Elieth
Rengifo Consuegra, Gerson Yesid
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) es un problema de salud mental que puede aparecer después de experimentar circunstancias que ponen en peligro la seguridad o integridad de las personas. Estos acontecimientos abarcan actos violentos, catástrofes naturales y accidentes no previstos, desplazamiento forzoso, inmigración, conflictos armados o guerras, entre otros. En ese sentido, una de las intervenciones más eficaces para tratar el TEPT en niños es la Terapia CognitivoConductual basada en el trauma (TF-CBT), que aparece tras experimentar eventos que ponen en riesgo la seguridad o la integridad personal. Investigaciones indican que sus elementos claves como la autorregulación emocional, la psicoeducación, la participación del cuidador, la exposición gradual y la reestructuración cognitiva, continúan siendo efectivos en diversas circunstancias socioculturales. En ese contexto, el objetivo de esta monografía es describir la aplicación de la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual Basada en el Trauma (TF-CBT) en el tratamiento del Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático en población infantil en el periodo comprendido desde el 2020 hasta el 2024, a partir de estudios identificados en la base de datos Web of Science. Inicialmente, se identificaron 138 artículos de los cuales, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos, se seleccionaron 16 trabajos que fueron incluidos. Los hallazgos muestran una uniformidad en la metodología.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that may develop after experiencing events that threaten individuals’ safety or personal integrity. Such events include acts of violence, natural disasters, unforeseen accidents, forced displacement, immigration, armed conflicts, and war, among others. In this regard, one of the most effective interventions for treating PTSD in children is Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), which is specifically designed to address the psychological consequences of exposure to events that endanger personal safety or integrity. Research indicates that its core components such as emotional self-regulation, psychoeducation, caregiver involvement, gradual exposure, and cognitive restructuring remain effective across diverse sociocultural contexts. Within this framework, the aim of this monograph is to describe the application of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TFCBT) in the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in children during the period from 2020 to 2024, based on studies identified in the Web of Science database. Initially, 138 articles were identified; after applying the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies were selected for inclusion. The findings reveal methodological consistency across studies.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that may develop after experiencing events that threaten individuals’ safety or personal integrity. Such events include acts of violence, natural disasters, unforeseen accidents, forced displacement, immigration, armed conflicts, and war, among others. In this regard, one of the most effective interventions for treating PTSD in children is Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), which is specifically designed to address the psychological consequences of exposure to events that endanger personal safety or integrity. Research indicates that its core components such as emotional self-regulation, psychoeducation, caregiver involvement, gradual exposure, and cognitive restructuring remain effective across diverse sociocultural contexts. Within this framework, the aim of this monograph is to describe the application of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TFCBT) in the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in children during the period from 2020 to 2024, based on studies identified in the Web of Science database. Initially, 138 articles were identified; after applying the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies were selected for inclusion. The findings reveal methodological consistency across studies.
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Palabras clave
Estrés Postraumático, Trauma, Terapia Cognitivo Conductual Basada en el Trauma, Intervención, Niños
