Revisión de literatura científica sobre eventos adversos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos adultos periodo 2014-2024.
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2024
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
La revisión sistemática sobre incidencia reportada de eventos adversos en las
Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos durante el periodo 2019-2024 revela preocupantes
hallazgos. A pesar de los avances en la seguridad del paciente, los eventos como
infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria, úlceras de decúbito, errores de medicación
y complicaciones procedimentales siguen siendo comunes. Objetivo: Describir el estado
actual del conocimiento sobre eventos adversos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos
adultos a partir de la revisión de la literatura científica a nivel nacional e internacional en el
periodo 2014-2024.Materiales y método: Revisión de literatura científica sobre eventos
adversos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos de adultos en el periodo 2014-2024, los
artículos fueron seleccionados de bases de datos como PubMed y Scielo, que cumplieron
con los criterios de inclusión. Hicieron parte de la revisión 30 artículos, Resultados: Los
tres eventos adversos que se presentan con mayor frecuencia en las Unidades de
Cuidados Intensivos, según la revisión de la literatura científica, son los errores en
medicamentos, con un 98,3%, seguido de las ulceras por decúbito con un 87,7%, y por
ultimo las IAAS, con un 39% estos eventos adversos no solo prolongan la estancia
hospitalaria, sino que a su vez aumentan los costos de atención y afecta el índice de
calidad de una institución. Conclusión: Es esencial mejorar los sistemas de reporte y la
cultura de seguridad del paciente, promoviendo un enfoque no punitivo para el manejo de
errores y asegurando la formación continua del personal de salud; el fortalecer estos
procesos es crucial para disminuir la frecuencia de incidentes adversos y elevar la calidad
de la atención en las unidades de cuidado intensivos.
The systematic review of the reported incidence of adverse events in Intensive Care Units during the period 2019-2024 reveals worrying findings. Despite advances in patient safety, events such as healthcare-associated infections, pressure ulcers, medication errors, and procedural complications remain common. Objective: To describe the current state of knowledge about adverse events in adult intensive care units based on the review of the scientific literature at the national and international level in the period 2014-2024.Materials and method: A review of the scientific literature on adverse events in adult intensive care units in the period 2014-2024, the articles were selected from databases such as PubMed and Scielo, which met the inclusion criteria. Results: The three adverse events that occur most frequently in Intensive Care Units, according to the review of the scientific literature, are medication errors, with 98.3%, followed by pressure ulcers with 87.7%, and finally HAI, with 39% of these adverse events not only prolong the hospital stay, but also prolong the hospital stay. but in turn they increase the costs of care and affect the quality index of an institution. Conclusion: It is essential to improve reporting systems and patient safety culture, promoting a non-punitive approach to error management and ensuring continuous training of health personnel; strengthening these processes is crucial to reduce the frequency of adverse incidents and raise the quality of care in intensive care units
The systematic review of the reported incidence of adverse events in Intensive Care Units during the period 2019-2024 reveals worrying findings. Despite advances in patient safety, events such as healthcare-associated infections, pressure ulcers, medication errors, and procedural complications remain common. Objective: To describe the current state of knowledge about adverse events in adult intensive care units based on the review of the scientific literature at the national and international level in the period 2014-2024.Materials and method: A review of the scientific literature on adverse events in adult intensive care units in the period 2014-2024, the articles were selected from databases such as PubMed and Scielo, which met the inclusion criteria. Results: The three adverse events that occur most frequently in Intensive Care Units, according to the review of the scientific literature, are medication errors, with 98.3%, followed by pressure ulcers with 87.7%, and finally HAI, with 39% of these adverse events not only prolong the hospital stay, but also prolong the hospital stay. but in turn they increase the costs of care and affect the quality index of an institution. Conclusion: It is essential to improve reporting systems and patient safety culture, promoting a non-punitive approach to error management and ensuring continuous training of health personnel; strengthening these processes is crucial to reduce the frequency of adverse incidents and raise the quality of care in intensive care units
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Seguridad del paciente, UCI, Evento adverso (DeCS)
